NURS 3366 Exam 1 Exam Prep 2026/2027 | Questions &
Correct Answers | Graded A+
1. What does decompensation refer to in physiology?
The process of tissue regeneration
An increase in physiological function
A state of homeostasis
Failure to compensate or heal from injuries
2. How are genetic mutations related to genetic disorders?
A mutation is a temporary change in the genetic code that can result
in a genetic disorder.
There is no difference, they are synonymous.
A mutation is a permanent, heritable change in the genetic code
that can result in a genetic disorder.
A genetic disorder is a heritable change in the genetic code that can
result in a genetic mutation.
3. What does the term 'prognosis' refer to in a medical context?
The immediate symptoms of a condition
The treatment plan for a disease
The predicted outcome of a disease
The genetic basis of a disorder
4. If a new recombinant DNA therapy is developed to treat a specific genetic
disorder, what potential benefit could it provide to patients?
, Correction of the underlying genetic defect
Temporary relief of symptoms
Permanent immunity to all diseases
Increased risk of other diseases
5. What are the four primary mechanisms of disease development mentioned in
the text?
Genetic mutations, lifestyle choices, infections, and inflammation
Infection, inflammation, genetic mutations, and environmental
factors
Environmental factors, psychological stress, genetic mutations, and
infections
Hormonal changes, nutrient deficiencies, infections, and toxins
6. What is recombinant DNA technology?
None of the above
Separating DNA from 2 or more sources.
Joining together DNA from 4 or more sources.
Joining together DNA from 2 or more sources.
7. Recombinant DNA technology is used to produce which of the following
medications?
hepatitis B vaccine
insulin
human growth hormone
all of the above
,8. What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?
A symptom is a potentially lethal consequence of an infectious
disease, while a sign is not lethal
A sign is an objective, observable change, while a symptom is a
subjective change that the patient experiences but that cannot be
seen by an outside observer.
A sign is a potentially lethal consequence of an infectious disease,
while a symptom is not lethal
A symptom is an objective, observable change, while a sign is a
subjective change that the patient experiences but that cannot be
seen by an outside observer.
9. If a person with an autosomal dominant disorder has a child, what is the
probability that the child will inherit the disorder?
50%
25%
100%
75%
10. What do you expect if an individual is heterozygous for the sickle-cell trait?
None of the listed choices are correct
They will not develop sickle-cell disease
They will show some symptoms of the disease because the allele that
causes sickle-cell disease is not really recessive
They will be more apt to acquire a serious case of malaria
, 11. Describe the difference between clinical signs and symptoms in medical
diagnosis.
Clinical signs are observable by healthcare providers, while
symptoms are subjective experiences reported by patients.
Clinical signs are always more severe than symptoms.
Clinical signs are only related to genetic disorders.
Symptoms can be measured, whereas clinical signs cannot.
12. Describe how genetic mutations can influence traits and lead to diseases.
Genetic mutations are always beneficial and enhance traits.
Genetic mutations have no impact on protein function.
Genetic mutations only affect physical traits without causing diseases.
Genetic mutations can alter the function of proteins, which may
result in the manifestation of diseases and affect physical traits.
13. Describe how age can influence the prognosis of a disease.
Age can affect prognosis as older individuals may have a higher
risk of complications and comorbidities.
Younger individuals always have a better prognosis regardless of the
disease.
Age has no impact on disease outcomes.
Age only affects the treatment options available.
14. Using recombinant DNA technology, which substance has been made into a
recombinant DNA technology drug?
human growth factor
Correct Answers | Graded A+
1. What does decompensation refer to in physiology?
The process of tissue regeneration
An increase in physiological function
A state of homeostasis
Failure to compensate or heal from injuries
2. How are genetic mutations related to genetic disorders?
A mutation is a temporary change in the genetic code that can result
in a genetic disorder.
There is no difference, they are synonymous.
A mutation is a permanent, heritable change in the genetic code
that can result in a genetic disorder.
A genetic disorder is a heritable change in the genetic code that can
result in a genetic mutation.
3. What does the term 'prognosis' refer to in a medical context?
The immediate symptoms of a condition
The treatment plan for a disease
The predicted outcome of a disease
The genetic basis of a disorder
4. If a new recombinant DNA therapy is developed to treat a specific genetic
disorder, what potential benefit could it provide to patients?
, Correction of the underlying genetic defect
Temporary relief of symptoms
Permanent immunity to all diseases
Increased risk of other diseases
5. What are the four primary mechanisms of disease development mentioned in
the text?
Genetic mutations, lifestyle choices, infections, and inflammation
Infection, inflammation, genetic mutations, and environmental
factors
Environmental factors, psychological stress, genetic mutations, and
infections
Hormonal changes, nutrient deficiencies, infections, and toxins
6. What is recombinant DNA technology?
None of the above
Separating DNA from 2 or more sources.
Joining together DNA from 4 or more sources.
Joining together DNA from 2 or more sources.
7. Recombinant DNA technology is used to produce which of the following
medications?
hepatitis B vaccine
insulin
human growth hormone
all of the above
,8. What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?
A symptom is a potentially lethal consequence of an infectious
disease, while a sign is not lethal
A sign is an objective, observable change, while a symptom is a
subjective change that the patient experiences but that cannot be
seen by an outside observer.
A sign is a potentially lethal consequence of an infectious disease,
while a symptom is not lethal
A symptom is an objective, observable change, while a sign is a
subjective change that the patient experiences but that cannot be
seen by an outside observer.
9. If a person with an autosomal dominant disorder has a child, what is the
probability that the child will inherit the disorder?
50%
25%
100%
75%
10. What do you expect if an individual is heterozygous for the sickle-cell trait?
None of the listed choices are correct
They will not develop sickle-cell disease
They will show some symptoms of the disease because the allele that
causes sickle-cell disease is not really recessive
They will be more apt to acquire a serious case of malaria
, 11. Describe the difference between clinical signs and symptoms in medical
diagnosis.
Clinical signs are observable by healthcare providers, while
symptoms are subjective experiences reported by patients.
Clinical signs are always more severe than symptoms.
Clinical signs are only related to genetic disorders.
Symptoms can be measured, whereas clinical signs cannot.
12. Describe how genetic mutations can influence traits and lead to diseases.
Genetic mutations are always beneficial and enhance traits.
Genetic mutations have no impact on protein function.
Genetic mutations only affect physical traits without causing diseases.
Genetic mutations can alter the function of proteins, which may
result in the manifestation of diseases and affect physical traits.
13. Describe how age can influence the prognosis of a disease.
Age can affect prognosis as older individuals may have a higher
risk of complications and comorbidities.
Younger individuals always have a better prognosis regardless of the
disease.
Age has no impact on disease outcomes.
Age only affects the treatment options available.
14. Using recombinant DNA technology, which substance has been made into a
recombinant DNA technology drug?
human growth factor
