NUR 350 Exam 2 – Questions With Right Solutions
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Terms in this set (276)
Diuretics Medications that promote the excretion of water and
solutes by blocking the reabsorption of sodium and
chloride in the nephron.
Kidney Function The kidneys filter metabolic waste and foreign
substances through filtration, reabsorption, and
secretion.
Loop Diuretics Diuretics that block sodium and chloride reabsorption in
the ascending loop of Henle, leading to significant
diuresis.
,Thiazide Diuretics Diuretics that increase excretion of sodium, chloride,
potassium, and water by the kidneys; less potent than
loop diuretics.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics Diuretics that block aldosterone receptors in the distal
nephron, causing retention of potassium and excretion
of sodium.
Osmotic Diuretics Diuretics that cause diuresis by osmosis, shifting fluid
from tissues into circulation to be excreted by the
kidneys.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Less commonly used diuretics, indicated for metabolic
alkalosis and altitude sickness.
Furosemide/Lasix A loop diuretic used for pulmonary edema, generalized
edema, and hypertension; can be administered orally or
intravenously.
Hypokalemia A common side effect of diuretics characterized by low
potassium levels, often requiring potassium
supplementation.
Ototoxicity A potential side effect of loop diuretics, especially with
rapid IV administration, which can damage ear nerves.
Hydrochlorothiazide/HCTZ A thiazide diuretic primarily used for hypertension,
edema, and diabetes insipidus.
Hyperkalemia A main side effect of potassium-sparing diuretics
characterized by high potassium levels.
, Mannitol An osmotic diuretic that can cross the blood-brain
barrier to reduce intracranial pressure and cerebral
edema.
Digoxin Toxicity Increased risk when potassium levels are low due to the
use of loop or thiazide diuretics.
Dehydration A potential side effect of diuretics that requires
monitoring for signs and symptoms.
NSAIDs Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that may reduce
the effectiveness of thiazide diuretics by decreasing
renal perfusion.
Potassium Range Normal potassium levels are typically between 3.5-5
mEq/L, which may vary slightly by lab.
Signs of Hyperkalemia Symptoms to watch for in patients on potassium-sparing
diuretics, especially if they are also taking potassium
supplements.
Fluid Volume Diuretics help maintain fluid volume, electrolyte
balance, and acid-base balance in the body.
Electrolyte Imbalances Conditions that may arise from the use of diuretics,
requiring careful monitoring.
Administration of Lasix Should be done slowly intravenously to reduce the risk
of ototoxicity.
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Terms in this set (276)
Diuretics Medications that promote the excretion of water and
solutes by blocking the reabsorption of sodium and
chloride in the nephron.
Kidney Function The kidneys filter metabolic waste and foreign
substances through filtration, reabsorption, and
secretion.
Loop Diuretics Diuretics that block sodium and chloride reabsorption in
the ascending loop of Henle, leading to significant
diuresis.
,Thiazide Diuretics Diuretics that increase excretion of sodium, chloride,
potassium, and water by the kidneys; less potent than
loop diuretics.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics Diuretics that block aldosterone receptors in the distal
nephron, causing retention of potassium and excretion
of sodium.
Osmotic Diuretics Diuretics that cause diuresis by osmosis, shifting fluid
from tissues into circulation to be excreted by the
kidneys.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Less commonly used diuretics, indicated for metabolic
alkalosis and altitude sickness.
Furosemide/Lasix A loop diuretic used for pulmonary edema, generalized
edema, and hypertension; can be administered orally or
intravenously.
Hypokalemia A common side effect of diuretics characterized by low
potassium levels, often requiring potassium
supplementation.
Ototoxicity A potential side effect of loop diuretics, especially with
rapid IV administration, which can damage ear nerves.
Hydrochlorothiazide/HCTZ A thiazide diuretic primarily used for hypertension,
edema, and diabetes insipidus.
Hyperkalemia A main side effect of potassium-sparing diuretics
characterized by high potassium levels.
, Mannitol An osmotic diuretic that can cross the blood-brain
barrier to reduce intracranial pressure and cerebral
edema.
Digoxin Toxicity Increased risk when potassium levels are low due to the
use of loop or thiazide diuretics.
Dehydration A potential side effect of diuretics that requires
monitoring for signs and symptoms.
NSAIDs Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that may reduce
the effectiveness of thiazide diuretics by decreasing
renal perfusion.
Potassium Range Normal potassium levels are typically between 3.5-5
mEq/L, which may vary slightly by lab.
Signs of Hyperkalemia Symptoms to watch for in patients on potassium-sparing
diuretics, especially if they are also taking potassium
supplements.
Fluid Volume Diuretics help maintain fluid volume, electrolyte
balance, and acid-base balance in the body.
Electrolyte Imbalances Conditions that may arise from the use of diuretics,
requiring careful monitoring.
Administration of Lasix Should be done slowly intravenously to reduce the risk
of ototoxicity.
