NUR 242 MED SURG EXAM 3 WITH
ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) | LATEST
(2026/2027) UPDATED VERSION |
100% GUARANTEED PASS
{JUST RELEASED}
1. What is ventilation? - ANSWER ✓ the movement of air into and out of the
lungs
2. What is perfusion? - ANSWER ✓ the circulation of blood through the lungs
3. What are central chemoreceptors responsive to? - ANSWER ✓ increased H+
in the brain ECF;
increased PaCO2;
"hypercarbic drive"
4. What are peripheral chemoreceptors responsive to? - ANSWER ✓ decreased
pH;
, increased PaCO2;
decreased PaO2;
"hypoxic drive"
5. What are elastic forces? - ANSWER ✓ lungs recoil due to elastin, collagen,
fibrin
6. What are surface forces? - ANSWER ✓ surface tension due to water-air
interface
7. What is airway resistance? - ANSWER ✓ opposition to flow caused by the
forces of friction; primarily determined by airway radius
8. What is the distensibility of the lungs? - ANSWER ✓ ease with which the lungs
can be inflated
9. What is lung distensibility increased in? - ANSWER ✓ neonates and children;
10. emphysema
11. What is lung distensibility decreased in? - ANSWER ✓ elderly;
pneumonia, pulmonary edema, ARDS, atelectasis, fibrosis
,12. What is surfactant? - ANSWER ✓ complex substance lining the alveoli and
smallest bronchioles containing phospholipids and a number of apoproteins
which reduces surface tension throughout the lungs, thereby contributing to
its general compliance;
stabilizes the alveoli and keeps them dry
13. What produces surfactant? - ANSWER ✓ produced by the Type II alveolar
cells
14. What is Ohm's law? - ANSWER ✓ velocity = driving force/resistance
15. What is Poiseuille law? - ANSWER ✓ resistance = (8 x viscosity x length) / (pi
x radius^4)
16. What happens if the radius in the lungs goes down? - ANSWER ✓ the
resistance goes up
17. How is the ventilation distributed in the lungs? - ANSWER ✓ the top of the
lungs are more distended and less compliant whereas the lower lung is small
and highly compliant
, 18. What factors affect lung perfusion? - ANSWER ✓ lung capacitance;
low resistance system;
flow influenced by gravity;
resistance primarily determined by vessel radius
19. What does hypoxia lead to? - ANSWER ✓ vasoconstriction of pulmonary
vessels
20. What does prolonged hypoxia lead to? - ANSWER ✓ pulmonary
hypertension
21. What factors affect alveolar-capillary diffusion? - ANSWER ✓ capillary
permeability;
surface area available for diffusion;
concentration gradient for the gas;
distance for diffusion
22. What causes right shifts (decreased affinity) in Hemoglobin-O2 affinity? -
ANSWER ✓ acidemia;
hyperthermia;
hypercarbia
ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) | LATEST
(2026/2027) UPDATED VERSION |
100% GUARANTEED PASS
{JUST RELEASED}
1. What is ventilation? - ANSWER ✓ the movement of air into and out of the
lungs
2. What is perfusion? - ANSWER ✓ the circulation of blood through the lungs
3. What are central chemoreceptors responsive to? - ANSWER ✓ increased H+
in the brain ECF;
increased PaCO2;
"hypercarbic drive"
4. What are peripheral chemoreceptors responsive to? - ANSWER ✓ decreased
pH;
, increased PaCO2;
decreased PaO2;
"hypoxic drive"
5. What are elastic forces? - ANSWER ✓ lungs recoil due to elastin, collagen,
fibrin
6. What are surface forces? - ANSWER ✓ surface tension due to water-air
interface
7. What is airway resistance? - ANSWER ✓ opposition to flow caused by the
forces of friction; primarily determined by airway radius
8. What is the distensibility of the lungs? - ANSWER ✓ ease with which the lungs
can be inflated
9. What is lung distensibility increased in? - ANSWER ✓ neonates and children;
10. emphysema
11. What is lung distensibility decreased in? - ANSWER ✓ elderly;
pneumonia, pulmonary edema, ARDS, atelectasis, fibrosis
,12. What is surfactant? - ANSWER ✓ complex substance lining the alveoli and
smallest bronchioles containing phospholipids and a number of apoproteins
which reduces surface tension throughout the lungs, thereby contributing to
its general compliance;
stabilizes the alveoli and keeps them dry
13. What produces surfactant? - ANSWER ✓ produced by the Type II alveolar
cells
14. What is Ohm's law? - ANSWER ✓ velocity = driving force/resistance
15. What is Poiseuille law? - ANSWER ✓ resistance = (8 x viscosity x length) / (pi
x radius^4)
16. What happens if the radius in the lungs goes down? - ANSWER ✓ the
resistance goes up
17. How is the ventilation distributed in the lungs? - ANSWER ✓ the top of the
lungs are more distended and less compliant whereas the lower lung is small
and highly compliant
, 18. What factors affect lung perfusion? - ANSWER ✓ lung capacitance;
low resistance system;
flow influenced by gravity;
resistance primarily determined by vessel radius
19. What does hypoxia lead to? - ANSWER ✓ vasoconstriction of pulmonary
vessels
20. What does prolonged hypoxia lead to? - ANSWER ✓ pulmonary
hypertension
21. What factors affect alveolar-capillary diffusion? - ANSWER ✓ capillary
permeability;
surface area available for diffusion;
concentration gradient for the gas;
distance for diffusion
22. What causes right shifts (decreased affinity) in Hemoglobin-O2 affinity? -
ANSWER ✓ acidemia;
hyperthermia;
hypercarbia
