PSYCHOLOGY 2301 EXAM 1 FINAL PAPER
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS FULL
REVIEW GUIDE
●● 2. A correlation coefficient shows that smoking and life expectancy
are indeed related. As a result, a researcher could predict that
__________ if the direction of the relationship is known.
Answer: the person's life expectancy will go up or down based on the
number of cigarettes the person smokes daily
●● 3. Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings
without imposing laboratory controls is known as the __________.
Answer: Naturalistic observation method
●● 4. The steps or procedures an experimenter must use to control or
measure the variables in a study is called the __________.
Answer: Operationalization
●● 5. If a functionalist from the 1870s were alive today, where would
we most likely find him?
Answer: In a school, working to improve teaching methods
,●● 6. The class is playing a game of Jeopardy! and it is your turn. "I'll
take Specialties in Psychology for $300." The revealed answer is, "These
psychological professionals work with situations in which environmental
conditions may have an impact on mental health." Just before the buzzer
sounds, what will you say?
Answer: What is a psychiatric social worker
●● 7. A perfect correlation, whether positive or negative, is __________
in the real world.
Answer: Rare
●● 8. Darley and Latané (1968) theorized that the presence of other
people in a distressing situation decreased the likelihood that someone
would receive help due to __________.
Answer: Diffusion of responsibility
●● 9. Which noted African American psychologist held a post as
president of Shaw University in North Carolina and then president of
Virginia State College?
Answer: Robert Prentiss Daniel
●● 10. A teacher tells the school psychologist that Billie is late to class,
does not turn in her homework, squirms around a lot in her seat, and
swings her feet constantly. This is an example of which goal of
psychology?
,Answer: Describing behavior
●● 11. Evolutionary psychology might suggest that certain cognitive
strategies and goals are built into the brain because __________.
Answer: They help humans adapt to their natural environment
●● 12. The tendency to look for information that supports one's own
belief is called ______
Answer: Confirmation bias
●● 13. "Children who watch violent cartoons will become more
aggressive." According to the scientific method, this statement is most
likely a __________.
Answer: Hypothesis
●● 14. Dr. Vaughan is a psychologist who tries to understand how
people select their mates. She must be a(n) __________ psychologist.
Answer: Evolutionary
●● 15. Professor Wallis approaches questions about human behavior
from a perspective that emphasizes unconscious processes within the
individual, such as inner forces or conflicts. It is most likely that she
accepts which of the following psychological approaches?
Answer: The psychodynamic approach
, ●● 16. A person who has suffered a major stroke and is now
experiencing severe personality problems because of the damage would
BEST be advised to see a __________.
Answer: Psychiatrist
●● 17. Testing a hypothesis is the third step in a scientific investigation.
This step is derived from which goal of psychology?
Answer: Explanation
●● 18. Which type of psychologist would be most likely to argue that a
criminal engages in unlawful behavior because he grew up around older
boys who engaged in criminal activities?
Answer: Behavioralist
●● 19. You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as
free will and self-actualization. Which psychological perspective is most
consistent with the points the psychologist presented?
Answer: Humanism
●● 20. In a laboratory, smokers are asked to "drive" using a
computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas
pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast
as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some
of the participants smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS FULL
REVIEW GUIDE
●● 2. A correlation coefficient shows that smoking and life expectancy
are indeed related. As a result, a researcher could predict that
__________ if the direction of the relationship is known.
Answer: the person's life expectancy will go up or down based on the
number of cigarettes the person smokes daily
●● 3. Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings
without imposing laboratory controls is known as the __________.
Answer: Naturalistic observation method
●● 4. The steps or procedures an experimenter must use to control or
measure the variables in a study is called the __________.
Answer: Operationalization
●● 5. If a functionalist from the 1870s were alive today, where would
we most likely find him?
Answer: In a school, working to improve teaching methods
,●● 6. The class is playing a game of Jeopardy! and it is your turn. "I'll
take Specialties in Psychology for $300." The revealed answer is, "These
psychological professionals work with situations in which environmental
conditions may have an impact on mental health." Just before the buzzer
sounds, what will you say?
Answer: What is a psychiatric social worker
●● 7. A perfect correlation, whether positive or negative, is __________
in the real world.
Answer: Rare
●● 8. Darley and Latané (1968) theorized that the presence of other
people in a distressing situation decreased the likelihood that someone
would receive help due to __________.
Answer: Diffusion of responsibility
●● 9. Which noted African American psychologist held a post as
president of Shaw University in North Carolina and then president of
Virginia State College?
Answer: Robert Prentiss Daniel
●● 10. A teacher tells the school psychologist that Billie is late to class,
does not turn in her homework, squirms around a lot in her seat, and
swings her feet constantly. This is an example of which goal of
psychology?
,Answer: Describing behavior
●● 11. Evolutionary psychology might suggest that certain cognitive
strategies and goals are built into the brain because __________.
Answer: They help humans adapt to their natural environment
●● 12. The tendency to look for information that supports one's own
belief is called ______
Answer: Confirmation bias
●● 13. "Children who watch violent cartoons will become more
aggressive." According to the scientific method, this statement is most
likely a __________.
Answer: Hypothesis
●● 14. Dr. Vaughan is a psychologist who tries to understand how
people select their mates. She must be a(n) __________ psychologist.
Answer: Evolutionary
●● 15. Professor Wallis approaches questions about human behavior
from a perspective that emphasizes unconscious processes within the
individual, such as inner forces or conflicts. It is most likely that she
accepts which of the following psychological approaches?
Answer: The psychodynamic approach
, ●● 16. A person who has suffered a major stroke and is now
experiencing severe personality problems because of the damage would
BEST be advised to see a __________.
Answer: Psychiatrist
●● 17. Testing a hypothesis is the third step in a scientific investigation.
This step is derived from which goal of psychology?
Answer: Explanation
●● 18. Which type of psychologist would be most likely to argue that a
criminal engages in unlawful behavior because he grew up around older
boys who engaged in criminal activities?
Answer: Behavioralist
●● 19. You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as
free will and self-actualization. Which psychological perspective is most
consistent with the points the psychologist presented?
Answer: Humanism
●● 20. In a laboratory, smokers are asked to "drive" using a
computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas
pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast
as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some
of the participants smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing
