NURS 3366 Module 3 & 4 Exam Prep 2026/2027 | Questions
& Correct Answers | Graded A+
1. What is the purpose of administering TIG (tetanus immunoglobulin) to a
patient with a laceration?
To provide immediate passive immunity against tetanus.
To treat an existing tetanus infection.
To prevent other infections at the wound site.
To stimulate the production of antibodies against tetanus.
2. For which additional CMV disease would a patient with HIV infection that has
progressed to AIDS and had been treated previously for cytomegalovirus
pneumonia also be at risk?
Retinitis
Aplastic crisis
Kidney failure
Reye syndrome
SSPE
3. What is the primary purpose of vasodilation during inflammation?
Promote healing and enhance immunocyte response
Increase blood viscosity
Stimulate nerve endings for pain
Reduce blood flow to the area
4. Upon his yearly physical a 68-year-old male patient was found to be HIV
positive. Six months later he had a CD4 count of 400 and for many years it
, stays at this level. Now the patient presents to his NP with complaints of
difficult and painful swallowing (dysphagia); upon examination, the NP notes
white patchy areas in the mouth and throat. The NP orders a CD4 count,
which is 198. The patient's nurse describes to him a couple of opportunistic
disease processes that he is at high risk for. Which of the following shows that
the nurse has a complete understanding of the link between AIDS and
opportunistic infections?
"The numbers of your infection-fighting cells are low, so you are more
likely to get autoimmune diseases such as lupus."
"The numbers of your infection-fighting cells are low, so you are
more likely to get unusual infections such as CMV retinitis."
"You are more likely to get PCP (pneumocystis carinii pneumonia)
because your HIV antibody level is so high."
"Your CD4 count of 198 is ok for now, but when it drops below 50 you
will need to avoid people with common infections such as a cold or
the flu."
5. A woman has just been diagnosed with SLE (lupus). The pathophysiology
related to the above test is best described by which of the following?
SLE is a hypersensitivity disorder in which autoantibodies attack DNA
and form detectable complexes that migrate to one type of tissue.
Vasculitis caused breakdown of RBCs, resulting in anemia that the lab
test detects.
Immune complexes invade CD4 cells, a phenomenon which is
detected by lab tests as a low ANA.
SLE is a hypersensitivity disorder in which autoantibodies attack
nucleic acids and form detectable complexes that circulate in the
blood.
,6. A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient asks the nurse, "I've
heard about opportunistic diseases in HIV-infected people. What does that
mean? I already have the HIV infection." Which response by the nurse is
correct?
"These are caused by organisms that do not cause severe disease in
those with functioning immune system
"These diseases are usually benign."
"Opportunistic diseases only occur at the end stages of HIV infection."
"Unfortunately, opportunistic diseases are not treatable if they occur."
7. What happens in the adaptive immune system after first exposure to an
antigen?
D. Both A and B
C. Nothing
B. Kills the pathogen directly
A. Produces memory cells
8. Discuss how compromised immune systems can lead to increased
susceptibility to infections like CMV retinitis.
Compromised immune systems reduce the body's ability to fight off
infections, making patients more susceptible to opportunistic
infections like CMV retinitis.
Compromised immune systems have no effect on infection
susceptibility.
Compromised immune systems only affect bacterial infections, not
viral ones.
, Compromised immune systems enhance the body's ability to respond
to infections.
9. What is the primary mechanism by which NSAIDs like Advil alleviate muscle
aches?
They increase blood flow to the muscles.
They inhibit leukotriene synthesis.
They enhance muscle recovery.
They suppress pro-inflammatory prostaglandin activity.
10. Which of the following is a characteristic of a qualitative leukocyte disorder?
Loss of phagocytic capacity
Gain their capacity to respond to antigens
decreased production in the bone marrow
Accelerated destruction in circulation
11. If a patient develops an alloimmune reaction after a blood transfusion, what
immediate clinical intervention should be prioritized?
Increase the rate of the transfusion to dilute the reaction.
Stop the transfusion and provide supportive care.
Administer antibiotics to prevent infection.
Monitor the patient for signs of dehydration.
12. Describe how natural passive acquired immunity functions in the body.
Natural passive acquired immunity is developed through the body's
own immune response to pathogens.
& Correct Answers | Graded A+
1. What is the purpose of administering TIG (tetanus immunoglobulin) to a
patient with a laceration?
To provide immediate passive immunity against tetanus.
To treat an existing tetanus infection.
To prevent other infections at the wound site.
To stimulate the production of antibodies against tetanus.
2. For which additional CMV disease would a patient with HIV infection that has
progressed to AIDS and had been treated previously for cytomegalovirus
pneumonia also be at risk?
Retinitis
Aplastic crisis
Kidney failure
Reye syndrome
SSPE
3. What is the primary purpose of vasodilation during inflammation?
Promote healing and enhance immunocyte response
Increase blood viscosity
Stimulate nerve endings for pain
Reduce blood flow to the area
4. Upon his yearly physical a 68-year-old male patient was found to be HIV
positive. Six months later he had a CD4 count of 400 and for many years it
, stays at this level. Now the patient presents to his NP with complaints of
difficult and painful swallowing (dysphagia); upon examination, the NP notes
white patchy areas in the mouth and throat. The NP orders a CD4 count,
which is 198. The patient's nurse describes to him a couple of opportunistic
disease processes that he is at high risk for. Which of the following shows that
the nurse has a complete understanding of the link between AIDS and
opportunistic infections?
"The numbers of your infection-fighting cells are low, so you are more
likely to get autoimmune diseases such as lupus."
"The numbers of your infection-fighting cells are low, so you are
more likely to get unusual infections such as CMV retinitis."
"You are more likely to get PCP (pneumocystis carinii pneumonia)
because your HIV antibody level is so high."
"Your CD4 count of 198 is ok for now, but when it drops below 50 you
will need to avoid people with common infections such as a cold or
the flu."
5. A woman has just been diagnosed with SLE (lupus). The pathophysiology
related to the above test is best described by which of the following?
SLE is a hypersensitivity disorder in which autoantibodies attack DNA
and form detectable complexes that migrate to one type of tissue.
Vasculitis caused breakdown of RBCs, resulting in anemia that the lab
test detects.
Immune complexes invade CD4 cells, a phenomenon which is
detected by lab tests as a low ANA.
SLE is a hypersensitivity disorder in which autoantibodies attack
nucleic acids and form detectable complexes that circulate in the
blood.
,6. A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient asks the nurse, "I've
heard about opportunistic diseases in HIV-infected people. What does that
mean? I already have the HIV infection." Which response by the nurse is
correct?
"These are caused by organisms that do not cause severe disease in
those with functioning immune system
"These diseases are usually benign."
"Opportunistic diseases only occur at the end stages of HIV infection."
"Unfortunately, opportunistic diseases are not treatable if they occur."
7. What happens in the adaptive immune system after first exposure to an
antigen?
D. Both A and B
C. Nothing
B. Kills the pathogen directly
A. Produces memory cells
8. Discuss how compromised immune systems can lead to increased
susceptibility to infections like CMV retinitis.
Compromised immune systems reduce the body's ability to fight off
infections, making patients more susceptible to opportunistic
infections like CMV retinitis.
Compromised immune systems have no effect on infection
susceptibility.
Compromised immune systems only affect bacterial infections, not
viral ones.
, Compromised immune systems enhance the body's ability to respond
to infections.
9. What is the primary mechanism by which NSAIDs like Advil alleviate muscle
aches?
They increase blood flow to the muscles.
They inhibit leukotriene synthesis.
They enhance muscle recovery.
They suppress pro-inflammatory prostaglandin activity.
10. Which of the following is a characteristic of a qualitative leukocyte disorder?
Loss of phagocytic capacity
Gain their capacity to respond to antigens
decreased production in the bone marrow
Accelerated destruction in circulation
11. If a patient develops an alloimmune reaction after a blood transfusion, what
immediate clinical intervention should be prioritized?
Increase the rate of the transfusion to dilute the reaction.
Stop the transfusion and provide supportive care.
Administer antibiotics to prevent infection.
Monitor the patient for signs of dehydration.
12. Describe how natural passive acquired immunity functions in the body.
Natural passive acquired immunity is developed through the body's
own immune response to pathogens.
