BIOL 2150 EXAM 2 PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
What is erythropoietin? - Answers - Hormone that stimulates red blood cell production.
What is the key signal that stimulates special kidney cells to produce erythropoietin? -
Answers - LOW oxygen levels (hypoxia)
What is the function of erythropoietin? - Answers - To stimulate the red bone marrow to
increase blood cell production.
What is the function of thrombopoetin? - Answers - Regulates platelet production.
What is another name for platelets? - Answers - Thrombocytes
What are platelets essential for? - Answers - Blood clotting
What is hemostasis? - Answers - Stops bleeding (preventing blood loss)
What are the 3 steps of hemostasis? - Answers - 1. Vascular Spasm
2. Platelet Plug Formation
3. Coagulation
What triggers platelet plug formation? - Answers - Damage to the blood vessel
endothelium causes collagen to be exposed.
How long does it take to form a platelet plug? - Answers - 60 seconds
Platelet granules release what 3 things? - Answers - Serotonin, ADP, & Thromboxane
A2
What is the function of serotonin in plug formation? - Answers - INCREASES vascular
spasm & DECREASES blood loss.
What is the function of ADP in plug formation? - Answers - Attract more platelets.
What is the function of Thromboxane A2 in plug formation? - Answers - Increase
vascular spasm & attract more platelets.
What is the function of Prostacyclin (PGI2)? - Answers - To repel platelets and prevent
plug formation.
What reinforces a platelet plug? - Answers - Fibrin
, What 4 things make thrombin active from prothrombin? - Answers - PF3
Tissue Factor
Calcium
Clotting Factors
What are the steps in the formation of fibrin? - Answers - Prothrombin (inactive
thrombin)
Thrombin (active)
Fibrinogen (soluble = can't stick)
Fibrin (insoluble = sticky)
What catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin into active enzyme thrombin? - Answers -
Prothrombin activator
What is the role of Thrombin during the formation of a blood clot? - Answers - It
stimulates the production of Fibrin.
How long does it take for a fibrin clot to be stabilized? - Answers - 60 minutes
What is the key difference between fibrinogen and fibrin? - Answers - Fibrinogen is
soluble and fibrin is insoluble.
What is the key difference between Prothrombin and Thrombin? - Answers -
Prothrombin is an inactive precursor, whereas thrombin acts as an enzyme.
What is the key difference in most factors before and after they are activated? -
Answers - Most factors are inactive in blood before activation and become enzymes
upon activation. (Exceptions = fibrinogen & calcium)
What is the function of PDGF? - Answers - Stimulates repair of the blood vessel.
What is the function of plasmin? - Answers - It helps to dissolve away clots.
What is the purpose of an anticoagulant? - Answers - To prevent blood clots.
What is the function of Heparin? Where is this located? - Answers - Prevent clotting.
Located in basophils, mast cells, and endothelial cells.
When is heparin normally given to patients? - Answers - Blood transfusions
VERIFIED ANSWERS
What is erythropoietin? - Answers - Hormone that stimulates red blood cell production.
What is the key signal that stimulates special kidney cells to produce erythropoietin? -
Answers - LOW oxygen levels (hypoxia)
What is the function of erythropoietin? - Answers - To stimulate the red bone marrow to
increase blood cell production.
What is the function of thrombopoetin? - Answers - Regulates platelet production.
What is another name for platelets? - Answers - Thrombocytes
What are platelets essential for? - Answers - Blood clotting
What is hemostasis? - Answers - Stops bleeding (preventing blood loss)
What are the 3 steps of hemostasis? - Answers - 1. Vascular Spasm
2. Platelet Plug Formation
3. Coagulation
What triggers platelet plug formation? - Answers - Damage to the blood vessel
endothelium causes collagen to be exposed.
How long does it take to form a platelet plug? - Answers - 60 seconds
Platelet granules release what 3 things? - Answers - Serotonin, ADP, & Thromboxane
A2
What is the function of serotonin in plug formation? - Answers - INCREASES vascular
spasm & DECREASES blood loss.
What is the function of ADP in plug formation? - Answers - Attract more platelets.
What is the function of Thromboxane A2 in plug formation? - Answers - Increase
vascular spasm & attract more platelets.
What is the function of Prostacyclin (PGI2)? - Answers - To repel platelets and prevent
plug formation.
What reinforces a platelet plug? - Answers - Fibrin
, What 4 things make thrombin active from prothrombin? - Answers - PF3
Tissue Factor
Calcium
Clotting Factors
What are the steps in the formation of fibrin? - Answers - Prothrombin (inactive
thrombin)
Thrombin (active)
Fibrinogen (soluble = can't stick)
Fibrin (insoluble = sticky)
What catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin into active enzyme thrombin? - Answers -
Prothrombin activator
What is the role of Thrombin during the formation of a blood clot? - Answers - It
stimulates the production of Fibrin.
How long does it take for a fibrin clot to be stabilized? - Answers - 60 minutes
What is the key difference between fibrinogen and fibrin? - Answers - Fibrinogen is
soluble and fibrin is insoluble.
What is the key difference between Prothrombin and Thrombin? - Answers -
Prothrombin is an inactive precursor, whereas thrombin acts as an enzyme.
What is the key difference in most factors before and after they are activated? -
Answers - Most factors are inactive in blood before activation and become enzymes
upon activation. (Exceptions = fibrinogen & calcium)
What is the function of PDGF? - Answers - Stimulates repair of the blood vessel.
What is the function of plasmin? - Answers - It helps to dissolve away clots.
What is the purpose of an anticoagulant? - Answers - To prevent blood clots.
What is the function of Heparin? Where is this located? - Answers - Prevent clotting.
Located in basophils, mast cells, and endothelial cells.
When is heparin normally given to patients? - Answers - Blood transfusions
