NRS 450 Final Exam V3 | NRS 450 Nursing
Informatics | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NRS450 Final Exam) | Grand Canyon
University
1. The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing informatics by integrating which
primary components?
A. Nursing practice, hardware maintenance, and data encryption
B. Medical science, technological science, and administrative science
C. Patient data, software engineering, and clinical workflows
D. Nursing science, computer science, and information science
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ANA definition centers on the synthesis of nursing, computer, and
information sciences to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and
wisdom. This integration supports patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision-
making in all roles and settings. By utilizing these three sciences, informatics facilitates
better patient outcomes through improved information management.
2. Which of the following are considered the core competencies of the TIGER initiative
(Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform)? (Select all that apply)
A. Basic Computer Competencies
,B. Information Literacy
C. Information Management
D. Advanced Software Programming
E. Network Engineering
F. Database Administration
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: The TIGER initiative identified three essential pillars for nursing informatics
competency: basic computer skills, information literacy, and information management.
These competencies are designed to ensure that all practicing nurses can function
effectively in a digital healthcare environment. While programming and engineering are
related to informatics, they are not considered core competencies for general nursing
practice.
3. In the Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy, how is ‘Information’ best
described?
A. Discrete entities that are described without interpretation
B. Data that are interpreted, organized, or structured
C. Information that is synthesized so that relationships are identified
D. The appropriate use of knowledge to manage and solve human problems
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Information is the second level of the hierarchy and represents data that has
been processed to add meaning. Data consists of raw facts, while information provides
context or structure to those facts, such as a set of vital signs over time. Knowledge and
wisdom represent higher-level cognitive processes involving synthesis and application.
4. A nurse is explaining the difference between an Electronic Health Record (EHR) and a
Personal Health Record (PHR). Which statement is correct?
A. The EHR is managed by the patient, while the PHR is managed by the provider.
B. The PHR is controlled by the patient, while the EHR is maintained by healthcare
institutions.
C. The PHR is a legal document, while the EHR is not.
D. There is no functional difference between an EHR and a PHR.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary distinction lies in ownership and control, where the patient
maintains their own PHR while the EHR is a provider-based legal record. PHRs allow
patients to engage in their own care by tracking medications, appointments, and history.
EHRs are interoperable records used by clinical teams to document and coordinate
professional care.
5. The HITECH Act of 2009 was primarily designed to accomplish which of the following?
A. Eliminate the use of paper records in all international hospitals.
B. Establish a universal healthcare system for all US citizens.
Informatics | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NRS450 Final Exam) | Grand Canyon
University
1. The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing informatics by integrating which
primary components?
A. Nursing practice, hardware maintenance, and data encryption
B. Medical science, technological science, and administrative science
C. Patient data, software engineering, and clinical workflows
D. Nursing science, computer science, and information science
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ANA definition centers on the synthesis of nursing, computer, and
information sciences to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and
wisdom. This integration supports patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision-
making in all roles and settings. By utilizing these three sciences, informatics facilitates
better patient outcomes through improved information management.
2. Which of the following are considered the core competencies of the TIGER initiative
(Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform)? (Select all that apply)
A. Basic Computer Competencies
,B. Information Literacy
C. Information Management
D. Advanced Software Programming
E. Network Engineering
F. Database Administration
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: The TIGER initiative identified three essential pillars for nursing informatics
competency: basic computer skills, information literacy, and information management.
These competencies are designed to ensure that all practicing nurses can function
effectively in a digital healthcare environment. While programming and engineering are
related to informatics, they are not considered core competencies for general nursing
practice.
3. In the Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy, how is ‘Information’ best
described?
A. Discrete entities that are described without interpretation
B. Data that are interpreted, organized, or structured
C. Information that is synthesized so that relationships are identified
D. The appropriate use of knowledge to manage and solve human problems
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Information is the second level of the hierarchy and represents data that has
been processed to add meaning. Data consists of raw facts, while information provides
context or structure to those facts, such as a set of vital signs over time. Knowledge and
wisdom represent higher-level cognitive processes involving synthesis and application.
4. A nurse is explaining the difference between an Electronic Health Record (EHR) and a
Personal Health Record (PHR). Which statement is correct?
A. The EHR is managed by the patient, while the PHR is managed by the provider.
B. The PHR is controlled by the patient, while the EHR is maintained by healthcare
institutions.
C. The PHR is a legal document, while the EHR is not.
D. There is no functional difference between an EHR and a PHR.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary distinction lies in ownership and control, where the patient
maintains their own PHR while the EHR is a provider-based legal record. PHRs allow
patients to engage in their own care by tracking medications, appointments, and history.
EHRs are interoperable records used by clinical teams to document and coordinate
professional care.
5. The HITECH Act of 2009 was primarily designed to accomplish which of the following?
A. Eliminate the use of paper records in all international hospitals.
B. Establish a universal healthcare system for all US citizens.
