CISSN STUDYGUIDE UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A PLUS

CISSN STUDYGUIDE UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A PLUS
Cissn Studyguide EXAM Script 2026/2027 Complete
Answers VERIFIE1 Questions and Answers Verified
Solutions Latest Update

Question:
What role do vitamins play in metabolism?

Answer:
-building blocks/precursors to cell parts and enzymes involved in substrate metabolism essential for
metabolic reactions facilitate energy production



Question:
Where does most of the energy for ATP phosphorylation come from?

Answer:
From the energy in the chemical bonds of the food we ingest.



Question:
What does pre-exercise ingestion of glycerol do?

Answer:
- Hyperhydration or water retention Plasma volume increases Exercising HR is reduced Improved
performance time.



Question:
What is the glucose-alanine cycle?

Answer:
the cycle in which alanine is released from the muscle and is converted to glucose in the liver
glucose --> pyruvate --> BCAA donates amino group --> forms ALANINE --> transported to liver
--> regenerated to GLUCOSE --> back to skeletal muscle for energy. During exercise, pyruvate is
formed from the breakdown of glycogen and glucose. Within the muscle, BCAAs donate their

,amino group to pyruvate to form alanine. Alanine is transported to the liver where it is used to
regenerate glucose. Glucose can then be transported back to skeletal muscle to be used for energy.
Thus, BCAAS (especially leucine) help reform glucose during fasting and prolonged exercise.



Question:
What is the Cori cycle?

Answer:
the cycle of lactate to glucose between the muscle and liver glucose --> pyruvate --> lactate -->
moves to liver --> converted back to pyruvate --> GLUCOSE (via gluconeogenesis) The metabolic
pathway in which lactate produced by anaerobic glycolysis in the muscles moves to the liver and is
converted to pyruvate and then to glucose via gluconeogenesis, which then returns to the muscles
and is converted back to lactate.



Question:
Why is fat considered to be the ideal cellular fuel?

Answer:
It produces a far superior amount of energy when oxidized vs carbs or protein.



Question:
What are the essential amino acids?

Answer:
- cannot be synthesized by the body must be consumed * are BCAA PVT TIM HALL Phenylalanine
Valine* Threonine Tryptophan Isoleucine* Methionine Histidine Arginine (only essential during
periods of rapid growth) Leucine* Lysine



Question:
What are some conditionally essential amino acids?

Answer:
Under most conditions, the body can make these, but in some situations (various physiological or
pathological states) it is not possible and it becomes essential to get them via diet. Argh, there's a

,Cyst on my Glute. Gross Problem To have! Arginine Cysteine Glutamine Glycine Proline Tyrosine



Question:
What are the non-essential amino acids?

Answer:
ASAGA. Alan, seriously? Asparagus? C'mon mate! Alanine Serine Asparagine Glutamic acid /
glutamate Aspartic acid / aspartate



Question:
What is the process of glycogen synthesis called?

Answer:
Glycogenesis. It is activated during rest periods following the Cori cycle, in the liver, and also
activated by insulin in response to high glucose levels.



Question:
What is the main function of a carbohydrate?

Answer:
Energy source



Question:
Compare/contrast creatine monohydrate and creatine ethyl ester

Answer:
- creatine monohydrate: increases serum and muscle creatine level; improves body composition,
muscle mass, strength and power creatine ethyl ester: doesn't have the same effects as creatine
monohydrate



Question:
What is the primary fuel source for high-jump? 1500 meter run? Marathon?

, Answer:
- High Jump: ATP/Creatine Phosphate, carbs. 1500 Meter Run: Glycogen, some Fat Oxidation
Marathon: Fat Oxidation



Question:
Know the equivalent kcal values for 1g of carbohydrate, 1g fat and 1 g protein.

Answer:
Carb- 4 kcal/g Fat- 9 kcal/g Protein- 4kcal/g



Question:
What is beta-alanine and what does it do when ingested during intense training?

Answer:
- rate limiting step in the synthesis of carnosine amount of carnosine your body produces is directly
dependent on the amount of beta-alanine available. Without beta- alanine, carnosine synthesis is
limited. beta-alanine effects: increases performance and stimulate lean muscle mass in short amount
of time may magnify the expected performance outcomes of training programs



Question:
What are the effects of creatine supplementation?

Answer:
- Creatine monohydrate is the most effective ergogenic nutritional supplement currently available to
athletes in terms of increasing high intensity exercise capacity and lean body mass during training.
Creatine monohydrate supplementation is not only safe, but possibly beneficial in regard to
preventing injury and/or management of select medical conditions when taken within recommended
guidelines. Creatine monohydrate has been reported to have a number of potentially beneficial uses
in several clinical populations, and further research is warranted in these areas.



Question:
What is the SI unit for energy? (International System)

Answer: