SCI 131 Exam 4 V1 | SCI 131 Introduction
to Nutrition | Q&A with Rationale (SCI131
Exam 4) | Nightingale College
1. A nurse is teaching a pregnant client with a pre-pregnancy BMI of 22 about weight gain.
Which of the following ranges should the nurse recommend for the entire pregnancy?
A. 15 to 25 pounds
B. 25 to 35 pounds
C. 28 to 40 pounds
D. 11 to 20 pounds
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A client with a normal pre-pregnancy BMI is recommended to gain between 25
and 35 pounds. This weight gain supports the growth of the fetus, placenta, and increased
maternal blood volume. Adequate weight gain is critical to prevent low birth weight and
other neonatal complications.
2. To reduce the risk of neural tube defects, the nurse should advise women of childbearing
age to consume which of the following nutrients daily?
A. 1000 mg of calcium
B. 400 mcg of folic acid
C. 15 mg of zinc
,D. 60 mg of iron
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Folic acid is essential for the closure of the neural tube during the first few
weeks of pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for women of childbearing age is 400
mcg to ensure adequate levels before conception. Supplementation has significantly
decreased the incidence of spina bifida and anencephaly.
3. A nurse is providing education to a breastfeeding mother. Which hormone is responsible
for the ‘let-down’ reflex that causes milk to be ejected from the breasts?
A. Prolactin
B. Estrogen
C. Oxytocin
D. Progesterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oxytocin is the hormone that stimulates the contraction of the myoepithelial
cells in the mammary glands to eject milk. While prolactin is responsible for milk
production, oxytocin facilitates the release or let-down during nursing. This reflex can be
triggered by the infant’s cry or the physical stimulus of sucking.
4. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct parents to avoid giving to an infant
under 12 months of age due to the risk of botulism?
A. Cow’s milk
, B. Honey
C. Peanut butter
D. Eggs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Honey may contain Clostridium botulinum spores which can grow in an infant’s
immature digestive tract and produce toxins. Infant botulism can lead to muscle weakness
and respiratory failure in severe cases. Parents should wait until after the first birthday to
introduce honey safely.
5. A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant. At what age is it generally recommended to
begin introducing solid foods (complementary foods) to infants?
A. 4 to 6 months
B. 2 to 3 months
C. 8 to 10 months
D. 12 months
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Solid foods are typically introduced between 4 and 6 months of age when the
infant demonstrates developmental readiness. Readiness includes signs like sitting with
support and the disappearance of the tongue-thrust reflex. Breast milk or formula remains
the primary source of nutrition during the first year of life.
to Nutrition | Q&A with Rationale (SCI131
Exam 4) | Nightingale College
1. A nurse is teaching a pregnant client with a pre-pregnancy BMI of 22 about weight gain.
Which of the following ranges should the nurse recommend for the entire pregnancy?
A. 15 to 25 pounds
B. 25 to 35 pounds
C. 28 to 40 pounds
D. 11 to 20 pounds
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A client with a normal pre-pregnancy BMI is recommended to gain between 25
and 35 pounds. This weight gain supports the growth of the fetus, placenta, and increased
maternal blood volume. Adequate weight gain is critical to prevent low birth weight and
other neonatal complications.
2. To reduce the risk of neural tube defects, the nurse should advise women of childbearing
age to consume which of the following nutrients daily?
A. 1000 mg of calcium
B. 400 mcg of folic acid
C. 15 mg of zinc
,D. 60 mg of iron
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Folic acid is essential for the closure of the neural tube during the first few
weeks of pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for women of childbearing age is 400
mcg to ensure adequate levels before conception. Supplementation has significantly
decreased the incidence of spina bifida and anencephaly.
3. A nurse is providing education to a breastfeeding mother. Which hormone is responsible
for the ‘let-down’ reflex that causes milk to be ejected from the breasts?
A. Prolactin
B. Estrogen
C. Oxytocin
D. Progesterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oxytocin is the hormone that stimulates the contraction of the myoepithelial
cells in the mammary glands to eject milk. While prolactin is responsible for milk
production, oxytocin facilitates the release or let-down during nursing. This reflex can be
triggered by the infant’s cry or the physical stimulus of sucking.
4. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct parents to avoid giving to an infant
under 12 months of age due to the risk of botulism?
A. Cow’s milk
, B. Honey
C. Peanut butter
D. Eggs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Honey may contain Clostridium botulinum spores which can grow in an infant’s
immature digestive tract and produce toxins. Infant botulism can lead to muscle weakness
and respiratory failure in severe cases. Parents should wait until after the first birthday to
introduce honey safely.
5. A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant. At what age is it generally recommended to
begin introducing solid foods (complementary foods) to infants?
A. 4 to 6 months
B. 2 to 3 months
C. 8 to 10 months
D. 12 months
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Solid foods are typically introduced between 4 and 6 months of age when the
infant demonstrates developmental readiness. Readiness includes signs like sitting with
support and the disappearance of the tongue-thrust reflex. Breast milk or formula remains
the primary source of nutrition during the first year of life.
