Human Population
Total number of people occupying the particular place at particular
time is known as population.
The study of human population is known as demography.
A population of an area does not remain constant because the
number of individuals keeps changing.
The size and density of the a population depends on different factors
like birth rate, Growth rate, immigration, Emigration and death rate.
Census is the counting of the people in the population.
Definition of various demographic terms
a) Natality (Birth Rate): It is defined as the number of off spring
produced per thousand unit of population per year.
It is expressed as:
Natality = Number of child birth per year x 1000
Number of population per year
,3) Mortality is defined as the number of death per thousand individual of
population per year.
It is expressed as; Mortality= Number of deaths per year x 1000
Number of population per year
4) Carrying capacity –
It is the limited capacity to carry the population in the limit size. It is expressed
by constant K.
5) Zero growth- when the Natality and the mortality rate is same, the population
remain constant showing zero growth rate.
• Iceland, Germany, Portugal and Poland are the countries that shows zero
growth.
6) Immigration - It is the movement of population to other places, to which they
are not native. Immigration contribute population growth.
7) Emigration - act of leaving ones country or leaving the home
permanently.
• Emigration contribute in reduction population growth
Both immigration and emigration are part of migration
, • Demographic cycle
• It involves:
• 1) First stage or High stationary –
birth rate and death rate are high
Population remains stationary.
Found in countries with weak economy
• 2) Second stage (early expanding)-
Declining death rate but birth rate still remains high
Huge increase in population occurs.
As seen in many developing countries of Asia and Africa.
• 3) Third stage (late expanding)
Death rate decline further and birth rate tends to fall.
Birth rate still exceeds the death rate, there is increase in population.
• 4) Fourth stage (low stationary)
Low birth rate and low death rate.
Population remains stationary
Japan, Sweden, Belgium, Denmark, Switzerland.
5) Fifth stage
Birth rate become lower than death rate
This stage last for a short period of time.
Total number of people occupying the particular place at particular
time is known as population.
The study of human population is known as demography.
A population of an area does not remain constant because the
number of individuals keeps changing.
The size and density of the a population depends on different factors
like birth rate, Growth rate, immigration, Emigration and death rate.
Census is the counting of the people in the population.
Definition of various demographic terms
a) Natality (Birth Rate): It is defined as the number of off spring
produced per thousand unit of population per year.
It is expressed as:
Natality = Number of child birth per year x 1000
Number of population per year
,3) Mortality is defined as the number of death per thousand individual of
population per year.
It is expressed as; Mortality= Number of deaths per year x 1000
Number of population per year
4) Carrying capacity –
It is the limited capacity to carry the population in the limit size. It is expressed
by constant K.
5) Zero growth- when the Natality and the mortality rate is same, the population
remain constant showing zero growth rate.
• Iceland, Germany, Portugal and Poland are the countries that shows zero
growth.
6) Immigration - It is the movement of population to other places, to which they
are not native. Immigration contribute population growth.
7) Emigration - act of leaving ones country or leaving the home
permanently.
• Emigration contribute in reduction population growth
Both immigration and emigration are part of migration
, • Demographic cycle
• It involves:
• 1) First stage or High stationary –
birth rate and death rate are high
Population remains stationary.
Found in countries with weak economy
• 2) Second stage (early expanding)-
Declining death rate but birth rate still remains high
Huge increase in population occurs.
As seen in many developing countries of Asia and Africa.
• 3) Third stage (late expanding)
Death rate decline further and birth rate tends to fall.
Birth rate still exceeds the death rate, there is increase in population.
• 4) Fourth stage (low stationary)
Low birth rate and low death rate.
Population remains stationary
Japan, Sweden, Belgium, Denmark, Switzerland.
5) Fifth stage
Birth rate become lower than death rate
This stage last for a short period of time.
