Anatomy & Physiology for Speech, Language,
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which of the following is a component of the peripheral
nervous system (PNS)?
A. Cerebral cortex
B. Cerebellum
C. Spinal nerves
D. Thalamus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
The PNS consists of neural structures outside the brain and
spinal cord. Spinal nerves (and cranial nerves) belong to the
PNS. The cerebral cortex and cerebellum are structures of the
brain (CNS) and thus are not part of the PNS. The thalamus is a
subcortical structure within the brain (CNS). Therefore, option C
is correct. Option A (cerebral cortex) and option B (cerebellum)
are both housed within the skull and are parts of the CNS.
Option D (thalamus) is also part of the CNS. None of the
incorrect options belong to the PNS.
Question 2
In neuroanatomy, the term “efferent” most accurately refers to
neural signals that:
, A. Travel toward the central nervous system
B. Travel away from the central nervous system
C. Are related to afferent sensory input
D. Represent inhibitory synaptic activity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
“Efferent” pathways carry information away from the central
nervous system toward muscles or glands. In other words,
efferent signals are motor or autonomic commands traveling
from the CNS to the periphery. Option B correctly defines
efferent. Option A describes afferent (sensory) signals traveling
toward the CNS. Option C conflates afferent with efferent
terminology incorrectly. Option D (“inhibitory synaptic activity”)
is unrelated to the afferent/efferent distinction; efferent refers
to the direction of signal, not whether it is excitatory or
inhibitory. Thus, B is correct, and the others are incorrect.
Question 3
Which glial cell type is responsible for forming myelin sheaths in
the central nervous system?
A. Astrocytes
B. Schwann cells
C. Oligodendrocytes
D. Microglia
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which of the following is a component of the peripheral
nervous system (PNS)?
A. Cerebral cortex
B. Cerebellum
C. Spinal nerves
D. Thalamus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
The PNS consists of neural structures outside the brain and
spinal cord. Spinal nerves (and cranial nerves) belong to the
PNS. The cerebral cortex and cerebellum are structures of the
brain (CNS) and thus are not part of the PNS. The thalamus is a
subcortical structure within the brain (CNS). Therefore, option C
is correct. Option A (cerebral cortex) and option B (cerebellum)
are both housed within the skull and are parts of the CNS.
Option D (thalamus) is also part of the CNS. None of the
incorrect options belong to the PNS.
Question 2
In neuroanatomy, the term “efferent” most accurately refers to
neural signals that:
, A. Travel toward the central nervous system
B. Travel away from the central nervous system
C. Are related to afferent sensory input
D. Represent inhibitory synaptic activity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
“Efferent” pathways carry information away from the central
nervous system toward muscles or glands. In other words,
efferent signals are motor or autonomic commands traveling
from the CNS to the periphery. Option B correctly defines
efferent. Option A describes afferent (sensory) signals traveling
toward the CNS. Option C conflates afferent with efferent
terminology incorrectly. Option D (“inhibitory synaptic activity”)
is unrelated to the afferent/efferent distinction; efferent refers
to the direction of signal, not whether it is excitatory or
inhibitory. Thus, B is correct, and the others are incorrect.
Question 3
Which glial cell type is responsible for forming myelin sheaths in
the central nervous system?
A. Astrocytes
B. Schwann cells
C. Oligodendrocytes
D. Microglia
