SPOTTER NETWORK FINAL TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Frequency hopping.
Answer: The transmitter and receiver change predetermined frequencies at
the same time (in a synchronized manner).
◍ OFDM (orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing).
Answer: method of digital signal modulation in which a single data stream is
split into smaller subchannels to reduce interference and crosstalk
◍ MOU (memorandum of understanding).
Answer: a formal agreement between two or more parties to establish
official service partnerships;sometimes called letter of intent (LOI)
◍ What is the significance of the Shot Spotter application?.
Answer: It allows for quick police alerts even when a 911 call is not
received.
◍ Network Diagram.
Answer: •A visual representation that illustrates the components of a
network and how they are interconnected-Can be divided into 3 seprate
layers-Layer 1: Shows the physical interfaces for devices-Layer 2: Shows
MAC addresses for different devices-Layer 3: Shows IP address for
different devices
◍ Codec.
Answer: dictates the structure of a video and how a camera encodes and
compresses - MJPEG- H.264
◍ Reflective/Amplified DoS Attack.
, Answer: An attack that uses spoofing to carry out the attack and is a
combination of a reflection attack and an amplification attack
◍ 802.11g.
Answer: 2.4 GHz frequency range.-Maximum bandwidth of 54
Mbps-Backward compatible with 802.11b
◍ Path Vector Protocol.
Answer: •Type of dynamic routing protocol that maintains the entire path
(or list of autonomous systems) a data packet needs to traverse to reach its
destination-Used primarily in interdomain routing
◍ T1 Timer.
Answer: •Checks in with DHCP server to renew lease at 50% of lease time
◍ NS Record (Name Server Record).
Answer: A record that specifies the name of the authoritative name server of
the domain
◍ What is the best tool to use to check device known issues for a Sprint
customer?.
Answer: Customer Support Tool (CST)
◍ Secure Access Secure Edge (SASE).
Answer: •A cloud-based architecture that combines network security
functions with WAN capabilities to securely connect users, devices, and
applications from any location-Security technologies are moved to the
cloud-A next generation VPN
◍ Multi-Fiber Push-On (MPO).
Answer: •A high-density fiber optic connector that supports multiple fibers
in a single rectangular interface-Widely used in environments requiring high
data throughput and efficient space utilization-Can support 8, 12, 16, or 24
fibers in a single connector
◍ Star/hub-and-spoke.
Answer: •A wired network topology in which all computers in the network
, connect to a central wiring point-Used in small and large networks-Provides
fault tolerance
◍ Hub.
Answer: •Network device that provides a common point for the connection
of network devices-Repeats all frames and sends them to other connected
devices(broadcast frames)-Creates a single collision domain -Works at half
duplex (Cannot send and recieve data at the same time)-Replaced by
switches-Operates at Layer 1 of the OSI model (Physical)
◍ Route bridge selection.
Answer: •The process used by Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) to elect the
root bridge, which serves as the central point of reference in a network to
prevent loops in a Layer 2 topology.-All bridges/switches are assigned a
bridge ID between 0 and 61440-Lowest ID is chosen
◍ iSCSI (Internet Small Computer Systems Interface).
Answer: technology that enables the SCSI protocol to communicate over IP
networks
◍ Application Programming Interface (API).
Answer: •A set of rules, protocols, and tools that allow software applications
to communicate with each other
◍ IPv4.
Answer: • A 32-bit binary number assigned to a computer on a TCP/IP
network. -Has 2 main parts: Network ID and Host ID-Supports around 4.29
billion addresses-Ex: 192.168.4.33
◍ During a network tap, all data arrives at monitoring device ....
Answer: in real time.
◍ Single Mode Fiber.
Answer: •A type of fiber optic cable that provide a single pathway for light
to travel and are defined by their small core size of approximately 8.3
µm-The light source is usually lasers-Up to 100 km without
processing-More expensive and difficult to install than multimode fiber
, ◍ We strive to be the most _______ company in the History of our industry!.
Answer: loved
◍ ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol).
Answer: •A TCP/IP protocol used to handle many low level functions such
as error or information reporting-Operates at layer 3-This is how the ping
command utility works-Does not use a port but is connectionless(UDP)
◍ Management Information Base.
Answer: the text file database that defines what information can be collected
from a device
◍ Configuration Management.
Answer: •The process of maintaining, monitoring, and controlling the
configurations of networking devices and systems to ensure optimal
performance, security, and consistency across an organization's network
infrastructure-Identify and document hardware/software settings-Rebuild
systems if disaster occurs
◍ Content Addressable Memory (CAM).
Answer: A table of MAC addresses and port mapping that a switch uses to
identify connected networking devices
◍ CNAME record (canonical name record).
Answer: used to specify that a domain name is an alias for another domain
(alias for a hostname)
◍ SNMPv2 (Simple Network Management Protocol version 2).
Answer: version of SNMP that was not directly compatible with SNMPv1,
had too many variants, and was not fully accepted by the industry
◍ What is a monitoring tool used for capturing traffic statistics?.
Answer: NetFlow
◍ long haul.
Answer: The transmission of data over hundreds or thousands of miles
◍ hybrid cloud.
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Frequency hopping.
Answer: The transmitter and receiver change predetermined frequencies at
the same time (in a synchronized manner).
◍ OFDM (orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing).
Answer: method of digital signal modulation in which a single data stream is
split into smaller subchannels to reduce interference and crosstalk
◍ MOU (memorandum of understanding).
Answer: a formal agreement between two or more parties to establish
official service partnerships;sometimes called letter of intent (LOI)
◍ What is the significance of the Shot Spotter application?.
Answer: It allows for quick police alerts even when a 911 call is not
received.
◍ Network Diagram.
Answer: •A visual representation that illustrates the components of a
network and how they are interconnected-Can be divided into 3 seprate
layers-Layer 1: Shows the physical interfaces for devices-Layer 2: Shows
MAC addresses for different devices-Layer 3: Shows IP address for
different devices
◍ Codec.
Answer: dictates the structure of a video and how a camera encodes and
compresses - MJPEG- H.264
◍ Reflective/Amplified DoS Attack.
, Answer: An attack that uses spoofing to carry out the attack and is a
combination of a reflection attack and an amplification attack
◍ 802.11g.
Answer: 2.4 GHz frequency range.-Maximum bandwidth of 54
Mbps-Backward compatible with 802.11b
◍ Path Vector Protocol.
Answer: •Type of dynamic routing protocol that maintains the entire path
(or list of autonomous systems) a data packet needs to traverse to reach its
destination-Used primarily in interdomain routing
◍ T1 Timer.
Answer: •Checks in with DHCP server to renew lease at 50% of lease time
◍ NS Record (Name Server Record).
Answer: A record that specifies the name of the authoritative name server of
the domain
◍ What is the best tool to use to check device known issues for a Sprint
customer?.
Answer: Customer Support Tool (CST)
◍ Secure Access Secure Edge (SASE).
Answer: •A cloud-based architecture that combines network security
functions with WAN capabilities to securely connect users, devices, and
applications from any location-Security technologies are moved to the
cloud-A next generation VPN
◍ Multi-Fiber Push-On (MPO).
Answer: •A high-density fiber optic connector that supports multiple fibers
in a single rectangular interface-Widely used in environments requiring high
data throughput and efficient space utilization-Can support 8, 12, 16, or 24
fibers in a single connector
◍ Star/hub-and-spoke.
Answer: •A wired network topology in which all computers in the network
, connect to a central wiring point-Used in small and large networks-Provides
fault tolerance
◍ Hub.
Answer: •Network device that provides a common point for the connection
of network devices-Repeats all frames and sends them to other connected
devices(broadcast frames)-Creates a single collision domain -Works at half
duplex (Cannot send and recieve data at the same time)-Replaced by
switches-Operates at Layer 1 of the OSI model (Physical)
◍ Route bridge selection.
Answer: •The process used by Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) to elect the
root bridge, which serves as the central point of reference in a network to
prevent loops in a Layer 2 topology.-All bridges/switches are assigned a
bridge ID between 0 and 61440-Lowest ID is chosen
◍ iSCSI (Internet Small Computer Systems Interface).
Answer: technology that enables the SCSI protocol to communicate over IP
networks
◍ Application Programming Interface (API).
Answer: •A set of rules, protocols, and tools that allow software applications
to communicate with each other
◍ IPv4.
Answer: • A 32-bit binary number assigned to a computer on a TCP/IP
network. -Has 2 main parts: Network ID and Host ID-Supports around 4.29
billion addresses-Ex: 192.168.4.33
◍ During a network tap, all data arrives at monitoring device ....
Answer: in real time.
◍ Single Mode Fiber.
Answer: •A type of fiber optic cable that provide a single pathway for light
to travel and are defined by their small core size of approximately 8.3
µm-The light source is usually lasers-Up to 100 km without
processing-More expensive and difficult to install than multimode fiber
, ◍ We strive to be the most _______ company in the History of our industry!.
Answer: loved
◍ ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol).
Answer: •A TCP/IP protocol used to handle many low level functions such
as error or information reporting-Operates at layer 3-This is how the ping
command utility works-Does not use a port but is connectionless(UDP)
◍ Management Information Base.
Answer: the text file database that defines what information can be collected
from a device
◍ Configuration Management.
Answer: •The process of maintaining, monitoring, and controlling the
configurations of networking devices and systems to ensure optimal
performance, security, and consistency across an organization's network
infrastructure-Identify and document hardware/software settings-Rebuild
systems if disaster occurs
◍ Content Addressable Memory (CAM).
Answer: A table of MAC addresses and port mapping that a switch uses to
identify connected networking devices
◍ CNAME record (canonical name record).
Answer: used to specify that a domain name is an alias for another domain
(alias for a hostname)
◍ SNMPv2 (Simple Network Management Protocol version 2).
Answer: version of SNMP that was not directly compatible with SNMPv1,
had too many variants, and was not fully accepted by the industry
◍ What is a monitoring tool used for capturing traffic statistics?.
Answer: NetFlow
◍ long haul.
Answer: The transmission of data over hundreds or thousands of miles
◍ hybrid cloud.
