NU 155 Exam 2 Medical-Surgical Nursing
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A nurse is caring for a client with a serum potassium level of 3.0
mEq/L. Which of the following ECG changes should the nurse
anticipate?
A. Peaked T waves
B. Prominent U waves
C. Wide QRS complex
D. ST segment elevation
Answer: B. Prominent U waves
Rationale: A serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L indicates
hypokalemia. Expected ECG changes for hypokalemia include
flattening of the T wave, presence of a U wave, and ST segment
depression. Peaked T waves and wide QRS complexes are associated
with hyperkalemia.
The physician orders 1,000 mL of 0.9% Normal Saline to be infused
over 8 hours. The IV drop factor is 15 gtt/mL. What is the correct
flow rate in drops per minute (gtt/min)?
A. 31 gtt/min
B. 42 gtt/min
C. 48 gtt/min
D. 60 gtt/min
Answer: A. 31 gtt/min
Rationale: The formula is (Volume × Drop factor) / Time in minutes.
(1000 mL × 15 gtt/mL) / (8 hours × 60 mins) = 15, =
31.25, which rounds to 31 gtt/min.
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with severe
dehydration. Which IV fluid would the nurse question due to the
high risk of causing fluid volume excess?
A. 0.45% Normal Saline
B. 0.9% Normal Saline
C. Lactated Ringer's
, D. 3% Normal Saline
Answer: D. 3% Normal Saline
Rationale: 3% Normal Saline is a hypertonic solution. It pulls fluid
into the intravascular space, which could easily precipitate fluid
volume excess and pulmonary edema in a client with a history of
heart failure.
A client is admitted with a serum sodium level of 152 mEq/L. Which
clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to assess?
A. Muscle cramps
B. Dry, sticky mucous membranes
C. Decreased level of consciousness
D. Hypotension
Answer: B. Dry, sticky mucous membranes
Rationale: A sodium level of 152 mEq/L indicates hypernatremia.
Symptoms of hypernatremia include intense thirst, dry and sticky
mucous membranes, flushed skin, and agitation. Muscle cramps and
hypotension are signs of hyponatremia.
A nurse is caring for a client with respiratory acidosis. Which of the
following arterial blood gas (ABG) values is consistent with this
condition?
A. pH 7.50, PaCO2 30 mmHg
B. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg
C. pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mmHg
D. pH 7.48, HCO3 30 mEq/L
Answer: B. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH (less
than 7.35) and a high PaCO2 (greater than 45 mmHg). Option A is
respiratory alkalosis, Option C is normal, and Option D is metabolic
alkalosis.
A client receiving continuous nasogastric suctioning is at risk for
which acid-base imbalance?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
I PDF | Galen Questions and Verified
Answers,
With rationales 2026\2027 update
This Exam contains:
Guarantee passing score
Questions and Ansẉers
format set of multiple-choice
Expert-Verified rationales
Verified ẉith trusted textbooks
,───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─
A nurse is caring for a client with a serum potassium level of 3.0
mEq/L. Which of the following ECG changes should the nurse
anticipate?
A. Peaked T waves
B. Prominent U waves
C. Wide QRS complex
D. ST segment elevation
Answer: B. Prominent U waves
Rationale: A serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L indicates
hypokalemia. Expected ECG changes for hypokalemia include
flattening of the T wave, presence of a U wave, and ST segment
depression. Peaked T waves and wide QRS complexes are associated
with hyperkalemia.
The physician orders 1,000 mL of 0.9% Normal Saline to be infused
over 8 hours. The IV drop factor is 15 gtt/mL. What is the correct
flow rate in drops per minute (gtt/min)?
A. 31 gtt/min
B. 42 gtt/min
C. 48 gtt/min
D. 60 gtt/min
Answer: A. 31 gtt/min
Rationale: The formula is (Volume × Drop factor) / Time in minutes.
(1000 mL × 15 gtt/mL) / (8 hours × 60 mins) = 15, =
31.25, which rounds to 31 gtt/min.
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with severe
dehydration. Which IV fluid would the nurse question due to the
high risk of causing fluid volume excess?
A. 0.45% Normal Saline
B. 0.9% Normal Saline
C. Lactated Ringer's
, D. 3% Normal Saline
Answer: D. 3% Normal Saline
Rationale: 3% Normal Saline is a hypertonic solution. It pulls fluid
into the intravascular space, which could easily precipitate fluid
volume excess and pulmonary edema in a client with a history of
heart failure.
A client is admitted with a serum sodium level of 152 mEq/L. Which
clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to assess?
A. Muscle cramps
B. Dry, sticky mucous membranes
C. Decreased level of consciousness
D. Hypotension
Answer: B. Dry, sticky mucous membranes
Rationale: A sodium level of 152 mEq/L indicates hypernatremia.
Symptoms of hypernatremia include intense thirst, dry and sticky
mucous membranes, flushed skin, and agitation. Muscle cramps and
hypotension are signs of hyponatremia.
A nurse is caring for a client with respiratory acidosis. Which of the
following arterial blood gas (ABG) values is consistent with this
condition?
A. pH 7.50, PaCO2 30 mmHg
B. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg
C. pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mmHg
D. pH 7.48, HCO3 30 mEq/L
Answer: B. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH (less
than 7.35) and a high PaCO2 (greater than 45 mmHg). Option A is
respiratory alkalosis, Option C is normal, and Option D is metabolic
alkalosis.
A client receiving continuous nasogastric suctioning is at risk for
which acid-base imbalance?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
