MGT 301 FINAL EXAM 4 QUESTIONS ACCURATE
ANSWERS
Motivation - Answers - the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed
behavior
Personal Factors of Motivation - Answers - personality, ability, core self-evaluations,
emotions, attitudes, needs
Contextual Factors of Motivation - Answers - organizational culture, cross-cultural
values, physical environment, rewards and reinforcement, group norms, communication
technology, leader behavior, organizational design
Extrinsic Rewards - Answers - payoff a person receives from others for performing a
particular task
Intrinsic Rewards - Answers - satisfaction a person receives from performing the
particular task itself
Unfilled need-->motivation-->Behaviors-->Rewards-->Feedback (repeat)
You want to motivate people to - Answers - - Join your organization
-Stay with your organization
- Show up for work at your organization
- Be engaged while at your organization
- Do extra for your organization
the four major perspectives on motivation - Answers - 1. content
2. process
3. job design
4. reinforcement
Content Perspectives - Answers - theories that emphasize the needs that motivate
people
Needs - Answers - - psychological definciences that arouse behavior
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
1. Psychological Need- the most basic human physical need - Answers - need for food,
clothing, shelter, comfort, self-preservation
Workplace examples: these are covered by wages
, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
2. Safety Need - Answers - need for physical safety, emotional security, avoidance of
violence
Workplace examples: health insurance, job security, work safety rules, pension plans
satisfy this need
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
3. Love need - Answers - need for love, friendship, affection
Workplace examples: office parties, company softball teams, management retreats
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
4. Esteem need - Answers - need for self-respect, status, reputation, recognition, self-
confidence
Workplace Examples: bonuses, promotions, awards
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
5. Self-actualization need- the highest level need - Answers - need for self-fulfillment,
increasing competence, using abilities to the fullest
workplace examples: sabbatical leave to further personal growth
Acquired Needs Theory - Answers - three needs are major motives determining
people's behavior in the workplace
1. achievement- desire to achieve excellence in challenging tasks
2. affiliation- desire for friendly and warm relationships
3. power- desire to influence or control others
Self-determination theory - Answers - Assumes people are driven to try to grow and
attain fulfillment, with their behavior and well-being influenced by three innate needs:
competence, autonomy, and relatedness
focuses primarily on intrinsic motivation rewards
Competence - Answers - people need to feel qualified, knowledgeable, and capable of
completing a goal or task and to learn different skills
Autonomy - Answers - people need to feel they have freedom and the discretion to
determine what they want to do and how they want to do it
Relatedness - Answers - people need to feel a sense of belonging, of attachment to
others
ANSWERS
Motivation - Answers - the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed
behavior
Personal Factors of Motivation - Answers - personality, ability, core self-evaluations,
emotions, attitudes, needs
Contextual Factors of Motivation - Answers - organizational culture, cross-cultural
values, physical environment, rewards and reinforcement, group norms, communication
technology, leader behavior, organizational design
Extrinsic Rewards - Answers - payoff a person receives from others for performing a
particular task
Intrinsic Rewards - Answers - satisfaction a person receives from performing the
particular task itself
Unfilled need-->motivation-->Behaviors-->Rewards-->Feedback (repeat)
You want to motivate people to - Answers - - Join your organization
-Stay with your organization
- Show up for work at your organization
- Be engaged while at your organization
- Do extra for your organization
the four major perspectives on motivation - Answers - 1. content
2. process
3. job design
4. reinforcement
Content Perspectives - Answers - theories that emphasize the needs that motivate
people
Needs - Answers - - psychological definciences that arouse behavior
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
1. Psychological Need- the most basic human physical need - Answers - need for food,
clothing, shelter, comfort, self-preservation
Workplace examples: these are covered by wages
, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
2. Safety Need - Answers - need for physical safety, emotional security, avoidance of
violence
Workplace examples: health insurance, job security, work safety rules, pension plans
satisfy this need
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
3. Love need - Answers - need for love, friendship, affection
Workplace examples: office parties, company softball teams, management retreats
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
4. Esteem need - Answers - need for self-respect, status, reputation, recognition, self-
confidence
Workplace Examples: bonuses, promotions, awards
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
5. Self-actualization need- the highest level need - Answers - need for self-fulfillment,
increasing competence, using abilities to the fullest
workplace examples: sabbatical leave to further personal growth
Acquired Needs Theory - Answers - three needs are major motives determining
people's behavior in the workplace
1. achievement- desire to achieve excellence in challenging tasks
2. affiliation- desire for friendly and warm relationships
3. power- desire to influence or control others
Self-determination theory - Answers - Assumes people are driven to try to grow and
attain fulfillment, with their behavior and well-being influenced by three innate needs:
competence, autonomy, and relatedness
focuses primarily on intrinsic motivation rewards
Competence - Answers - people need to feel qualified, knowledgeable, and capable of
completing a goal or task and to learn different skills
Autonomy - Answers - people need to feel they have freedom and the discretion to
determine what they want to do and how they want to do it
Relatedness - Answers - people need to feel a sense of belonging, of attachment to
others
