RN VATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL ASSESSMENT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+. 100% Verified Solutions | Updated Per Latest Guidelines | Graded A+
Core Domains
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Management
Gastrointestinal and Renal Systems
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Neurological and Musculoskeletal Conditions
Infection Control and Immunology
Perioperative and Wound Care
Pharmacology and Pain Management
Psychosocial and Ethical Considerations
Legal, Regulatory, and Quality Improvement
Introduction
This comprehensive assessment is designed to evaluate the advanced knowledge and clinical judgment of the
registered nurse in the adult medical-surgical setting. The exam encompasses foundational theory, applied
professional knowledge, regulatory compliance, and critical decision-making skills essential for safe and effective
patient care. Featuring 100 multiple-choice questions, the test is structured to challenge the nurse's ability to
prioritize, delegate, and implement evidence-based interventions in complex, real-world scenarios. Each question is
crafted to reflect the latest standards of practice, emphasizing patient safety, ethical principles, and the integration
,of interdisciplinary care. Successful completion of this assessment indicates a high level of readiness for
professional nursing practice.
Section One: Questions 1–100
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to a client. Which action should the nurse take first
to ensure client safety?
A. Verify the client's identity using two identifiers
B. Set the infusion pump to run the blood over 4 hours
C. Obtain vital signs and document them in the chart
D. Assess the patency of the IV line with normal saline
🟢 A. Verify the client's identity using two identifiers
🔴 RATIONALE: The first action in any blood transfusion is to verify the client's identity using two unique
identifiers to prevent a transfusion error, which is a sentinel event. The other actions are important but follow
after ensuring the correct client and blood product are matched.
2. A client with heart failure has a prescription for furosemide. Which laboratory value should the nurse
monitor most closely?
,A. Serum creatinine
B. Serum potassium
C. Serum sodium
D. BUN
🟢 B. Serum potassium
🔴 RATIONALE: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes significant potassium loss. Hypokalemia is a common
and dangerous side effect, increasing the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias. While renal function is monitored,
electrolyte imbalance is the priority.
3. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which intravenous fluid should the
nurse anticipate being prescribed for initial fluid resuscitation?
A. 0.9% Normal Saline
B. 0.45% Normal Saline
C. Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W)
D. Lactated Ringer's
🟢 A. 0.9% Normal Saline
🔴 RATIONALE: Normal saline (0.9% NS) is the preferred initial fluid for resuscitation in DKA to restore
intravascular volume and correct dehydration. D5W is added later to prevent hypoglycemia when insulin is
administered, and hypotonic solutions are not used for initial volume expansion.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a client post-operative day 1 following a total hip arthroplasty. Which assessment
finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Pain rating of 4 on a scale of 0-10
B. Mild erythema around the surgical incision
C. Absence of pedal pulse on the operative leg
D. Client reports feeling tired
🟢 C. Absence of pedal pulse on the operative leg
🔴 RATIONALE: An absent pedal pulse indicates a potential compromise to vascular integrity or a developing
compartment syndrome, which is an emergency and requires immediate surgical evaluation to prevent limb
loss.
5. A client with cirrhosis is exhibiting signs of hepatic encephalopathy. Which dietary modification is most
appropriate for this client?
A. High-protein diet
B. Low-sodium diet
C. Low-protein diet
D. High-carbohydrate diet
🟢 C. Low-protein diet
A+. 100% Verified Solutions | Updated Per Latest Guidelines | Graded A+
Core Domains
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Management
Gastrointestinal and Renal Systems
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Neurological and Musculoskeletal Conditions
Infection Control and Immunology
Perioperative and Wound Care
Pharmacology and Pain Management
Psychosocial and Ethical Considerations
Legal, Regulatory, and Quality Improvement
Introduction
This comprehensive assessment is designed to evaluate the advanced knowledge and clinical judgment of the
registered nurse in the adult medical-surgical setting. The exam encompasses foundational theory, applied
professional knowledge, regulatory compliance, and critical decision-making skills essential for safe and effective
patient care. Featuring 100 multiple-choice questions, the test is structured to challenge the nurse's ability to
prioritize, delegate, and implement evidence-based interventions in complex, real-world scenarios. Each question is
crafted to reflect the latest standards of practice, emphasizing patient safety, ethical principles, and the integration
,of interdisciplinary care. Successful completion of this assessment indicates a high level of readiness for
professional nursing practice.
Section One: Questions 1–100
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to a client. Which action should the nurse take first
to ensure client safety?
A. Verify the client's identity using two identifiers
B. Set the infusion pump to run the blood over 4 hours
C. Obtain vital signs and document them in the chart
D. Assess the patency of the IV line with normal saline
🟢 A. Verify the client's identity using two identifiers
🔴 RATIONALE: The first action in any blood transfusion is to verify the client's identity using two unique
identifiers to prevent a transfusion error, which is a sentinel event. The other actions are important but follow
after ensuring the correct client and blood product are matched.
2. A client with heart failure has a prescription for furosemide. Which laboratory value should the nurse
monitor most closely?
,A. Serum creatinine
B. Serum potassium
C. Serum sodium
D. BUN
🟢 B. Serum potassium
🔴 RATIONALE: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes significant potassium loss. Hypokalemia is a common
and dangerous side effect, increasing the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias. While renal function is monitored,
electrolyte imbalance is the priority.
3. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which intravenous fluid should the
nurse anticipate being prescribed for initial fluid resuscitation?
A. 0.9% Normal Saline
B. 0.45% Normal Saline
C. Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W)
D. Lactated Ringer's
🟢 A. 0.9% Normal Saline
🔴 RATIONALE: Normal saline (0.9% NS) is the preferred initial fluid for resuscitation in DKA to restore
intravascular volume and correct dehydration. D5W is added later to prevent hypoglycemia when insulin is
administered, and hypotonic solutions are not used for initial volume expansion.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a client post-operative day 1 following a total hip arthroplasty. Which assessment
finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Pain rating of 4 on a scale of 0-10
B. Mild erythema around the surgical incision
C. Absence of pedal pulse on the operative leg
D. Client reports feeling tired
🟢 C. Absence of pedal pulse on the operative leg
🔴 RATIONALE: An absent pedal pulse indicates a potential compromise to vascular integrity or a developing
compartment syndrome, which is an emergency and requires immediate surgical evaluation to prevent limb
loss.
5. A client with cirrhosis is exhibiting signs of hepatic encephalopathy. Which dietary modification is most
appropriate for this client?
A. High-protein diet
B. Low-sodium diet
C. Low-protein diet
D. High-carbohydrate diet
🟢 C. Low-protein diet
