Comprehensive Numbered Study Guide
Containing Every Question, Complete Answer,
and Clearly Identified Correct Answer for
Effective Examination Preparation
1. How is the amygdala part of the brain involved in anxiety?
Amygdala is in the center of the brain near the hippocampus.
Correct Answer: Amygdala is in the center of the brain near the
hippocampus.
The amygdala rates the importance of an emotional event and
activates the hippocampus accordingly.
Determines whether there will be a fear response and initiates your
flight or flight response that helps you respond to a perceived
threat.
When this response remains switched on and there is no danger, or
gets switched on too easily, that is when it becomes an anxiety
disorder. Then you can have an initiation of the flight or fight
when memories or emotions occur.
The amygdala sends a response to the hypothalamus, which
activates the pituitary and it activates the adrenal gland which
secretes hormones (adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol).
2. What are neurotransmitters involved in depression?
Monoamine neurotransmitters are responsible for depression which
are: serotonin, norepinephrine & dopamine.
,Correct Answer: Monoamine neurotransmitters are responsible
for depression which are: serotonin, norepinephrine & dopamine.
3. Which neurotransmitters are associated with
antipsychotics?
The FGA's block dopamine.
Correct Answer: The FGA's block dopamine.
The SGA's block dopamine and 5HT.
Some have affinity for histamine and alpha 1 adrenergic receptors.
4. What is a common mistake leading to unsuccessful
antidepressant drug trial?
Not giving it enough time.
Correct Answer: Not giving it enough time.
5. Major depression is?
5 or more of the following symptoms in the same 2-week period
with at least 1 being depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure.
Correct Answer: 5 or more of the following symptoms in the
same 2-week period with at least 1 being depressed mood or loss
of interest or pleasure.
SIGECAPS
S: Sleep changes.
I: interest loss.
G: Guilt or worthlessness.
E: Energy lack.
,C: Concentration /cognition reduced.
A: Appetite usually declined.
P: Psychomotor retardation.
S: Suicidal or homicidal ideation.
6. Dysthymia is?
Persistent depressive symptoms lasting 2 years.
Correct Answer: Persistent depressive symptoms lasting 2 years.
7. What role does serotonin have in the different aspect of
depression?
Serotonin regulates mood, sleep, appetite, pain, sex, instincts.
Correct Answer: Serotonin regulates mood, sleep, appetite, pain,
sex, instincts.
Too much or too little can cause depression or apathy.
8. What is the patient education to any patient starting an
antidepressant?
Takes 2-6 weeks to see a response
Correct Answer: Takes 2-6 weeks to see a response
* Can increase suicidal ideation
* SE: sexual dysfunction, GI upset, activation, sedation, insomnia,
headaches
* Serotonin syndrome -
* Do not abruptly stop medication, it must be slowly titrated down
, 9. What is serotonin syndrome?
Serotonin syndrome - abdominal pain, diarrhea, flushing,
diaphoresis, hyperthermia, mental status changes. renal failure,
rhabdomyolysis, cardiovascular shock, death
Correct Answer: Serotonin syndrome - abdominal pain, diarrhea,
flushing, diaphoresis, hyperthermia, mental status changes. renal
failure, rhabdomyolysis, cardiovascular shock, death
10. Which of the SSRIs has an indication for the treatment of
bulimia to decrease binging patterns?
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Correct Answer: Fluoxetine (Prozac)
11. Mechanism and action of SSRI:
- inhibit the reuptake of serotonin, thereby increasing serotonin
activity; have little effect on other neurotransmitters, such as
dopamine or norepinephrine
Correct Answer: - inhibit the reuptake of serotonin, thereby
increasing serotonin activity; have little effect on other
neurotransmitters, such as dopamine or norepinephrine
12. Mechanism and action of SNRI:
-inhibit the reuptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin and
norepinephrine, which increases extracellular concentrations of
serotonin and norepinephrine and, consequently, an increase in
neurotransmission.
Correct Answer: -inhibit the reuptake of the neurotransmitters
serotonin and norepinephrine, which increases extracellular
Containing Every Question, Complete Answer,
and Clearly Identified Correct Answer for
Effective Examination Preparation
1. How is the amygdala part of the brain involved in anxiety?
Amygdala is in the center of the brain near the hippocampus.
Correct Answer: Amygdala is in the center of the brain near the
hippocampus.
The amygdala rates the importance of an emotional event and
activates the hippocampus accordingly.
Determines whether there will be a fear response and initiates your
flight or flight response that helps you respond to a perceived
threat.
When this response remains switched on and there is no danger, or
gets switched on too easily, that is when it becomes an anxiety
disorder. Then you can have an initiation of the flight or fight
when memories or emotions occur.
The amygdala sends a response to the hypothalamus, which
activates the pituitary and it activates the adrenal gland which
secretes hormones (adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol).
2. What are neurotransmitters involved in depression?
Monoamine neurotransmitters are responsible for depression which
are: serotonin, norepinephrine & dopamine.
,Correct Answer: Monoamine neurotransmitters are responsible
for depression which are: serotonin, norepinephrine & dopamine.
3. Which neurotransmitters are associated with
antipsychotics?
The FGA's block dopamine.
Correct Answer: The FGA's block dopamine.
The SGA's block dopamine and 5HT.
Some have affinity for histamine and alpha 1 adrenergic receptors.
4. What is a common mistake leading to unsuccessful
antidepressant drug trial?
Not giving it enough time.
Correct Answer: Not giving it enough time.
5. Major depression is?
5 or more of the following symptoms in the same 2-week period
with at least 1 being depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure.
Correct Answer: 5 or more of the following symptoms in the
same 2-week period with at least 1 being depressed mood or loss
of interest or pleasure.
SIGECAPS
S: Sleep changes.
I: interest loss.
G: Guilt or worthlessness.
E: Energy lack.
,C: Concentration /cognition reduced.
A: Appetite usually declined.
P: Psychomotor retardation.
S: Suicidal or homicidal ideation.
6. Dysthymia is?
Persistent depressive symptoms lasting 2 years.
Correct Answer: Persistent depressive symptoms lasting 2 years.
7. What role does serotonin have in the different aspect of
depression?
Serotonin regulates mood, sleep, appetite, pain, sex, instincts.
Correct Answer: Serotonin regulates mood, sleep, appetite, pain,
sex, instincts.
Too much or too little can cause depression or apathy.
8. What is the patient education to any patient starting an
antidepressant?
Takes 2-6 weeks to see a response
Correct Answer: Takes 2-6 weeks to see a response
* Can increase suicidal ideation
* SE: sexual dysfunction, GI upset, activation, sedation, insomnia,
headaches
* Serotonin syndrome -
* Do not abruptly stop medication, it must be slowly titrated down
, 9. What is serotonin syndrome?
Serotonin syndrome - abdominal pain, diarrhea, flushing,
diaphoresis, hyperthermia, mental status changes. renal failure,
rhabdomyolysis, cardiovascular shock, death
Correct Answer: Serotonin syndrome - abdominal pain, diarrhea,
flushing, diaphoresis, hyperthermia, mental status changes. renal
failure, rhabdomyolysis, cardiovascular shock, death
10. Which of the SSRIs has an indication for the treatment of
bulimia to decrease binging patterns?
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Correct Answer: Fluoxetine (Prozac)
11. Mechanism and action of SSRI:
- inhibit the reuptake of serotonin, thereby increasing serotonin
activity; have little effect on other neurotransmitters, such as
dopamine or norepinephrine
Correct Answer: - inhibit the reuptake of serotonin, thereby
increasing serotonin activity; have little effect on other
neurotransmitters, such as dopamine or norepinephrine
12. Mechanism and action of SNRI:
-inhibit the reuptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin and
norepinephrine, which increases extracellular concentrations of
serotonin and norepinephrine and, consequently, an increase in
neurotransmission.
Correct Answer: -inhibit the reuptake of the neurotransmitters
serotonin and norepinephrine, which increases extracellular
