RUTGERS INTRODUCTION TO BIOCHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM
TEST BANK 2026/2027 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND STUDY
GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM APPROVED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES (RELIABLE SOLUTIONS) LATEST UPDATED
VERSION 2026 EDITION |GUARANTEED PASS A+ |INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Determine the pKa for a solution of acid containing [0.035] A⁻ and
[0.1] HA. The pH of the solution is 6.00.
A) 4.10
B) 4.30
C) 5.42
D) 6.46 (CORRECT ANSWER)
E) 6.64
Rationale: Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, pH = pKa +
log([A⁻]/[HA]). Thus, 6.00 = pKa + log(0.035/0.1) = pKa + log(0.35) =
pKa – 0.456. Therefore, pKa = 6.00 + 0.456 = 6.456 ≈ 6.46.
2. A biochemical reaction will proceed in the direction as written if:
A) ΔH < 0
B) ΔG < 0 (CORRECT ANSWER)
C) ΔG > 0
D) ΔG = zero
E) ΔH > 0
,Rationale: A reaction is thermodynamically favorable and will proceed
spontaneously in the direction written only when the change in Gibbs
free energy (ΔG) is negative.
3. The following molecule (CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH) is an example of which
class of compounds?
A) Hydrocarbon
B) Acid (CORRECT ANSWER)
C) Alcohol
D) Aldehyde
E) Ketone
Rationale: The molecule contains a carboxyl group (-COOH), which is
characteristic of carboxylic acids.
4. A thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can become favorable
when coupled to a highly endergonic reaction.
A) True
B) False (CORRECT ANSWER)
Rationale: An unfavorable reaction (positive ΔG) can be driven forward
only when coupled to a highly exergonic reaction (negative ΔG), not an
endergonic one. The overall ΔG must be negative.
5. Determine the pH of an aqueous solution that contains [OH⁻] of 2.5 ×
10⁻⁴ M.
A) 9.7
,B) 10.4 (CORRECT ANSWER)
C) 10.8
D) 8.4
E) 7.4
Rationale: pOH = -log[OH⁻] = -log(2.5 × 10⁻⁴) = 3.60. pH = 14 – pOH =
14 – 3.60 = 10.4.
6. Which of the following is NOT an example of a macromolecule?
A) Nucleic acid
B) Protein
C) Polysaccharide
D) Enzyme
E) Amino acid (CORRECT ANSWER)
Rationale: Amino acids are the monomeric building blocks of proteins,
not macromolecules themselves. Nucleic acids, proteins,
polysaccharides, and enzymes (which are proteins) are all
macromolecules.
7. The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of
genetic information are:
A) Carbohydrates
B) Lipids
C) Membranes
D) Nucleic acids (CORRECT ANSWER)
E) Proteins
, Rationale: Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are responsible for the
storage, transmission, and expression of genetic information in all living
organisms.
8. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the lysosome?
A) It functions in intracellular digestion
B) Both ER and Golgi apparatus are involved in its formation
C) It is capable of degrading most biomolecules
D) It is involved in the packaging and secretion of cell products
(CORRECT ANSWER)
E) It is involved in pathological conditions such as gout and rheumatoid
arthritis
Rationale: Packaging and secretion of cell products is a function of the
Golgi apparatus, not the lysosome. Lysosomes are involved in
degradation and recycling of cellular materials.
9. The chemical properties of organic molecules are determined by
specific arrangements of atoms called ________.
A) Structure
B) Bonds
C) Functional groups (CORRECT ANSWER)
D) Radicals
E) Molecules
Rationale: Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within
molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions
and properties of those molecules.
TEST BANK 2026/2027 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND STUDY
GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM APPROVED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES (RELIABLE SOLUTIONS) LATEST UPDATED
VERSION 2026 EDITION |GUARANTEED PASS A+ |INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Determine the pKa for a solution of acid containing [0.035] A⁻ and
[0.1] HA. The pH of the solution is 6.00.
A) 4.10
B) 4.30
C) 5.42
D) 6.46 (CORRECT ANSWER)
E) 6.64
Rationale: Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, pH = pKa +
log([A⁻]/[HA]). Thus, 6.00 = pKa + log(0.035/0.1) = pKa + log(0.35) =
pKa – 0.456. Therefore, pKa = 6.00 + 0.456 = 6.456 ≈ 6.46.
2. A biochemical reaction will proceed in the direction as written if:
A) ΔH < 0
B) ΔG < 0 (CORRECT ANSWER)
C) ΔG > 0
D) ΔG = zero
E) ΔH > 0
,Rationale: A reaction is thermodynamically favorable and will proceed
spontaneously in the direction written only when the change in Gibbs
free energy (ΔG) is negative.
3. The following molecule (CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH) is an example of which
class of compounds?
A) Hydrocarbon
B) Acid (CORRECT ANSWER)
C) Alcohol
D) Aldehyde
E) Ketone
Rationale: The molecule contains a carboxyl group (-COOH), which is
characteristic of carboxylic acids.
4. A thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can become favorable
when coupled to a highly endergonic reaction.
A) True
B) False (CORRECT ANSWER)
Rationale: An unfavorable reaction (positive ΔG) can be driven forward
only when coupled to a highly exergonic reaction (negative ΔG), not an
endergonic one. The overall ΔG must be negative.
5. Determine the pH of an aqueous solution that contains [OH⁻] of 2.5 ×
10⁻⁴ M.
A) 9.7
,B) 10.4 (CORRECT ANSWER)
C) 10.8
D) 8.4
E) 7.4
Rationale: pOH = -log[OH⁻] = -log(2.5 × 10⁻⁴) = 3.60. pH = 14 – pOH =
14 – 3.60 = 10.4.
6. Which of the following is NOT an example of a macromolecule?
A) Nucleic acid
B) Protein
C) Polysaccharide
D) Enzyme
E) Amino acid (CORRECT ANSWER)
Rationale: Amino acids are the monomeric building blocks of proteins,
not macromolecules themselves. Nucleic acids, proteins,
polysaccharides, and enzymes (which are proteins) are all
macromolecules.
7. The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of
genetic information are:
A) Carbohydrates
B) Lipids
C) Membranes
D) Nucleic acids (CORRECT ANSWER)
E) Proteins
, Rationale: Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are responsible for the
storage, transmission, and expression of genetic information in all living
organisms.
8. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the lysosome?
A) It functions in intracellular digestion
B) Both ER and Golgi apparatus are involved in its formation
C) It is capable of degrading most biomolecules
D) It is involved in the packaging and secretion of cell products
(CORRECT ANSWER)
E) It is involved in pathological conditions such as gout and rheumatoid
arthritis
Rationale: Packaging and secretion of cell products is a function of the
Golgi apparatus, not the lysosome. Lysosomes are involved in
degradation and recycling of cellular materials.
9. The chemical properties of organic molecules are determined by
specific arrangements of atoms called ________.
A) Structure
B) Bonds
C) Functional groups (CORRECT ANSWER)
D) Radicals
E) Molecules
Rationale: Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within
molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions
and properties of those molecules.
