ANCC AGPCNP Non-Clinical
Terms Questions and Correct
Answers
Question 1
Which of the following represents the highest level of evidence in the evidence
hierarchy?
A. Expert Opinions/Editorials
B. Cohort Study
C. Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
D. Meta-analysis
Correct Answer: D
Rational: The Level of Evidence Hierarchy ranks meta-analysis at the highest level
(Level 1) because it systematically combines and analyzes data from multiple
studies. The hierarchy is: 1. Meta-analysis, 2. Systematic Review, 3. Randomized
Controlled Trial (RCT), 4. Experiment, 5. Cohort Study, 6. Case Reports/Series, 7.
Expert Opinions/Editorials.
Question 2
What is the correct order of the Level of Evidence Hierarchy from highest to lowest?
,A. Meta-analysis, Systematic Review, RCT, Experiment, Cohort Study, Case
Reports/Series, Expert Opinions
B. RCT, Meta-analysis, Systematic Review, Cohort Study, Experiment, Case
Reports, Expert Opinions
C. Expert Opinions, Case Reports, Cohort Study, RCT, Systematic Review, Meta-
analysis
D. Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, RCT, Cohort Study, Experiment, Case
Reports, Expert Opinions
Correct Answer: A
Rational: The correct hierarchy from highest to lowest evidence is: 1. Meta-
analysis, 2. Systematic Review, 3. Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), 4.
Experiment, 5. Cohort Study, 6. Case Reports/Series, 7. Expert Opinions/Editorials.
Question 3
A study that follows a group of individuals with a particular condition over time to
determine outcomes is called a:
A. Cross-sectional study
B. Cohort study
C. Case study
D. Randomized controlled trial
Correct Answer: B
Rational: A cohort study follows individuals with a particular condition over a
period of time to observe outcomes. Cross-sectional studies evaluate at a single
point in time.
,Question 4
Which research design is best to evaluate the performance of a diagnostic test?
A. Cohort study
B. Randomized controlled trial
C. Cross-sectional study
D. Longitudinal design
Correct Answer: C
Rational: Cross-sectional studies describe and measure the interrelationships
among characteristics of a population at a single point in time and are the best
designs to evaluate a diagnostic test.
Question 5
The measure of the spread or dispersion of a set of data from the average is called
the:
A. P-value
B. Confidence interval
C. Standard deviation
D. Mean
Correct Answer: C
Rational: Standard deviation measures the spread or dispersion of a set of data
from the average (mean).
, Question 6
What does a p-value represent in research?
A. The reliability of an estimate
B. The measure of spread of data
C. The probability of error involved in accepting observed results
D. The difference between two group means
Correct Answer: C
Rational: A p-value represents the probability of error involved in accepting the
observed results as a valid representative of the population. It indicates the
statistical significance of a hypothesis.
Question 7
Which statistical measure determines the reliability of an estimate?
A. P-value
B. Standard deviation
C. Confidence interval
D. Mean
Correct Answer: C
Rational: A confidence interval measures the reliability of an estimate. With
defined limits at each end, it specifies the probability of including the parameter
being estimated.
Terms Questions and Correct
Answers
Question 1
Which of the following represents the highest level of evidence in the evidence
hierarchy?
A. Expert Opinions/Editorials
B. Cohort Study
C. Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
D. Meta-analysis
Correct Answer: D
Rational: The Level of Evidence Hierarchy ranks meta-analysis at the highest level
(Level 1) because it systematically combines and analyzes data from multiple
studies. The hierarchy is: 1. Meta-analysis, 2. Systematic Review, 3. Randomized
Controlled Trial (RCT), 4. Experiment, 5. Cohort Study, 6. Case Reports/Series, 7.
Expert Opinions/Editorials.
Question 2
What is the correct order of the Level of Evidence Hierarchy from highest to lowest?
,A. Meta-analysis, Systematic Review, RCT, Experiment, Cohort Study, Case
Reports/Series, Expert Opinions
B. RCT, Meta-analysis, Systematic Review, Cohort Study, Experiment, Case
Reports, Expert Opinions
C. Expert Opinions, Case Reports, Cohort Study, RCT, Systematic Review, Meta-
analysis
D. Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, RCT, Cohort Study, Experiment, Case
Reports, Expert Opinions
Correct Answer: A
Rational: The correct hierarchy from highest to lowest evidence is: 1. Meta-
analysis, 2. Systematic Review, 3. Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), 4.
Experiment, 5. Cohort Study, 6. Case Reports/Series, 7. Expert Opinions/Editorials.
Question 3
A study that follows a group of individuals with a particular condition over time to
determine outcomes is called a:
A. Cross-sectional study
B. Cohort study
C. Case study
D. Randomized controlled trial
Correct Answer: B
Rational: A cohort study follows individuals with a particular condition over a
period of time to observe outcomes. Cross-sectional studies evaluate at a single
point in time.
,Question 4
Which research design is best to evaluate the performance of a diagnostic test?
A. Cohort study
B. Randomized controlled trial
C. Cross-sectional study
D. Longitudinal design
Correct Answer: C
Rational: Cross-sectional studies describe and measure the interrelationships
among characteristics of a population at a single point in time and are the best
designs to evaluate a diagnostic test.
Question 5
The measure of the spread or dispersion of a set of data from the average is called
the:
A. P-value
B. Confidence interval
C. Standard deviation
D. Mean
Correct Answer: C
Rational: Standard deviation measures the spread or dispersion of a set of data
from the average (mean).
, Question 6
What does a p-value represent in research?
A. The reliability of an estimate
B. The measure of spread of data
C. The probability of error involved in accepting observed results
D. The difference between two group means
Correct Answer: C
Rational: A p-value represents the probability of error involved in accepting the
observed results as a valid representative of the population. It indicates the
statistical significance of a hypothesis.
Question 7
Which statistical measure determines the reliability of an estimate?
A. P-value
B. Standard deviation
C. Confidence interval
D. Mean
Correct Answer: C
Rational: A confidence interval measures the reliability of an estimate. With
defined limits at each end, it specifies the probability of including the parameter
being estimated.
