, NU 131: Nursing and Healthcare I —
Final Exam Questions and Answers with
Rationale 2026/2027 Update
Q1. Which level of prevention focuses on early diagnosis and
prompt treatment of a disease to limit disability and halt
pathological processes?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Primordial prevention
Correct Answer: B) Secondary prevention
Rationale: Secondary prevention targets screening, early
detection, and prompt medical intervention (e.g., blood pressure
screenings, Pap smears) to arrest disease progression before
severe complications occur.
Q2. A patient is admitted to the medical-surgical unit
following a stroke. The care plan includes physical therapy,
speech therapy, and occupational therapy to maximize
functional independence. This is an example of:
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
, D) Health promotion
Correct Answer: C) Tertiary prevention
Rationale: Tertiary prevention begins after an illness or injury
is established and focuses on rehabilitation, mitigating long-term
impairment, and restoring optimal functional capability.
Q3. According to the Quality and Safety Education for
Nurses (QSEN) initiative, which competency emphasizes the
use of data to monitor outcomes of care processes and design
methods to improve healthcare services?
A) Patient-Centered Care
B) Teamwork and Collaboration
C) Quality Improvement (QI)
D) Informatics
Correct Answer: C) Quality Improvement (QI)
Rationale: Quality Improvement uses indicator data and
systematic methods to monitor outcomes and continuously test
changes aimed at improving the safety and effectiveness of
healthcare systems.
Q4. A nurse utilizes the SBAR (Situation, Background,
Assessment, Recommendation) communication tool when
calling a provider about a deteriorating patient. What
information should be communicated first under the
"Situation" component?
, A) The patient's full medical history and past surgical
procedures
B) A concise statement of the immediate problem or reason
for contact
C) The complete set of vital signs taken upon admission three
days ago
D) A detailed recommendation for specific medication orders
Correct Answer: B) A concise statement of the immediate
problem or reason for contact
Rationale: The "Situation" component establishes clear,
immediate context by stating who is calling, about which
patient, and the exact current issue requiring attention.
Q5. Which action by a nursing student demonstrates
adherence to professional accountability and ethical practice
regarding medication administration?
A) Administering an unfamiliar medication quickly without
looking up its parameters
B) Asking a peer to sign off on a wasted narcotic without
witnessing the waste
C) Checking the medication label three times against the
medication administration record (MAR) and verifying
patient identity using two identifiers
D) Leaving a prepared oral medication dose on the bedside
table for the patient to take later
Final Exam Questions and Answers with
Rationale 2026/2027 Update
Q1. Which level of prevention focuses on early diagnosis and
prompt treatment of a disease to limit disability and halt
pathological processes?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Primordial prevention
Correct Answer: B) Secondary prevention
Rationale: Secondary prevention targets screening, early
detection, and prompt medical intervention (e.g., blood pressure
screenings, Pap smears) to arrest disease progression before
severe complications occur.
Q2. A patient is admitted to the medical-surgical unit
following a stroke. The care plan includes physical therapy,
speech therapy, and occupational therapy to maximize
functional independence. This is an example of:
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
, D) Health promotion
Correct Answer: C) Tertiary prevention
Rationale: Tertiary prevention begins after an illness or injury
is established and focuses on rehabilitation, mitigating long-term
impairment, and restoring optimal functional capability.
Q3. According to the Quality and Safety Education for
Nurses (QSEN) initiative, which competency emphasizes the
use of data to monitor outcomes of care processes and design
methods to improve healthcare services?
A) Patient-Centered Care
B) Teamwork and Collaboration
C) Quality Improvement (QI)
D) Informatics
Correct Answer: C) Quality Improvement (QI)
Rationale: Quality Improvement uses indicator data and
systematic methods to monitor outcomes and continuously test
changes aimed at improving the safety and effectiveness of
healthcare systems.
Q4. A nurse utilizes the SBAR (Situation, Background,
Assessment, Recommendation) communication tool when
calling a provider about a deteriorating patient. What
information should be communicated first under the
"Situation" component?
, A) The patient's full medical history and past surgical
procedures
B) A concise statement of the immediate problem or reason
for contact
C) The complete set of vital signs taken upon admission three
days ago
D) A detailed recommendation for specific medication orders
Correct Answer: B) A concise statement of the immediate
problem or reason for contact
Rationale: The "Situation" component establishes clear,
immediate context by stating who is calling, about which
patient, and the exact current issue requiring attention.
Q5. Which action by a nursing student demonstrates
adherence to professional accountability and ethical practice
regarding medication administration?
A) Administering an unfamiliar medication quickly without
looking up its parameters
B) Asking a peer to sign off on a wasted narcotic without
witnessing the waste
C) Checking the medication label three times against the
medication administration record (MAR) and verifying
patient identity using two identifiers
D) Leaving a prepared oral medication dose on the bedside
table for the patient to take later
