WSET Diploma D1 Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams Includes
Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
Vitis labrusca, Vitis riparia, Vitis berlandieri and Vitis ru-
Most important N American grape species
pestris
the main shoots, one-year-old wood, permanent wood
Four main sections of a grape vine
and the roots
The main shoots and all of their major structures -
What comprises the canopy of a vine? stem, buds, leaves, lateral shoots, tendrils and inflores-
cences/grape bunches
The main shoots on the vine grow in spring from buds
What do the main shoots grow from, and when?
retained from the previous year
Where are carbohydrates stored in a vine? Stems, trunks, roots
Green shoots become woody and rigid, they are then
Define lignify
called canes
Where do buds form? between the leaf stalk (petiole) and the stem
- Compound buds (form in one growing season and
break open the following growing season, producing
main shoots; typically a primary, secondary, and maybe
Define the two types of buds
tertiary)
- Prompt buds (form and break open same season, form
lateral shoots)
- to allow the plant to carry on growing if the tip of the
main shoot has been damaged or eaten
- can provide an additional source of leaves for photosyn-
What is the main function of lateral shoots? When are they thesis (useful if the laterals are near the ends of the main
desirable/undesirable? shoots)
- Growth of laterals nearer the base of the main shoot can
be undesirable as they impede air flow and can shade the
fruit too much
Lateral shoots often produce inflorescences, which can be
What is second crop?
known as a 'second crop'
, WSET Diploma D1 Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams Includes
Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
What is green harvesting? Removal of second crop during summer
the main shoots from the last growing season that were
Define one-year-old wood
kept at pruning, supports compound buds; cane or spur
woody parts of the vine that are older than one year,
Define permanent wood
including the trunk
where are most roots found? top 50cm of soil
what distinguishes PN clone 115? low Y, small grapes, good for high Q red wines
what distinguishes PN clone 521? high Y, bigger grapes, good for sparkling wine production
When is leaf fall and dormancy? Nov-March
When is budburst? March-April
When is shoot and leaf growth? March-July
When is flowering and fruit set? May-June
When is grape development? June-Oct
When is harvest? Sept-Oct
How does the vine support itself during dormancy? starch in the roots, trunk, and branches
Below what temp can vines be severly damaged? die? -15C, -25C
- air temp (>10C)
- soil temp (higher encourages earlier budburst)
What factors determine the timing of budburst? - variety
- human factors (e.g. winter pruning late -> later bud-
burst)
marked ditterences in temp can result in uniform bud-
Why is high continentality good for budburst?
burst
Chard, PN, Merlot, Grenache are budding early
SB, Cab, Syrah are budding late (need higher temps)
, what determines the vigor of a vine? rate of shoot growth
when does the fastest rate of shoot growth typically occur? between budburst and flowering
- excessive leaf removal
what could cause low carb levels in roots, trunk, and - water stress
branches? - mildew
- high crop loads in prev season
what can slow initial shoot growth rates? low carb levels
what supports shoot growth in later stages? photosynthesis
at what point of the vine growing cycle is water stress not
late stages of shoot growth (can attect photosynthesis)
desired?
- weak shoots
what can stunted shoot growth lead to? - reduction in leaf number/smaller leaves
- inflorescences that do not flower properly
- low temp (<25C)
- water stress
what can limit bud fruitfulness?
- shading
- nutrient deficiency
how long after budburst does flowering typically take
8 weeks (temp dependent)
place?
why are warm conditions (>17C) desired during flower-
speeds up flowering (occurs within a few days)
ing?
what % of flowers become grapes typically? 30%
what temp does pollen germination require? 26-32C
what negatively attects pollen tube growth? wind, rain, cold temps; wind, water stress, hot temps
A condition of the grape bunch in which fruit set has
define coulure
failed for a high proportion of flowers. This occurs when
Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
Vitis labrusca, Vitis riparia, Vitis berlandieri and Vitis ru-
Most important N American grape species
pestris
the main shoots, one-year-old wood, permanent wood
Four main sections of a grape vine
and the roots
The main shoots and all of their major structures -
What comprises the canopy of a vine? stem, buds, leaves, lateral shoots, tendrils and inflores-
cences/grape bunches
The main shoots on the vine grow in spring from buds
What do the main shoots grow from, and when?
retained from the previous year
Where are carbohydrates stored in a vine? Stems, trunks, roots
Green shoots become woody and rigid, they are then
Define lignify
called canes
Where do buds form? between the leaf stalk (petiole) and the stem
- Compound buds (form in one growing season and
break open the following growing season, producing
main shoots; typically a primary, secondary, and maybe
Define the two types of buds
tertiary)
- Prompt buds (form and break open same season, form
lateral shoots)
- to allow the plant to carry on growing if the tip of the
main shoot has been damaged or eaten
- can provide an additional source of leaves for photosyn-
What is the main function of lateral shoots? When are they thesis (useful if the laterals are near the ends of the main
desirable/undesirable? shoots)
- Growth of laterals nearer the base of the main shoot can
be undesirable as they impede air flow and can shade the
fruit too much
Lateral shoots often produce inflorescences, which can be
What is second crop?
known as a 'second crop'
, WSET Diploma D1 Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams Includes
Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
What is green harvesting? Removal of second crop during summer
the main shoots from the last growing season that were
Define one-year-old wood
kept at pruning, supports compound buds; cane or spur
woody parts of the vine that are older than one year,
Define permanent wood
including the trunk
where are most roots found? top 50cm of soil
what distinguishes PN clone 115? low Y, small grapes, good for high Q red wines
what distinguishes PN clone 521? high Y, bigger grapes, good for sparkling wine production
When is leaf fall and dormancy? Nov-March
When is budburst? March-April
When is shoot and leaf growth? March-July
When is flowering and fruit set? May-June
When is grape development? June-Oct
When is harvest? Sept-Oct
How does the vine support itself during dormancy? starch in the roots, trunk, and branches
Below what temp can vines be severly damaged? die? -15C, -25C
- air temp (>10C)
- soil temp (higher encourages earlier budburst)
What factors determine the timing of budburst? - variety
- human factors (e.g. winter pruning late -> later bud-
burst)
marked ditterences in temp can result in uniform bud-
Why is high continentality good for budburst?
burst
Chard, PN, Merlot, Grenache are budding early
SB, Cab, Syrah are budding late (need higher temps)
, what determines the vigor of a vine? rate of shoot growth
when does the fastest rate of shoot growth typically occur? between budburst and flowering
- excessive leaf removal
what could cause low carb levels in roots, trunk, and - water stress
branches? - mildew
- high crop loads in prev season
what can slow initial shoot growth rates? low carb levels
what supports shoot growth in later stages? photosynthesis
at what point of the vine growing cycle is water stress not
late stages of shoot growth (can attect photosynthesis)
desired?
- weak shoots
what can stunted shoot growth lead to? - reduction in leaf number/smaller leaves
- inflorescences that do not flower properly
- low temp (<25C)
- water stress
what can limit bud fruitfulness?
- shading
- nutrient deficiency
how long after budburst does flowering typically take
8 weeks (temp dependent)
place?
why are warm conditions (>17C) desired during flower-
speeds up flowering (occurs within a few days)
ing?
what % of flowers become grapes typically? 30%
what temp does pollen germination require? 26-32C
what negatively attects pollen tube growth? wind, rain, cold temps; wind, water stress, hot temps
A condition of the grape bunch in which fruit set has
define coulure
failed for a high proportion of flowers. This occurs when
