high ventilation/perfusion results in what?
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Ventilated but not perfused
Pulmonary embolus
Two ways oxygen is transported
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, dissolved in plasma PaO2
(0.3mL/100mL dissolved in plasma)
and bound to hemoglobin SaO2(4 receptors per molecule
affinity in lungs binds O2 to hemoglobin
affinity in tissues releases O2 at remote site
100% saturation= Pao2 95-100)
upper airway structures include
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nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
Symptoms of asthma
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Wheezing, airway constriction, chest tightness, shortness of breath,
increased sputum, tachycardia, accessory muscle use
Primary pneumothorax
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thin, tall 20-40 yo males, cigarette smokers
,Emphysema
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Defined by destructive changes of the alveolar wall without fibrosis or
dilation
Abnormal enlargement of distal air sacs
Frequently associated with chronic bronchitis
Develops over a long time, seen more often in people over 50
Type A COPD
"pink puffer"
Causes
Smoking (99%)
Air pollution
Occupational hazards
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (1%)
Hyperkalemia
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o Causes:
Increased K intake due to diet
Decreased K loss due to renal failure, K sparing diuretics
Shift of K out of the cells due to acidosis (too much H)
o Effects:
CNS numbness, tingling, anxiety
CV disrhythmia/bradycardia (HR<60), cardiac arrest
Symptoms of lung cancer
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, 15-25% asymptomatic
Intrathoracic
Dyspnea
Cough
Increased sputum
Hoarseness
Hemoptysis
Chest pain
Extrathoracic
Weight loss
Anemia
Facial /UE edema
TRUE
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T/F More than 90% of pulmonary thromboemboli originate in the deep
veins of the lower extremities.17,18 Other sources of PE include fat, air, and
amniotic fluid.
Symptoms of Intertistial Lung Disease
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Give this one a try later!
Ventilated but not perfused
Pulmonary embolus
Two ways oxygen is transported
Give this one a try later!
, dissolved in plasma PaO2
(0.3mL/100mL dissolved in plasma)
and bound to hemoglobin SaO2(4 receptors per molecule
affinity in lungs binds O2 to hemoglobin
affinity in tissues releases O2 at remote site
100% saturation= Pao2 95-100)
upper airway structures include
Give this one a try later!
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
Symptoms of asthma
Give this one a try later!
Wheezing, airway constriction, chest tightness, shortness of breath,
increased sputum, tachycardia, accessory muscle use
Primary pneumothorax
Give this one a try later!
thin, tall 20-40 yo males, cigarette smokers
,Emphysema
Give this one a try later!
Defined by destructive changes of the alveolar wall without fibrosis or
dilation
Abnormal enlargement of distal air sacs
Frequently associated with chronic bronchitis
Develops over a long time, seen more often in people over 50
Type A COPD
"pink puffer"
Causes
Smoking (99%)
Air pollution
Occupational hazards
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (1%)
Hyperkalemia
Give this one a try later!
o Causes:
Increased K intake due to diet
Decreased K loss due to renal failure, K sparing diuretics
Shift of K out of the cells due to acidosis (too much H)
o Effects:
CNS numbness, tingling, anxiety
CV disrhythmia/bradycardia (HR<60), cardiac arrest
Symptoms of lung cancer
Give this one a try later!
, 15-25% asymptomatic
Intrathoracic
Dyspnea
Cough
Increased sputum
Hoarseness
Hemoptysis
Chest pain
Extrathoracic
Weight loss
Anemia
Facial /UE edema
TRUE
Give this one a try later!
T/F More than 90% of pulmonary thromboemboli originate in the deep
veins of the lower extremities.17,18 Other sources of PE include fat, air, and
amniotic fluid.
Symptoms of Intertistial Lung Disease
Give this one a try later!
