PAT 202 WEEK ONE (1) INTRODUCTION TO CARDIAC DISEASES (PATHOPHYSIOLOGY)- QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS

PAT 202: WEEK ONE (1): INTRODUCTION TO
CARDIAC DISEASES (PATHOPHYSIOLOGY)-
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS


WALL OF THE HEART

HOW MANY LAYERS DOES IT HAVE - Answers - the wall of the ehart has 3 layers

WALL OF THE HEART

NAME THE 3 LAYERS OF THE HEART - Answers - 1) epicardium
2) myocardium
3) endocardium

WALL OF THE HEART
which is the most inner layer - Answers - endocardium

WALL OF THE HEART
which is the thickest layer of the heart - Answers - MYOCARDIUM

WALL OF THE HEART
in the myocardium there are what kind of cells - Answers - cardio-MYO-cytes

think myocytes for myocardium

WALL OF THE HEART

what do the cardicmyocytes of the myocardium do - Answers - provide contractilef
unction and force

WALL OF THE HEART
the myocardium is not only in the heart but also where - Answers - arteries and veins of
the heart

WALL OF THE HEART
the heart is supplied with its own blood by what - Answers - CORONARY ARTERIES
(CA)

WALL OF THE HEART
how many CA are there - Answers - 2
LCA
RCA

,WALL OF THE HEART
the CA supply blood to the same part of the heart T or F - Answers - false
the RCA AND LCA supply diff parts of the heart

WALL OF THE HEART

occlusion of any CA whether that be the LCA or the RCA can cause damage to what
specific part of the heart - Answers - left ventricular damage

WALL OF THE HEART
during ventricular relaxation what valve is closed off - Answers - aortic valve is closed
off

WALL OF THE HEART
during ventricular contraction what valve is open - Answers - the aortic valve is open

WALL OF THE HEART
during
ventricualr contraction what is happening in terms of the CA - Answers - backflow of
blood closes off the aortic valve and fills the coronary arteries

WALL OF THE HEART

THE ROLE OF THE RCA IS WHAT
SUPPLES WHAT - Answers - THINK RIGHT FOR RIGHT

1) supplies the right atrium
2) supplies the right ventricle
3) supplies the posterior wall of the left ventricle
4) supplies the sa and av nodes

WALL OF THE HEART
whic CA suuplies the posterior wall of the left ventricle - Answers - the RCA

WALL OF THE HEART
what does the LCA supply - Answers - THINK L FOR L

1) supplies the L atrium
2) supplies the L ventricle

WALL OF THE HEART
the LCA branches off into which important artery - Answers - left anterior descening
artery AKA LAD

WALL OF THE HEART
the LAD causes 70% of what - Answers - MI

,WALL OF THE HEART
which artery brings the most blood supply to the LV - Answers - LAD (BRANCH OF
LCA)

WALL OF THE HEART

all of the ......... arteries fill up during heart relaxation - Answers - CA

WALL OF THE HEART
all of the non-------- arteries fill up when the heart is contracting - Answers - NON CA
arteries

WALL OF THE HEART

if the CA fail to fill up with blood the body is going through what (the term is called) -
Answers - ishcemia

what is ischemia - Answers - an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the
body, especially the heart muscles.

WALL OF THE HEART
ischemia can lead to what - Answers - MI

What is an myocardial infarction? - Answers - heart attack

How does a MI occur? - Answers - blockage of the CA leading to heart attack (caused
by spasm or ATHERO) (sudden deprivation of blood to the heart)


IS ALWSYS REGARING THE CA

WALL OF THE HEART
MI is always regarding what arteries - Answers - CORONARY ARTERIES

WALL OF THE HEART
electrical conduction of the heart is affected by what CA - Answers - RCA

WALL OF THE HEART
when the LCA is blocked the whole body is at risk of - Answers - lack of blood supply
BC THE LCA
supplies the LA AND LV

WALL OF THE HEART

, WHAT IS COLLATERAL CIRCULATION BY DEFINTION - Answers - is is the action of
supplying the heart using alternate routes (think local routes) to the MYOCARDIUM

when the main (highway) routes aka the CORONARY ARTERISES have failed to
supply the heart leading to ischemia

WALL OF THE HEART

why would collateral circulation occur
as in
what exactly happened to the CA'S to stimulate collateral circulation - Answers -
stensosi (narrowing) or occluding of the CA leading to ishcemia of the heart

WALL OF THE HEART
during Collateral circulation blood is suppleid to what part of the heart - Answers -
MYOCARDIUM

CORONARY ARTERIES DISEASES (CAD)

WHY IS COLLATERAL CIRCULATION IMPORTANT - Answers - makes sure the heart
is being perfused and restored of its circulation and thus its 02 and nutrients when its
main provider (THE CA) fail to do so

what is CAD - Answers - coronary artery disease

CORONARY ARTERIES DISEASES (CAD)

EXPLAIN WHAT CAD IS - Answers - damage to the main providers of the heart
- the coroary arteries become diseased/damaged
and thus

the heart is put at risk for ishcemia ---> MI

CORONARY ARTERIES DISEASES (CAD)

collateral circulation is made via two processes name them - Answers - 1) ARTERIO-
GENESIS
2) ANGIO-GENESIS

CORONARY ARTERIES DISEASES (CAD)

what is ARTERIO-genesis
(collateral circulation) - Answers - generation of new arteries THAT BRANCH OF FROM
EXISTING ONES

Arteriogenesis - Answers - New artery growth branching from pre-existing arteries