Pathophysiology exam 1.pdf
Pathophysiology exam 1
| Complete Exam Study
Guide, Practice Questions,
Answers & ATI Review
Material
, Pathophysiology exam 1
Pathophysiology exam 1,,,,,,.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8rprtd
1. What causes is- Ischemia: Deficit of oxygen in the cells (i.e., decreased blood flow due to vasocon-
chemia and oth- striction or vascular obstruction) (can lead to hypoxia)
er toxic injuries
that causes the What is Normal? Normally, intracellular calcium ion levels are kept extremely
accumulation of low compared with extracellular levels. This is maintained by energy-dependent
intracellular cal- calcium/magnesium-ATPase.
cium? (chapter 2
Not Normal: Ischemia and certain toxins lead to an increase in cytosolic calcium
4th edition)
because of the increased influx across the cell membrane and the release of calci-
um from intracellular stores (mitochondria and SER). The increased calcium may
activate a number of enzymes with potentially damaging effects. Phospholipases
can damage the cell membrane.
Proteases can damage the cytoskeleton and membrane proteins. ATPases can
break down ATP. Endonucleases can fragment chromatin.
2. A client with Ans: B) Cellular breakage
diabetes has
impiared sensa-
tion, circulation,
and oxygenation
of his feet. He
steps on a piece
of glass, the
wound does not
heal, and the
tissue area be-
comes necrotic.
The necrotic cell
death is charac-
terized by:
A) Rapid apopto-
, Pathophysiology exam 1
Pathophysiology exam 1,,,,,,.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8rprtd
sis
B) Cellular break-
age
C) Shrinkage and
collapse
D) Chronic in-
flammation
3. A client has Ans: D) Apoptosis
been diagnosed
with gram-neg-
ative pneuomo-
nia of the low-
er lobe. Knowing
that gram-nega-
tive bateria have
a lipopolysaccha-
ride endotoxin
on their out-
er cell mem-
brane, the health
care provider
should be as-
sessing the client
for which patho-
physiological end
result?
A) Damage to cel-
lular mitochon-
dria
B) Increased ATP
levels
, Pathophysiology exam 1
Pathophysiology exam 1,,,,,,.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8rprtd
C) Activation of
the p53 protein
D) Apoptosis
4. A client has been Ans: A, B, C
brought to the A) Release growth factors that stimulate epithelial cell growth
emergency B) Facilitate the body's ability to grow new vessels in the injured area
department with C) Remove debris from the wound
a large, gaping,
wound from a
farming
accident. The
client is critically
ill and has
required blood
products and
surgery to clean
and close the
wound. Sharing
with a student
nurse the steps
in wound
healing, the
nurse discusses
the
inflammatory
phase, stating
macrophages:
Select all that
apply.
A) Release
growth factors
Pathophysiology exam 1
| Complete Exam Study
Guide, Practice Questions,
Answers & ATI Review
Material
, Pathophysiology exam 1
Pathophysiology exam 1,,,,,,.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8rprtd
1. What causes is- Ischemia: Deficit of oxygen in the cells (i.e., decreased blood flow due to vasocon-
chemia and oth- striction or vascular obstruction) (can lead to hypoxia)
er toxic injuries
that causes the What is Normal? Normally, intracellular calcium ion levels are kept extremely
accumulation of low compared with extracellular levels. This is maintained by energy-dependent
intracellular cal- calcium/magnesium-ATPase.
cium? (chapter 2
Not Normal: Ischemia and certain toxins lead to an increase in cytosolic calcium
4th edition)
because of the increased influx across the cell membrane and the release of calci-
um from intracellular stores (mitochondria and SER). The increased calcium may
activate a number of enzymes with potentially damaging effects. Phospholipases
can damage the cell membrane.
Proteases can damage the cytoskeleton and membrane proteins. ATPases can
break down ATP. Endonucleases can fragment chromatin.
2. A client with Ans: B) Cellular breakage
diabetes has
impiared sensa-
tion, circulation,
and oxygenation
of his feet. He
steps on a piece
of glass, the
wound does not
heal, and the
tissue area be-
comes necrotic.
The necrotic cell
death is charac-
terized by:
A) Rapid apopto-
, Pathophysiology exam 1
Pathophysiology exam 1,,,,,,.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8rprtd
sis
B) Cellular break-
age
C) Shrinkage and
collapse
D) Chronic in-
flammation
3. A client has Ans: D) Apoptosis
been diagnosed
with gram-neg-
ative pneuomo-
nia of the low-
er lobe. Knowing
that gram-nega-
tive bateria have
a lipopolysaccha-
ride endotoxin
on their out-
er cell mem-
brane, the health
care provider
should be as-
sessing the client
for which patho-
physiological end
result?
A) Damage to cel-
lular mitochon-
dria
B) Increased ATP
levels
, Pathophysiology exam 1
Pathophysiology exam 1,,,,,,.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8rprtd
C) Activation of
the p53 protein
D) Apoptosis
4. A client has been Ans: A, B, C
brought to the A) Release growth factors that stimulate epithelial cell growth
emergency B) Facilitate the body's ability to grow new vessels in the injured area
department with C) Remove debris from the wound
a large, gaping,
wound from a
farming
accident. The
client is critically
ill and has
required blood
products and
surgery to clean
and close the
wound. Sharing
with a student
nurse the steps
in wound
healing, the
nurse discusses
the
inflammatory
phase, stating
macrophages:
Select all that
apply.
A) Release
growth factors
