EDF 6222 Final Exam Questions with Correct
Answers
With ____ we look for the simplest explanation possible, not extensive mentalistic
explanations
Parsimony
While some methodological behaviorists accept that there are mental states, they have
ruled them completely out of consideration. This is not a new concept and was once
referred to as _____
Psychophysical Parallelism
Behaviorism might be thought of as a psychological version of logical positivism or
operationism is _____
Methodological
Structuralism relied on _____ which looked inward to describe sensations, images, and
feelings
Introspection
"Behaviorism is not the science of human behavior, it is the ______ of that science"
Philosophy
In order to be excellent stewards of science, as behavior analysts, we can follow a few
guidelines when gathering and evaluating evidence. This includes reducing ________ by
ensuring IOA, examining for actual ____, _____, and self-correction
Bias. Evidence, Replication
,Being scientifically skeptical meant that until there is available ______ assumptions
should not be made
Evidence
"_____ is more than the mere description of events as they occur. It is an attempt to
discover order, to show that certain events stand in ____ to other events"
Science, Lawful relations
In Pavlov's early research, he did not jump to conclusions to suggest that the dog was
'thinking' of food, and therefore salivating. Instead, he carefully controlled conditions
that allowed him to show that particular stimuli can 'acquire' the ability to elicit
secretion. His careful analysis of the scientific method allowed him to avoid both ___
and _____ fiction
Mentalistic, Explanatory
The evolutionary explanation for reflexes indicates that they are for the survival of the
organism. However, we know all too well that sometimes responses can be conditioned
that serve no purpose- even add a _____ purpose - to our complex lives
Debilitating
Skinner informed us 'although the process of ___ greatly extends the cope of the
eliciting stimulus, it does not bring all of the behavior of the organism within such
_______. Conditioning can add numerous different eliciting stimuli, but will never
fashion a ____ response
Conditioning, Stimulus control, Novel
, According to Skinner, contingencies of reinforcement have an edge over contingencies
of survival because contingencies of reinforcement "Have the edge with ____ and
______ and the conditions under which a species acquires behavior are relatively ____
and can often be manipulated"
Prediction, Control, Accessible
Is the learned behaviors of a particular animal during its lifetime
Ontogeny
Is behaviors that have been passed down over the lifetime of the entire species
Phylogeny
It can be difficult to distinguish between ontogenetic and phylogenic established
behaviors. For a person viewing a complex ___ for the first time, it may seem
mysterious. But each step of the chain can be traced back to the shaping process. Just
because the shaping process was not observed, it does not mean that it was not ______.
However when we view a spider spin a web, "no comparable history can be invoked" to
determine the phylogenic contingencies at work.
Chain, Learned
Moore stated ____ predispose an individuals susceptibility to influence from the ____
we must be careful not to assert that genes ______ behavior
Genes, Environment, Cause
Imitative responses necessarily require the learner to orient toward the ___ rather than
the topographical correspondence of their behavior with respect to the model
Model
Answers
With ____ we look for the simplest explanation possible, not extensive mentalistic
explanations
Parsimony
While some methodological behaviorists accept that there are mental states, they have
ruled them completely out of consideration. This is not a new concept and was once
referred to as _____
Psychophysical Parallelism
Behaviorism might be thought of as a psychological version of logical positivism or
operationism is _____
Methodological
Structuralism relied on _____ which looked inward to describe sensations, images, and
feelings
Introspection
"Behaviorism is not the science of human behavior, it is the ______ of that science"
Philosophy
In order to be excellent stewards of science, as behavior analysts, we can follow a few
guidelines when gathering and evaluating evidence. This includes reducing ________ by
ensuring IOA, examining for actual ____, _____, and self-correction
Bias. Evidence, Replication
,Being scientifically skeptical meant that until there is available ______ assumptions
should not be made
Evidence
"_____ is more than the mere description of events as they occur. It is an attempt to
discover order, to show that certain events stand in ____ to other events"
Science, Lawful relations
In Pavlov's early research, he did not jump to conclusions to suggest that the dog was
'thinking' of food, and therefore salivating. Instead, he carefully controlled conditions
that allowed him to show that particular stimuli can 'acquire' the ability to elicit
secretion. His careful analysis of the scientific method allowed him to avoid both ___
and _____ fiction
Mentalistic, Explanatory
The evolutionary explanation for reflexes indicates that they are for the survival of the
organism. However, we know all too well that sometimes responses can be conditioned
that serve no purpose- even add a _____ purpose - to our complex lives
Debilitating
Skinner informed us 'although the process of ___ greatly extends the cope of the
eliciting stimulus, it does not bring all of the behavior of the organism within such
_______. Conditioning can add numerous different eliciting stimuli, but will never
fashion a ____ response
Conditioning, Stimulus control, Novel
, According to Skinner, contingencies of reinforcement have an edge over contingencies
of survival because contingencies of reinforcement "Have the edge with ____ and
______ and the conditions under which a species acquires behavior are relatively ____
and can often be manipulated"
Prediction, Control, Accessible
Is the learned behaviors of a particular animal during its lifetime
Ontogeny
Is behaviors that have been passed down over the lifetime of the entire species
Phylogeny
It can be difficult to distinguish between ontogenetic and phylogenic established
behaviors. For a person viewing a complex ___ for the first time, it may seem
mysterious. But each step of the chain can be traced back to the shaping process. Just
because the shaping process was not observed, it does not mean that it was not ______.
However when we view a spider spin a web, "no comparable history can be invoked" to
determine the phylogenic contingencies at work.
Chain, Learned
Moore stated ____ predispose an individuals susceptibility to influence from the ____
we must be careful not to assert that genes ______ behavior
Genes, Environment, Cause
Imitative responses necessarily require the learner to orient toward the ___ rather than
the topographical correspondence of their behavior with respect to the model
Model
