BIOL 235 MIDTERM 2 EXAM 2026 LATEST
UPDATE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
These neurons conduct impulses from the thalamus to the primary somatosensory area
of the cortex on the same side - ANS-third-order neurons
Nerve impulses for touch, pressure, vibration, and conscious proprioception from the
limbs, trunk, neck,, and posterior head ascend to the cerebral cortex along the
__________________________ pathway - ANS-posterior column-medial lemniscus
Nerve impulses fro pain, temperature, itch, and tickles ascend to the cerebral cortex
along the ________________________ pathway - ANS-anterolateral
Nerve impulses for most somatic sensation from the face, nasal cavity, oral cavity etc,
ascend tot he cerebral cortex along the ______________________ pathway - ANS-
trigeminothalamic
The axons of the second order neurons cross tot he opposite side of the pons and
medulla and then ascend as the ____________________________ tract - ANS-
trigeminothalamic
Where is the primary somatosensory area located ? - ANS-the postcentral gyri of the
parietal lobes of the cerebral cortex
These motor pathways provide input to lower motor neurons from axons that extend
directly from the cerebral cortex - ANS-direct motor pathways
Where is the primary motor area located ? - ANS-precentral gyrus of frontal lobe
What are these the functions of ?
-play large role in initiation and termination of movements
- suppress unwanted movements
- influences muscle tone
-influences many aspects of cortical function - ANS-Basal Nuclei
What part of the CNS has these functions?
- monitoring intention for movements
-monitoring actual movement
, - comparing command signals with sensory information
- sending out corrective feedback - ANS-the cerebellum
What are the integrative functions of the cerebrum? - ANS-cerebral activities (sleep &
wakefulness), learning, memory, emotional response
For arousal to occur ____________________________________ must be stimulated -
ANS-reticular activating system
What is the deepest stage of REM sleep? - ANS-stage 4
What are the first-order neurons in the olfactory pathway? - ANS-olfactory receptor
cells
Olfactory cilia extend from the dendrites and are sites of
________________________________ - ANS-olfactory transduction
These olfactory epithelium cells provide physical support, nourishment, electrical
insulation, and help detoxify chemicals once in the olfactory epithelium - ANS-
Supporting cells
Binding of an odorant to an olfactory receptor proteins in an olfactory cilium stimulates a
membrane protein called a _________________ - ANS-G protein
The G protein activates the enzyme _____________________ to produce a substance
called cyclic adenosine monophosphate - ANS-adenylate cyclase
Which papillae do not contain taste buds? - ANS-filiform papillae
What taste threshold is the lowest? - ANS-Bitter taste
What 3 nerves play a role in the gustatory pathway? - ANS-Vagus (X) nerve,
Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve, Facial (VII) nerve
This is the thin protective mucous membrane composed of nonkeratinized stratified
squamous epithelium with numerous goblet cells that is supported by areolar connective
tissue - ANS-conjunctiva
this is a group of structures that produces and drains lacrimal fluid (tears) - ANS-
lacrimal apparatus
What is the name of the protective bactericidal enzyme that is found in lacrimal fluid? -
ANS-lysozyme
These 6 muscles are found where?
UPDATE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
These neurons conduct impulses from the thalamus to the primary somatosensory area
of the cortex on the same side - ANS-third-order neurons
Nerve impulses for touch, pressure, vibration, and conscious proprioception from the
limbs, trunk, neck,, and posterior head ascend to the cerebral cortex along the
__________________________ pathway - ANS-posterior column-medial lemniscus
Nerve impulses fro pain, temperature, itch, and tickles ascend to the cerebral cortex
along the ________________________ pathway - ANS-anterolateral
Nerve impulses for most somatic sensation from the face, nasal cavity, oral cavity etc,
ascend tot he cerebral cortex along the ______________________ pathway - ANS-
trigeminothalamic
The axons of the second order neurons cross tot he opposite side of the pons and
medulla and then ascend as the ____________________________ tract - ANS-
trigeminothalamic
Where is the primary somatosensory area located ? - ANS-the postcentral gyri of the
parietal lobes of the cerebral cortex
These motor pathways provide input to lower motor neurons from axons that extend
directly from the cerebral cortex - ANS-direct motor pathways
Where is the primary motor area located ? - ANS-precentral gyrus of frontal lobe
What are these the functions of ?
-play large role in initiation and termination of movements
- suppress unwanted movements
- influences muscle tone
-influences many aspects of cortical function - ANS-Basal Nuclei
What part of the CNS has these functions?
- monitoring intention for movements
-monitoring actual movement
, - comparing command signals with sensory information
- sending out corrective feedback - ANS-the cerebellum
What are the integrative functions of the cerebrum? - ANS-cerebral activities (sleep &
wakefulness), learning, memory, emotional response
For arousal to occur ____________________________________ must be stimulated -
ANS-reticular activating system
What is the deepest stage of REM sleep? - ANS-stage 4
What are the first-order neurons in the olfactory pathway? - ANS-olfactory receptor
cells
Olfactory cilia extend from the dendrites and are sites of
________________________________ - ANS-olfactory transduction
These olfactory epithelium cells provide physical support, nourishment, electrical
insulation, and help detoxify chemicals once in the olfactory epithelium - ANS-
Supporting cells
Binding of an odorant to an olfactory receptor proteins in an olfactory cilium stimulates a
membrane protein called a _________________ - ANS-G protein
The G protein activates the enzyme _____________________ to produce a substance
called cyclic adenosine monophosphate - ANS-adenylate cyclase
Which papillae do not contain taste buds? - ANS-filiform papillae
What taste threshold is the lowest? - ANS-Bitter taste
What 3 nerves play a role in the gustatory pathway? - ANS-Vagus (X) nerve,
Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve, Facial (VII) nerve
This is the thin protective mucous membrane composed of nonkeratinized stratified
squamous epithelium with numerous goblet cells that is supported by areolar connective
tissue - ANS-conjunctiva
this is a group of structures that produces and drains lacrimal fluid (tears) - ANS-
lacrimal apparatus
What is the name of the protective bactericidal enzyme that is found in lacrimal fluid? -
ANS-lysozyme
These 6 muscles are found where?
