CNA PRACTICE EXAM 2026 UPDATE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW VISION)
half-life - ANS-defined as the time required for half of the concentration of a
medication to be eliminated from the body.
HAMA - ANS-human anti-mouse antibody.
hemoglobin - ANS-oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells.
HEPA - ANS-high-efficiency particulate air.
hepatic - ANS-relating to liver.
hepatitis - ANS-inflammation of the liver.
hGH - ANS-human growth hormone.
HGP - ANS-human genome project.
health insurance portability and accountability act (HIPAA) - ANS-federal law with two
main components. 1) qualifying for health 2) protects the security and privacy of
health info.
HIV - ANS-human immunodeficiency virus.
health maintenance organization (HMO) - ANS-most restrictive form of MCO, which
strives to control healthcare and pharmacy costs by placing sharp limits on the
network of covered providers and on utilization of services and products.
hormone - ANS-proteins that are chemical messengers in the body.
hospice - ANS-special care setting for people who are terminally ill.
hospitallist - ANS-physician who oversees the care of patients when they are in the
hospital.
HPLC - ANS-high performance liquid chromatography.
HTN - ANS-hypertension (high blood pressure).
hydrophilic - ANS-soluble in water.
,hyrdophobic - ANS-insoluble in water.
intensive care unit (ICU) - ANS-special rooms for patients who are unstable.
IDDM - ANS-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
IDN - ANS-integrated delivery network.
IEC - ANS-independent ethic committee.
immunology - ANS-study of the body's defense mechanisms against foreign
materials that may cause disease or infection.
immunosuppressant - ANS-drug that suppresses the natural functioning of the
immune system, mainly used to reduce the chance of rejection of a transplanted
organ.
in vitro - ANS-within a glass, in a test tube, or other artificial environment.
IND - ANS-investigational new drug.
independent practice association (IPA) model - ANS-private practice.
indicated - ANS-FDA-approved for diagnosis or treatment of a symptom, risk
factor, condition, or disease.
indication - ANS-FDA-approved condition for which a medication may be marked.
inpatient care - ANS-healthcare provided in institutional settings to patients
staying for at least 24 hours.
instillation - ANS-administering a medication into a body orifice.
institutional review boards (IRBs) - ANS-committee of patient advocated, healthcare
professionals, and laypersons who protect the rights and welfare of people in
clinical trials.
intensivist - ANS-physician who specialized in oversight of patients admitted to
ICU.
intercellular - ANS-between cells.
intern - ANS-physician in training in the first year after graduating medical school.
internist - ANS-physician who practices internal medicines.
,intraceullular - ANS-within cells.
IRB - ANS-independent review board.
ischemia - ANS-low supply of oxygen due to low blood flow.
ISO - ANS-international organization for standardization.
isomer drugs - ANS-compounds with the same molecular formula that differ in
structure.
kinase - ANS-enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group.
label - ANS-FDA-approved info about a medication.
LAL - ANS-limulus ameboctye lysate.
large molecule - ANS-synonym for biological compounds. usually injected.
launch - ANS-initial entry of a drug into the marketplace.
LD - ANS-lethal dose.
LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol - ANS-"bad" cholesterol that is carried into
the blood and is the main cause of harmful fatty buildup in arteries. increase risk
of heart disease.
lead - ANS-treatment idea that has shown enough promise to warrant being
explored further.
lifestyle drugs - ANS-term used for drugs that enhance quality of life.
ligand - ANS-molecule that binds to another molecule.
ligase - ANS-enzyme involved in DNA replication.
limulus amebocyte lysate - ANS-reagent for determining the quantity of bacterial
endotoxins.
lipsome - ANS-spherical vesicle formed by a lipid enclosing of an aqueous part.
loading dose - ANS-initial dose of medication that will provide the necessary
plasma concentration levels for therapeutic benefit.
log p - ANS-logarithmic function of the partition coefficient.
, lupus erythematosus - ANS-chronic inflammatory disease of connective tissue,
affection the skin and internal organs.
lymphoma - ANS-malignant tumor of lymph nodes.
MA - ANS-marketing authorization.
MAb - ANS-monoclonal antibody.
MAC - ANS-maximum allowable carryover.
maintenance dose - ANS-dose of medication that keeps/maintains the necessary
plasma concentration levels for therapeutic benefit.
managed care. - ANS-private health insurance sector made up of organizations that
emphasize controls to ensure cost-effective care.
maximum effect dose - ANS-lowest dose of medication that will provide the maximum
therapeutic benefit.
MCB - ANS-master cell bank.
MCG - ANS-microgram (0.001 mg of 1/1,000 mg).
mechanism of action - ANS-method by which a medication produces its therapeutic
effects.
medicaid - ANS-health insurance program.
medical devices - ANS-used in diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of diseases or
conditions, or to affect the structure or function of the body.
medical marketing association - ANS-non-profit organization whose membership
consists of marketing professionals from the pharmaceutical, medical device, and
diagnostic industries.
medical science liaisons (MSLs) - ANS-healthcare professionals in a pharmaceutical
company who work closely with key opinion leaders in relevant therapeutic areas to
share findings on clinical trails.
medicare part A - ANS-known as the hospital insurance component of medicare. part A
pays for inpatient hospitals.
medicare part B - ANS-known as the hospital insurance component of medicare. part B
pays for physician services provided outside the hospitals.
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW VISION)
half-life - ANS-defined as the time required for half of the concentration of a
medication to be eliminated from the body.
HAMA - ANS-human anti-mouse antibody.
hemoglobin - ANS-oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells.
HEPA - ANS-high-efficiency particulate air.
hepatic - ANS-relating to liver.
hepatitis - ANS-inflammation of the liver.
hGH - ANS-human growth hormone.
HGP - ANS-human genome project.
health insurance portability and accountability act (HIPAA) - ANS-federal law with two
main components. 1) qualifying for health 2) protects the security and privacy of
health info.
HIV - ANS-human immunodeficiency virus.
health maintenance organization (HMO) - ANS-most restrictive form of MCO, which
strives to control healthcare and pharmacy costs by placing sharp limits on the
network of covered providers and on utilization of services and products.
hormone - ANS-proteins that are chemical messengers in the body.
hospice - ANS-special care setting for people who are terminally ill.
hospitallist - ANS-physician who oversees the care of patients when they are in the
hospital.
HPLC - ANS-high performance liquid chromatography.
HTN - ANS-hypertension (high blood pressure).
hydrophilic - ANS-soluble in water.
,hyrdophobic - ANS-insoluble in water.
intensive care unit (ICU) - ANS-special rooms for patients who are unstable.
IDDM - ANS-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
IDN - ANS-integrated delivery network.
IEC - ANS-independent ethic committee.
immunology - ANS-study of the body's defense mechanisms against foreign
materials that may cause disease or infection.
immunosuppressant - ANS-drug that suppresses the natural functioning of the
immune system, mainly used to reduce the chance of rejection of a transplanted
organ.
in vitro - ANS-within a glass, in a test tube, or other artificial environment.
IND - ANS-investigational new drug.
independent practice association (IPA) model - ANS-private practice.
indicated - ANS-FDA-approved for diagnosis or treatment of a symptom, risk
factor, condition, or disease.
indication - ANS-FDA-approved condition for which a medication may be marked.
inpatient care - ANS-healthcare provided in institutional settings to patients
staying for at least 24 hours.
instillation - ANS-administering a medication into a body orifice.
institutional review boards (IRBs) - ANS-committee of patient advocated, healthcare
professionals, and laypersons who protect the rights and welfare of people in
clinical trials.
intensivist - ANS-physician who specialized in oversight of patients admitted to
ICU.
intercellular - ANS-between cells.
intern - ANS-physician in training in the first year after graduating medical school.
internist - ANS-physician who practices internal medicines.
,intraceullular - ANS-within cells.
IRB - ANS-independent review board.
ischemia - ANS-low supply of oxygen due to low blood flow.
ISO - ANS-international organization for standardization.
isomer drugs - ANS-compounds with the same molecular formula that differ in
structure.
kinase - ANS-enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group.
label - ANS-FDA-approved info about a medication.
LAL - ANS-limulus ameboctye lysate.
large molecule - ANS-synonym for biological compounds. usually injected.
launch - ANS-initial entry of a drug into the marketplace.
LD - ANS-lethal dose.
LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol - ANS-"bad" cholesterol that is carried into
the blood and is the main cause of harmful fatty buildup in arteries. increase risk
of heart disease.
lead - ANS-treatment idea that has shown enough promise to warrant being
explored further.
lifestyle drugs - ANS-term used for drugs that enhance quality of life.
ligand - ANS-molecule that binds to another molecule.
ligase - ANS-enzyme involved in DNA replication.
limulus amebocyte lysate - ANS-reagent for determining the quantity of bacterial
endotoxins.
lipsome - ANS-spherical vesicle formed by a lipid enclosing of an aqueous part.
loading dose - ANS-initial dose of medication that will provide the necessary
plasma concentration levels for therapeutic benefit.
log p - ANS-logarithmic function of the partition coefficient.
, lupus erythematosus - ANS-chronic inflammatory disease of connective tissue,
affection the skin and internal organs.
lymphoma - ANS-malignant tumor of lymph nodes.
MA - ANS-marketing authorization.
MAb - ANS-monoclonal antibody.
MAC - ANS-maximum allowable carryover.
maintenance dose - ANS-dose of medication that keeps/maintains the necessary
plasma concentration levels for therapeutic benefit.
managed care. - ANS-private health insurance sector made up of organizations that
emphasize controls to ensure cost-effective care.
maximum effect dose - ANS-lowest dose of medication that will provide the maximum
therapeutic benefit.
MCB - ANS-master cell bank.
MCG - ANS-microgram (0.001 mg of 1/1,000 mg).
mechanism of action - ANS-method by which a medication produces its therapeutic
effects.
medicaid - ANS-health insurance program.
medical devices - ANS-used in diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of diseases or
conditions, or to affect the structure or function of the body.
medical marketing association - ANS-non-profit organization whose membership
consists of marketing professionals from the pharmaceutical, medical device, and
diagnostic industries.
medical science liaisons (MSLs) - ANS-healthcare professionals in a pharmaceutical
company who work closely with key opinion leaders in relevant therapeutic areas to
share findings on clinical trails.
medicare part A - ANS-known as the hospital insurance component of medicare. part A
pays for inpatient hospitals.
medicare part B - ANS-known as the hospital insurance component of medicare. part B
pays for physician services provided outside the hospitals.
