BSN HESI 315 Pharmacology Exam
V1 –Actual Questions with Revised
Answers, 100% Verified -
Nightingale College
What hormone stimulates the release of the follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH) from both male and female glands?
A)Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
B)Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
C)Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
D)Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH) - ANSWER c
The male and female glands respond to luteinizing hormone (LH) and FSH,
which are released from the anterior pituitary in response to stimulation
from GnRH that is released from the hypothalamus. GHRH stimulates the
release of the growth hormone, which targets cell growth. TRH stimulates
the thyroid-stimulating hormone, which targets the thyroid gland. PRH
stimulates the release of prolactin, which is necessary for milk production.
A nurse is providing patient education to a patient as part of her work in a
fertility clinic. The nurse explains possible reasons for infertility. When
explaining how the ovaries are involved in conception, what will the nurse
stress?
A)Ova quickly degenerate and most are absorbed in the body before the
age of 12.
B)The ovaries at birth contain all of the ova that a woman will have.
C)Ova aggregate, causing millions to be contained in a storage site called
a follicle.
D)Follicles produce only estrogen; the uterus produces progesterone. -
ANSWER b
It would be important to explain that the woman's ova do not increase or
decrease from birth to childbearing years. The nurse will stress that all the
ova that a woman will have will be present at birth. The patient should
,understand that if she does not ovulate 1 month or for several months, it is
not because she has done something to her body to cause this. Ova slowly
degenerate over a lifetime or they are released once a month until
menopause is complete. Each ovum is contained in a storage site called a
follicle, which produces the female sex hormones, estrogen and
progesterone.
The nursing instructor is discussing the physiology of pregnancy with her
clinical group. What hormone, produced during pregnancy, would the
instructor tell the students helps to maintain the pregnancy until birth of the
fetus?
A)High levels of estrogen only
B)High levels of estrogen, low levels of progesterone
C)Low levels of estrogen, high levels of progesterone
D)High levels of estrogen and progesterone - ANSWER D
Feedback:
In a pregnant woman, both estrogen and progesterone hormones have
specific functions. High levels of both hormones are needed for the
maintenance of pregnancy.
The nursing instructor is talking with her class of students about the female
reproductive system. A student is trying to understand the role of
progesterone in the body. What nonreproductive affect does progesterone
have on the body?
A)Decreased body temperature B)Decreased appetite C)Anti-
insulinD)Increased uterine motility - ANSWER C
Feedback:
Progesterone has an anti-insulin effect to generate a higher blood glucose
concentration to allow for rapid diffusion of glucose to the developing
embryo. Body temperature and appetite are increased by progesterone.
Uterine motility is decreased to provide increased chance that implantation
can occur.
,What hormone causes ovulation to occur? A)Adrenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH)
B)Luteinizing hormone (LH)
C)Prolactin
D)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - ANSWER B
Feedback:
When the circulating estrogen level rises high enough, it stimulates a
massive release of LH from the anterior pituitary causing one of the
developing follicles to burst and release the ovum with its stored hormones
into the system. ACTH targets the adrenal corticosteroid hormone, which
helps prepare the body for the "fight or flight" response. Prolactin is
responsible for milk production and FSH in combination with LH stimulate
follicles on the outer surface of the uterus to grow and develop and also
stimulates the release of estrogen and progesterone.
A 16-year-old girl comes to the clinic complaining of severe menstrual
cramps. The girl is concerned about the pain and worried that "something is
wrong." The nurse explains to the patient that she has cramping during her
menstrual period because of what?
A)An increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone, which cause
uterine contractions
B)Low levels of plasminogen in the uterus that cause the shedding of the
lining of the uterus
C)Prostaglandins in the uterus, which stimulate uterine contractions to
clamp off vessels as the lining of her uterus sheds
D)An increase in progesterone and a decrease of estrogen cause the lining
of the uterus to slough away - ANSWER C Feedback:
Prostaglandins in the uterus stimulate uterine contractions to clamp off
vessels in the lining of the uterus, which is the cause of the cramping. The
decrease of estrogen and progesterone after the involution of the corpus
luteum triggers the release of follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) and
luteinizing hormone (LH). The decreased levels of FSH and LH cause the
inner lining of the uterus to slough off because the vascular system is no
longer being stimulated. High, not low, levels of plasminogen in the uterus
prevent clotting of the lining as the vessels shear off.
, What drug would the nurse expect to administer if beta-specific adrenergic
agonist effects are desired to prevent bronchospasm during anesthesia?
A)Dobutamine (Dobutrex) B)Ephedrine (generic) C)Isoproterenol (Isuprel)
D)Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - ANSWER C
Isoproterenol is a beta-specific adrenergic agonist used to prevent
bronchospasm during anesthesia. Phenylephrine is an alpha-specific
adrenergic agonist. Both dobutamine and ephedrine are alpha- and beta-
adrenergic agonists.
The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for four patients. Which patient
should be advised by the nurse that over-the-counter cold and allergy
preparations contain phenylephrine and should be avoided?
A)A 47-year-old woman with hypertensionB)A 52-year-old man with adult
onset diabetes
C)A 17-year-old girl with symptoms of an upper respiratory infection
D)A 62-year-old man with gout - ANSWER A
Feedback:
Phenylephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor and alpha1-agonist with little or no
effect on the heart or bronchi, is used in many combination cold and allergy
products. Patients with hypertension should avoid these drugs because
serious increases in blood pressure could occur. Use of this drug in
patients with diabetes and gout are not contraindicated. An upper
respiratory infection may be an indication for the drug.
The nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient receiving an alpha-specific
adrenergic agonist. What should this plan of care include?
A)Monitoring the patient for diarrhea
B)Monitoring blood pressure and heart rate every 2 to 4 hours
C)Assessing skin turgor for dehydration D)Assessing for fatigue and
lethargy - ANSWER B
Sympathetic stimulation will cause hypertension and increased heart rate
so it is important these be monitored. Sympathetic stimulation will also
result in increased sweating, decreased gastrointestinal activity, and a
sense of anxiety and heightened awareness. Diarrhea, dehydration,
fatigue, and lethargy would not be expected.
V1 –Actual Questions with Revised
Answers, 100% Verified -
Nightingale College
What hormone stimulates the release of the follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH) from both male and female glands?
A)Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
B)Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
C)Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
D)Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH) - ANSWER c
The male and female glands respond to luteinizing hormone (LH) and FSH,
which are released from the anterior pituitary in response to stimulation
from GnRH that is released from the hypothalamus. GHRH stimulates the
release of the growth hormone, which targets cell growth. TRH stimulates
the thyroid-stimulating hormone, which targets the thyroid gland. PRH
stimulates the release of prolactin, which is necessary for milk production.
A nurse is providing patient education to a patient as part of her work in a
fertility clinic. The nurse explains possible reasons for infertility. When
explaining how the ovaries are involved in conception, what will the nurse
stress?
A)Ova quickly degenerate and most are absorbed in the body before the
age of 12.
B)The ovaries at birth contain all of the ova that a woman will have.
C)Ova aggregate, causing millions to be contained in a storage site called
a follicle.
D)Follicles produce only estrogen; the uterus produces progesterone. -
ANSWER b
It would be important to explain that the woman's ova do not increase or
decrease from birth to childbearing years. The nurse will stress that all the
ova that a woman will have will be present at birth. The patient should
,understand that if she does not ovulate 1 month or for several months, it is
not because she has done something to her body to cause this. Ova slowly
degenerate over a lifetime or they are released once a month until
menopause is complete. Each ovum is contained in a storage site called a
follicle, which produces the female sex hormones, estrogen and
progesterone.
The nursing instructor is discussing the physiology of pregnancy with her
clinical group. What hormone, produced during pregnancy, would the
instructor tell the students helps to maintain the pregnancy until birth of the
fetus?
A)High levels of estrogen only
B)High levels of estrogen, low levels of progesterone
C)Low levels of estrogen, high levels of progesterone
D)High levels of estrogen and progesterone - ANSWER D
Feedback:
In a pregnant woman, both estrogen and progesterone hormones have
specific functions. High levels of both hormones are needed for the
maintenance of pregnancy.
The nursing instructor is talking with her class of students about the female
reproductive system. A student is trying to understand the role of
progesterone in the body. What nonreproductive affect does progesterone
have on the body?
A)Decreased body temperature B)Decreased appetite C)Anti-
insulinD)Increased uterine motility - ANSWER C
Feedback:
Progesterone has an anti-insulin effect to generate a higher blood glucose
concentration to allow for rapid diffusion of glucose to the developing
embryo. Body temperature and appetite are increased by progesterone.
Uterine motility is decreased to provide increased chance that implantation
can occur.
,What hormone causes ovulation to occur? A)Adrenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH)
B)Luteinizing hormone (LH)
C)Prolactin
D)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - ANSWER B
Feedback:
When the circulating estrogen level rises high enough, it stimulates a
massive release of LH from the anterior pituitary causing one of the
developing follicles to burst and release the ovum with its stored hormones
into the system. ACTH targets the adrenal corticosteroid hormone, which
helps prepare the body for the "fight or flight" response. Prolactin is
responsible for milk production and FSH in combination with LH stimulate
follicles on the outer surface of the uterus to grow and develop and also
stimulates the release of estrogen and progesterone.
A 16-year-old girl comes to the clinic complaining of severe menstrual
cramps. The girl is concerned about the pain and worried that "something is
wrong." The nurse explains to the patient that she has cramping during her
menstrual period because of what?
A)An increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone, which cause
uterine contractions
B)Low levels of plasminogen in the uterus that cause the shedding of the
lining of the uterus
C)Prostaglandins in the uterus, which stimulate uterine contractions to
clamp off vessels as the lining of her uterus sheds
D)An increase in progesterone and a decrease of estrogen cause the lining
of the uterus to slough away - ANSWER C Feedback:
Prostaglandins in the uterus stimulate uterine contractions to clamp off
vessels in the lining of the uterus, which is the cause of the cramping. The
decrease of estrogen and progesterone after the involution of the corpus
luteum triggers the release of follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) and
luteinizing hormone (LH). The decreased levels of FSH and LH cause the
inner lining of the uterus to slough off because the vascular system is no
longer being stimulated. High, not low, levels of plasminogen in the uterus
prevent clotting of the lining as the vessels shear off.
, What drug would the nurse expect to administer if beta-specific adrenergic
agonist effects are desired to prevent bronchospasm during anesthesia?
A)Dobutamine (Dobutrex) B)Ephedrine (generic) C)Isoproterenol (Isuprel)
D)Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - ANSWER C
Isoproterenol is a beta-specific adrenergic agonist used to prevent
bronchospasm during anesthesia. Phenylephrine is an alpha-specific
adrenergic agonist. Both dobutamine and ephedrine are alpha- and beta-
adrenergic agonists.
The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for four patients. Which patient
should be advised by the nurse that over-the-counter cold and allergy
preparations contain phenylephrine and should be avoided?
A)A 47-year-old woman with hypertensionB)A 52-year-old man with adult
onset diabetes
C)A 17-year-old girl with symptoms of an upper respiratory infection
D)A 62-year-old man with gout - ANSWER A
Feedback:
Phenylephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor and alpha1-agonist with little or no
effect on the heart or bronchi, is used in many combination cold and allergy
products. Patients with hypertension should avoid these drugs because
serious increases in blood pressure could occur. Use of this drug in
patients with diabetes and gout are not contraindicated. An upper
respiratory infection may be an indication for the drug.
The nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient receiving an alpha-specific
adrenergic agonist. What should this plan of care include?
A)Monitoring the patient for diarrhea
B)Monitoring blood pressure and heart rate every 2 to 4 hours
C)Assessing skin turgor for dehydration D)Assessing for fatigue and
lethargy - ANSWER B
Sympathetic stimulation will cause hypertension and increased heart rate
so it is important these be monitored. Sympathetic stimulation will also
result in increased sweating, decreased gastrointestinal activity, and a
sense of anxiety and heightened awareness. Diarrhea, dehydration,
fatigue, and lethargy would not be expected.
