For buprenorphine The physician usually instructs patients to arrive in withdrawal,
which typically starts
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12 hours after the last dose of a short-acting opioid or 24 hours after a
long-acting opioid like methadone.
What laboratory findings are associated with chronic alcohol use?
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Elevated AST/ALT (AST > ALT) - Liver damage
Macrocytosis (MCV > 100 fL) - Due to vitamin B12/folate deficiency
Thiamine deficiency - Risk of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
,What is the first-line treatment for acute alcohol withdrawal?
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Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam, diazepam, chlordiazepoxide) to prevent
seizures and DTs.
Substantial reductions in illicit drug use, antisocial behaviors, and psychiatric
distress among patients dependent on cocaine or heroin are much more likely
following treatment
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Three months
How do drugs hijack the brain's reward system?
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They increase dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, reinforcing drug
use and making natural rewards (e.g., food, social interaction) less
pleasurable.
For induction of opioid detoxification, an initial methadone dose
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, 15 to 20 mg will usually suppress craving and withdrawal symptoms.
Over several weeks, the dosage should be raised to at least 70 mg a day.
The maximum dosage is usually 120 mg a day, and higher dosages require
NEONATAL METHADONE WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS.
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Withdrawal symptoms in newborns frequently include tremor, a high-
pitched cry, increased muscle tone and activity, poor sleep and eating,
mottling, yawning, perspiration, and skin excoriation.
What is unique about substance use in adolescents?
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Higher risk of long-term addiction due to neurodevelopmental changes
Common substances: Alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, stimulants
Screen using CRAFFT questionnaire
What medications are FDA-approved for alcohol use disorder?
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Naltrexone - Blocks opioid receptors, reduces cravings
Acamprosate - Modulates glutamate, reduces cravings
Disulfiram - Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, causing an aversive reaction
if alcohol is consumed
which typically starts
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12 hours after the last dose of a short-acting opioid or 24 hours after a
long-acting opioid like methadone.
What laboratory findings are associated with chronic alcohol use?
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Elevated AST/ALT (AST > ALT) - Liver damage
Macrocytosis (MCV > 100 fL) - Due to vitamin B12/folate deficiency
Thiamine deficiency - Risk of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
,What is the first-line treatment for acute alcohol withdrawal?
Give this one a try later!
Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam, diazepam, chlordiazepoxide) to prevent
seizures and DTs.
Substantial reductions in illicit drug use, antisocial behaviors, and psychiatric
distress among patients dependent on cocaine or heroin are much more likely
following treatment
Give this one a try later!
Three months
How do drugs hijack the brain's reward system?
Give this one a try later!
They increase dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, reinforcing drug
use and making natural rewards (e.g., food, social interaction) less
pleasurable.
For induction of opioid detoxification, an initial methadone dose
Give this one a try later!
, 15 to 20 mg will usually suppress craving and withdrawal symptoms.
Over several weeks, the dosage should be raised to at least 70 mg a day.
The maximum dosage is usually 120 mg a day, and higher dosages require
NEONATAL METHADONE WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS.
Give this one a try later!
Withdrawal symptoms in newborns frequently include tremor, a high-
pitched cry, increased muscle tone and activity, poor sleep and eating,
mottling, yawning, perspiration, and skin excoriation.
What is unique about substance use in adolescents?
Give this one a try later!
Higher risk of long-term addiction due to neurodevelopmental changes
Common substances: Alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, stimulants
Screen using CRAFFT questionnaire
What medications are FDA-approved for alcohol use disorder?
Give this one a try later!
Naltrexone - Blocks opioid receptors, reduces cravings
Acamprosate - Modulates glutamate, reduces cravings
Disulfiram - Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, causing an aversive reaction
if alcohol is consumed
