MCA 1 Exam 2 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
Question 1
What is the first-line treatment for urge incontinence?
A. Anticholinergic medications
B. Behavioral techniques (bladder training, scheduled voiding)
C. Surgical intervention
D. Indwelling catheter
Correct Answer
B. Behavioral techniques
Behavioral interventions (scheduled voiding, bladder retraining, PFMEs) are first-line
treatment for urinary incontinence. Medications are not first-line but can be
combined with behavioral strategies. Anticholinergics should be started low, titrated
carefully, and trialed for 4-8 weeks.
Question 2
Which laboratory values should the nurse monitor in a patient taking multiple
antitubercular medications?
A. BUN and creatinine
B. AST and ALT
C. Sodium and potassium
D. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
Correct Answer
B. AST and ALT
AST and ALT are liver enzymes monitored to detect hepatotoxicity from TB
medications. Isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide all cause liver damage. Baseline
and periodic LFT monitoring is essential throughout treatment.
Page 1 of 47
,Question 3
Which patient statement indicates understanding of warfarin therapy discharge
teaching?
A. "I can take ibuprofen for my headaches"
B. "I'll use my electric shaver instead of a razor"
C. "I should eat more leafy green vegetables"
D. "I can continue my ginkgo biloba supplement"
Correct Answer
B. "I'll use my electric shaver instead of a razor"
Using an electric shaver prevents cuts and bleeding risk. Patients should avoid
NSAIDs (ibuprofen), maintain consistent vitamin K intake (not increase leafy greens),
and avoid supplements that increase bleeding risk (NO EGGGOS: vitamin E, Ginseng,
Ginkgo biloba, Garlic, Omega-3, St. John's Wort).
Question 4
Urine pH
Correct Answer
4.6-8
Question 5
Before administering trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which allergy should the nurse
specifically ask about?
A. Penicillin allergy
B. Glyburide (oral diabetic drug) allergy
C. Aspirin allergy
D. Iodine allergy
Correct Answer
B. Glyburide allergy
Patients allergic to sulfonamides may cross-react with glyburide (sulfonylurea).
Always screen for sulfa allergies before administering Bactrim.
Page 2 of 47
,Question 6
Client has right-sided pneumonia. How should the nurse position?
A. Right side down
B. Left side down
C. Supine
D. Trendelenburg
Correct Answer
B. Left side down
Good lung down!
Question 7
A nurse is caring for a patient with suspected pulmonary embolism. Which
assessment finding is the priority indicator?
A. Pleuritic chest pain
B. Hypoxemia
C. Tachycardia
D. Restlessness
Correct Answer
B. Hypoxemia
Hypoxemia is the #1 sign of PE. The obstruction of the pulmonary vessel prevents
gas exchange at the alveoli, leading to decreased oxygenation and potentially
deadly hypoxemia. While tachycardia, restlessness, and chest pain are common
manifestations, hypoxemia is the priority finding that indicates impaired gas
exchange.
Page 3 of 47
, Question 8
Which assessment findings indicate delirium in an elderly patient with UTI? (Select all
that apply)
A. Acute onset of confusion
B. Fluctuating level of consciousness
C. Gradual memory loss over months
D. Inattention and disorganized thinking
E. Stable cognitive decline
Correct Answer
A, B, D
Delirium features: acute onset, fluctuating course, inattention, disorganized thinking,
and altered level of consciousness. Dementia has gradual onset and stable,
progressive decline. The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) identifies these key
delirium features.
Question 9
A patient returns from TURP with a three-way Foley catheter. What is the primary
purpose of this catheter?
A. Measure urine output accurately
B. Provide continuous bladder irrigation
C. Prevent urinary retention
D. Administer medications directly to the bladder
Correct Answer
B. Provide continuous bladder irrigation
After TURP or prostatectomy, a three-way catheter with a 10- or 30-mL balloon
allows continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) to prevent clot formation and maintain
catheter patency. One port inflates the balloon, one drains urine/irrigation fluid, and
one infuses irrigation solution.
Page 4 of 47
Correct Answers
Question 1
What is the first-line treatment for urge incontinence?
A. Anticholinergic medications
B. Behavioral techniques (bladder training, scheduled voiding)
C. Surgical intervention
D. Indwelling catheter
Correct Answer
B. Behavioral techniques
Behavioral interventions (scheduled voiding, bladder retraining, PFMEs) are first-line
treatment for urinary incontinence. Medications are not first-line but can be
combined with behavioral strategies. Anticholinergics should be started low, titrated
carefully, and trialed for 4-8 weeks.
Question 2
Which laboratory values should the nurse monitor in a patient taking multiple
antitubercular medications?
A. BUN and creatinine
B. AST and ALT
C. Sodium and potassium
D. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
Correct Answer
B. AST and ALT
AST and ALT are liver enzymes monitored to detect hepatotoxicity from TB
medications. Isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide all cause liver damage. Baseline
and periodic LFT monitoring is essential throughout treatment.
Page 1 of 47
,Question 3
Which patient statement indicates understanding of warfarin therapy discharge
teaching?
A. "I can take ibuprofen for my headaches"
B. "I'll use my electric shaver instead of a razor"
C. "I should eat more leafy green vegetables"
D. "I can continue my ginkgo biloba supplement"
Correct Answer
B. "I'll use my electric shaver instead of a razor"
Using an electric shaver prevents cuts and bleeding risk. Patients should avoid
NSAIDs (ibuprofen), maintain consistent vitamin K intake (not increase leafy greens),
and avoid supplements that increase bleeding risk (NO EGGGOS: vitamin E, Ginseng,
Ginkgo biloba, Garlic, Omega-3, St. John's Wort).
Question 4
Urine pH
Correct Answer
4.6-8
Question 5
Before administering trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which allergy should the nurse
specifically ask about?
A. Penicillin allergy
B. Glyburide (oral diabetic drug) allergy
C. Aspirin allergy
D. Iodine allergy
Correct Answer
B. Glyburide allergy
Patients allergic to sulfonamides may cross-react with glyburide (sulfonylurea).
Always screen for sulfa allergies before administering Bactrim.
Page 2 of 47
,Question 6
Client has right-sided pneumonia. How should the nurse position?
A. Right side down
B. Left side down
C. Supine
D. Trendelenburg
Correct Answer
B. Left side down
Good lung down!
Question 7
A nurse is caring for a patient with suspected pulmonary embolism. Which
assessment finding is the priority indicator?
A. Pleuritic chest pain
B. Hypoxemia
C. Tachycardia
D. Restlessness
Correct Answer
B. Hypoxemia
Hypoxemia is the #1 sign of PE. The obstruction of the pulmonary vessel prevents
gas exchange at the alveoli, leading to decreased oxygenation and potentially
deadly hypoxemia. While tachycardia, restlessness, and chest pain are common
manifestations, hypoxemia is the priority finding that indicates impaired gas
exchange.
Page 3 of 47
, Question 8
Which assessment findings indicate delirium in an elderly patient with UTI? (Select all
that apply)
A. Acute onset of confusion
B. Fluctuating level of consciousness
C. Gradual memory loss over months
D. Inattention and disorganized thinking
E. Stable cognitive decline
Correct Answer
A, B, D
Delirium features: acute onset, fluctuating course, inattention, disorganized thinking,
and altered level of consciousness. Dementia has gradual onset and stable,
progressive decline. The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) identifies these key
delirium features.
Question 9
A patient returns from TURP with a three-way Foley catheter. What is the primary
purpose of this catheter?
A. Measure urine output accurately
B. Provide continuous bladder irrigation
C. Prevent urinary retention
D. Administer medications directly to the bladder
Correct Answer
B. Provide continuous bladder irrigation
After TURP or prostatectomy, a three-way catheter with a 10- or 30-mL balloon
allows continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) to prevent clot formation and maintain
catheter patency. One port inflates the balloon, one drains urine/irrigation fluid, and
one infuses irrigation solution.
Page 4 of 47
