Marine Biology Exam 4 Questions and Answers | Latest 2026 Update
Q: What is an EEZ?
Answer:
And what does it allow? An EEZ is an Exclusive Economic Zone. It is within 200
nautical miles of a coastline and gives the country exclusive rights to fishing and
other natural resources within this zone. EEZs were established by the UNCLOS
Name the 3 sections of ocean jurisdiction and who is responsible for them. -State:
0-3 miles off the coast Federal: 3-200 miles off the coast EEZ: 200 nautical miles off
the coast Name the 3 levels of government responsible for regulating conservation
and marine Reserves. Department of Commerce National Marine Fisheries NOAA
What are some of the potential benefits that Marine Reserves may bring about?
Marine reserves are able to reduce fishing mortality by prohibiting fishing in a
specific area. They can also reduce bycatch by prohibiting fishing of a species that is
typically harvested with a substantial amount of bycatch. Marine reserves can help
fish stocks rebound and protect the habitat in general by preventing the occurrence of
destructive fishing practices such as bottom trawling How are Marine Reserves
different from Marine Protected Areas? A marine reserve is an area where some or
all fishing is prohibited for a lengthy period of time (Related to fishing only). Stricter
than MPAs, and has an actual legal protection against fishing or development. A
marine protected area is a "geographic area with discrete boundaries [like the
boundaries of a piece of real estate or a park] that has been designated to enhance the
conservation of marine resources" (Ocean Studies Board). For example, a marine
protected area might prohibit activities like oil and gas drilling, while allowing
fishing.
,Q: s In 2016, Congress created the National Oceans and Coastal Security Fund but
failed to appropriate funding or establish a source of future funding. What does
this fund represent?
Answer:
The fund represents an important step toward managing and protecting our nation's
valuable oceans resources Given the number of ocean and coastal needs that are
currently unmet or underfunded, it is critically important to identify the best sources
of revenue that could be harnessed to capitalize a dedicated, permanent fund. There
are a number of possibilities, what are they? allocating a portion of federal revenue
from current offshore oil and gas leases using penalties from activities that are
detrimental to ocean and coastal health fees collected from recreational licenses and
other sources In the Ocean Action Agenda Report, what actions were proposed for
the Trump administration and the Congress should take to effectively manage
America's ocean and coastal resources? Promote healthy and safe communities and
economies Promote and support ocean collaboration Sustain leadership on
international ocean issues Close critical gaps in ocean science to spur economic
growth Demonstrate leadership in the Arctic Sustain a healthy economy by
supporting healthy ecosystems Promote sustainable fisheries Encourage sustainable
approaches to offshore energy development Provide consistent financial support for
ocean and coastal priorities What is the ESA? Endangered Species Act- protects
endangered and threatened species Give me some hope! Has the ESA worked? Give
an example. Yes. Protected grizzly bears, sea otters, and the bald eagle.
, Q: We should all give Palua our utmost gratitude, why?
Answer:
What did they recently create? International sanctuary Describe and explain why
Marine Protected Areas (MPA) are important for an ecosystem. What positives do
they bring? Marine protected areas have been shown to have greater biomass and
biodiversity than the surrounding unprotected areas. They also support the ecosystem
outside of their boundaries as fish and other species travel from the MPA into the
surrounding waters thus replenishing populations outside of the MPA. Briefly
describe the Magnuson-Stevens Act and its general purpose. This is an umbrella law
to protect fish in the exclusive economic zones (EEZ). It was amended to protect
against overfishing. What is NMFS and what does it do? National Marine Fisheries
Service- an agency within NOAA Assess and predict the stocks and statuses of
fisheries Name 2 marine federal regulations. Magnuson-Stevens Act Endangered
Species Act Name 2 international marine regulations. CITES MARPOL What is
CITES, what does it do? Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species
An international agreement between governments that aims to ensure international
trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival What is
IUCN, what does it do? International Union for Conservation of Nature- world's 1st
global environmental organization
Q: What is an EEZ?
Answer:
And what does it allow? An EEZ is an Exclusive Economic Zone. It is within 200
nautical miles of a coastline and gives the country exclusive rights to fishing and
other natural resources within this zone. EEZs were established by the UNCLOS
Name the 3 sections of ocean jurisdiction and who is responsible for them. -State:
0-3 miles off the coast Federal: 3-200 miles off the coast EEZ: 200 nautical miles off
the coast Name the 3 levels of government responsible for regulating conservation
and marine Reserves. Department of Commerce National Marine Fisheries NOAA
What are some of the potential benefits that Marine Reserves may bring about?
Marine reserves are able to reduce fishing mortality by prohibiting fishing in a
specific area. They can also reduce bycatch by prohibiting fishing of a species that is
typically harvested with a substantial amount of bycatch. Marine reserves can help
fish stocks rebound and protect the habitat in general by preventing the occurrence of
destructive fishing practices such as bottom trawling How are Marine Reserves
different from Marine Protected Areas? A marine reserve is an area where some or
all fishing is prohibited for a lengthy period of time (Related to fishing only). Stricter
than MPAs, and has an actual legal protection against fishing or development. A
marine protected area is a "geographic area with discrete boundaries [like the
boundaries of a piece of real estate or a park] that has been designated to enhance the
conservation of marine resources" (Ocean Studies Board). For example, a marine
protected area might prohibit activities like oil and gas drilling, while allowing
fishing.
,Q: s In 2016, Congress created the National Oceans and Coastal Security Fund but
failed to appropriate funding or establish a source of future funding. What does
this fund represent?
Answer:
The fund represents an important step toward managing and protecting our nation's
valuable oceans resources Given the number of ocean and coastal needs that are
currently unmet or underfunded, it is critically important to identify the best sources
of revenue that could be harnessed to capitalize a dedicated, permanent fund. There
are a number of possibilities, what are they? allocating a portion of federal revenue
from current offshore oil and gas leases using penalties from activities that are
detrimental to ocean and coastal health fees collected from recreational licenses and
other sources In the Ocean Action Agenda Report, what actions were proposed for
the Trump administration and the Congress should take to effectively manage
America's ocean and coastal resources? Promote healthy and safe communities and
economies Promote and support ocean collaboration Sustain leadership on
international ocean issues Close critical gaps in ocean science to spur economic
growth Demonstrate leadership in the Arctic Sustain a healthy economy by
supporting healthy ecosystems Promote sustainable fisheries Encourage sustainable
approaches to offshore energy development Provide consistent financial support for
ocean and coastal priorities What is the ESA? Endangered Species Act- protects
endangered and threatened species Give me some hope! Has the ESA worked? Give
an example. Yes. Protected grizzly bears, sea otters, and the bald eagle.
, Q: We should all give Palua our utmost gratitude, why?
Answer:
What did they recently create? International sanctuary Describe and explain why
Marine Protected Areas (MPA) are important for an ecosystem. What positives do
they bring? Marine protected areas have been shown to have greater biomass and
biodiversity than the surrounding unprotected areas. They also support the ecosystem
outside of their boundaries as fish and other species travel from the MPA into the
surrounding waters thus replenishing populations outside of the MPA. Briefly
describe the Magnuson-Stevens Act and its general purpose. This is an umbrella law
to protect fish in the exclusive economic zones (EEZ). It was amended to protect
against overfishing. What is NMFS and what does it do? National Marine Fisheries
Service- an agency within NOAA Assess and predict the stocks and statuses of
fisheries Name 2 marine federal regulations. Magnuson-Stevens Act Endangered
Species Act Name 2 international marine regulations. CITES MARPOL What is
CITES, what does it do? Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species
An international agreement between governments that aims to ensure international
trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival What is
IUCN, what does it do? International Union for Conservation of Nature- world's 1st
global environmental organization
