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NGN MED SURG: HEPATIC AND BILLARY NCLEX EXAM 2026 70+ COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED A+ GRADE ASSURED!!!!! NEW LATEST UPDATE!!!!

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NGN MED SURG: HEPATIC AND BILLARY NCLEX EXAM 2026 70+ COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED A+ GRADE ASSURED!!!!! NEW LATEST UPDATE!!!!

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FINAL EXAMINATION PAPER dd dd




dd NGN MED SURG EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERS
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STUDENT NAME: ________________________________ dd dd DATE: _____________ dd




COURSE: Hepatic & Biliary NCLEX Questions dd dd dd dd dd TIME: _____________ dd




EXAM CODE: NGN MED SURG EXAM QUESTIONS ANSW
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ERS-101




EXAM INSTRUCTIONS: dd



1. Print your full name and date clearly in the header above.
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2. This exam booklet contains both Test Questions (Part I) and Verified Solutions (Part II).
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3. Answer all multiple-choice questions clearly. Double-check your work.
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4. Do not break the seal or open this booklet until instructed to do so by the proctor.
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Q1. The nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis. Which assessment findings indicate that th
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e client has deficient vitamin K absorption caused by this hepatic disease?
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A) Ascites and orthopnea
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B) Dyspnea and fatigue
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C) Purpura and petechiae
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D) Gynecomastia and testicular atrophy
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[Verified Solution]: C) Purpura and petechiae A hepatic disorder, such as cirrhosis, may disrupt the li
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ver's normal use of vitamin K to produce prothrombin (a clotting factor). Consequently, the nurse shoul
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d monitor the client for signs of bleeding, including purpura and petechiae. Dyspnea and fatigue suggest
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anemia. Ascites and orthopnea are unrelated to vitamin K absorption. Gynecomastia and testicular atrop
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hy result from decreased estrogen metabolism by the diseased liver.
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Q2. A client with pancreatitis is admitted to the medical intensive care unit. Which nursing in
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tervention is most appropriate? dd dd dd



A) Providing the client with plenty of P.O. fluids
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B) Reserving an antecubital site for a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
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C) Limiting I.V. fluid intake according to the physician's order
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D) Providing generous servings at mealtime
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[Verified Solution]: B) Reserving an antecubital site for a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
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dPancreatitis treatment typically involves resting the GI tract by maintaining nothing-by-
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mouth status. The nurse should reserve the antecubital site for a PICC, which enables the client to recei
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ve long- dd



term total parenteral nutrition. Clients in the acute stages of pancreatitis also require large volumes of I.
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V. fluids to compensate for fluid loss.
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,Q3. A client has an elevated serum ammonia concentration and is exhibiting changes in ment
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al status. The nurse should suspect which condition?
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A) Portal hypertension
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B) Asterixis
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C) Cirrhosis
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D) Hepatic encephalopathy
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[Verified Solution]: D) Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatic encephalopathy is a central nervous system dy
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sfunction resulting from liver disease. It is frequently associated with an elevated ammonia concentratio
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n that produces changes in mental status, altered level of consciousness, and coma. Portal hypertension i
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s an elevated pressure in the portal circulation resulting from obstruction of venous flow into and throug
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h the liver. Asterixis is an involuntary flapping movement of the hands associated with metabolic liver
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dysfunction.




Q4. Which enzyme aids in the digestion of fats?
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A) Amylase
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B) Secretin
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C) Lipase
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D) Trypsin
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[Verified Solution]: C) Lipase Lipase is a pancreatic enzyme that aids in the digestion of fats. Amylas
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e aids in the digestion of carbohydrates. Secretin is responsible for stimulating secretion of pancreatic ju
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ice. Trypsin aids in the digestion of protein.
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Q5. When performing a physical examination on a client with cirrhosis, a nurse notices that t
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he client's abdomen is enlarged. Which of the following interventions should the nurse conside
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r?
A) Provide the client with nonprescription laxatives.
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B) Ask the client about food intake.
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C) Measure abdominal girth according to a set routine.
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D) Report the condition to the physician immediately.
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[Verified Solution]: C) Measure abdominal girth according to a set routine. If the abdomen appears en
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larged, the nurse measures it according to a set routine. The nurse reports any change in mental status o
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r signs of gastrointestinal bleeding immediately. It is not essential for the client to take laxatives unless
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prescribed. The client's food intake does not affect the size of the abdomen in case of cirrhosis.
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Q6. A client being treated for pancreatitis faces the risk of atelectasis. Which of the following
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interventions would be important to implement to minimize this risk?
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A) Reposition the client every 2 hours.
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B) Withhold oral feedings for the client.
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C) Monitor pulse oximetry every hour.
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D) Instruct the client to avoid coughing.
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[Verified Solution]: A) Reposition the client every 2 hours. Repositioning the client every 2 hours min
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imizes the risk of atelectasis in a client who is being treated for pancreatitis. The client should be instru
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, cted to cough every 2 hours to reduce atelectasis. Monitoring the pulse oximetry helps show changes in
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respiratory status and promote early intervention, but it would do little to minimize the risk of atelectasi
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s. Withholding oral feedings limits the reflux of bile and duodenal contents into the pancreatic duct.
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Q7. A preoperative client scheduled to have an open cholecystectomy says to the nurse, "The
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doctor said that after surgery, I will have a tube in my nose that goes into my stomach. Why d
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o I need that?" What most common reason for a client having a nasogastric tube in place afte
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r abdominal surgery should the nurse include in a response?
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A) lavage
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B) gavage
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C) decompression
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D) instillation
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[Verified Solution]: C) decompression Negative pressure exerted through a tube inserted in the stomac
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h removes secretions and gaseous substances from the stomach, preventing abdominal distention, nausea
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, and vomiting. Instillations in a nasogastric tube after surgery are done when necessary to promote pate
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ncy; this is not the most common purpose of a nasogastric tube after surgery. Gavage is contraindicated
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dafter abdominal surgery until peristalsis returns. Lavage after surgery may be done to promote hemostas
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is in the presence of gastric bleeding, but this is not the most common purpose of a nasogastric tube aft
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er surgery.
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Q8. A client comes to the ED with severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The physicia
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n plans to rule out acute pancreatitis. The nurse would expect the diagnosis to be confirmed b
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y an elevated result on which laboratory test?
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A) Serum bilirubin
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B) Serum calcium
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C) Serum potassium
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D) Serum amylase
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[Verified Solution]: D) Serum amylase Serum amylase and lipase concentrations are used to make the
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ddiagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Serum amylase and lipase concentrations are elevated within 24 hours o
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f the onset of symptoms. Serum amylase usually returns to normal within 48 to 72 hours, but the serum
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dlipase concentration may remain elevated for a longer period, often days longer than amylase. Urinary a
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mylase concentrations also become elevated and remain elevated longer than serum amylase concentrati
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ons.




Q9. The physician has written the following orders for a new client admitted with pancreatitis
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: bed rest, nothing by mouth (NPO), and administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) .
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Which does the nurse attribute as the reason for NPO status?
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A) To aid opening up of pancreatic duct
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B) To drain the pancreatic bed
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C) To prevent the occurrence of fibrosis
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D) To avoid inflammation of the pancreas
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[Verified Solution]: D) To avoid inflammation of the pancreas Pancreatic secretion is increased by foo
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d and fluid intake and may cause inflammation of the pancreas.
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