Asthma Pathophysiology
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1. What are the primary Chronic recurring inflammation, hyperreactive airways, episodic re-
characteristics of asth- versible bronchoconstriction, and hyperresponsiveness of the tracheo-
ma? bronchial tree to various stimuli.
2. What is status asthmati- A severe asthma attack that is unremitting, lasting days to weeks, po-
cus? tentially leading to severe cyanosis and death.
3. What are the two main Extrinsic (allergic) and intrinsic (non-allergic) asthma.
types of asthma?
4. What is the most com- Extrinsic asthma, characterized by IgE mediated hypersensitivity, often
mon type of asthma and seen in childhood, with a family history and positive skin tests for
its characteristics? specific allergens.
5. What are common en- Dust mites, animal dander, cockroach droppings, mold, smoke, pollens,
vironmental triggers for fumes, and pollution.
extrinsic asthma?
6. What are the early Nasal and conjunctival discharge, vasodilation, vascular leakage,
response immunologic smooth muscle spasm, and glandular secretion.
mechanisms in asthma?
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