NSG 530 EXAM 3 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY –
WILKES EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- LATEST AND COMPLETE UPDATE WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS – ASSURED PASS WITH ISTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF.
1. What is the classification of an ovarian cyst that contains skin, hair, cartilage, and
bone?
- A) Follicular Cyst
- B) Dermoid Cyst
- C) Functional Cyst
- D) Corpus Luteum Cyst
ANSWER: B) Dermoid Cyst
Explanation: Dermoid cysts, also known as mature teratomas, can contain
various types of tissues derived from all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm,
endoderm), and thus may have skin, hair, and even bone components.
2. In treating a patient with endometriosis, which aspect of physiology would you
want to suppress?
- A) Menstruation
- B) Ovulation
- C) Estrogen levels
- D) Progesterone levels
ANSWER: B) Ovulation
Explanation: Suppressing ovulation can lower estrogen levels in the body, which
may alleviate the proliferation of endometrial tissue and the associated symptoms
of endometriosis.
,3. What is the most likely diagnosis for a 2-week-old infant with forceful vomiting
after feeding and undigested food?
- A) Pyloric Stenosis
- B) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
- C) Intussusception
- D) Volvulus
ANSWER: A) Pyloric Stenosis
Explanation: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by a narrowing of the pylorus,
leading to projectile, non-bilious vomiting in infants, often accompanied by a
palpable olive-sized mass in the abdomen.
4. What pathological process causes tissue damage in pancreatitis?
- A) Pancreatic duct obstruction
- B) Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency
- C) Alcoholic Liver Disease
- D) Beta cell destruction
ANSWER: A) Pancreatic duct obstruction
Explanation: Tissue damage in pancreatitis arises when digestive enzymes
become prematurely activated within the pancreas due to obstruction, leading to
auto-digestion.
5. What form of jaundice is caused by the breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs)?
- A) Hepatocellular
- B) Hemolytic
, - C) Obstructive
- D) Neonatal
ANSWER: B) Hemolytic
Explanation: Hemolytic jaundice occurs due to excess breakdown of red blood
cells, resulting in the production of bilirubin that overwhelms the liver's ability to
process it.
6. What is the most common disorder associated with upper GI bleeding?
- A) Peptic Ulcer Disease
- B) Esophageal Varices
- C) Gastritis
- D) Mallory-Weiss Tear
ANSWER: B) Esophageal Varices
Explanation: Esophageal varices, engorged veins in the esophagus due to portal
hypertension, are a leading cause of upper GI bleeding, particularly in patients with
liver cirrhosis.
7. You are examining a 6-month-old patient with jaundice, clay-colored stool, and
failure to gain weight. You suspect biliary atresia. What is the most likely
treatment for this disorder?
- A) Surgical correction
- B) Liver transplant
- C) Chemotherapy
- D) Nutrition therapy
, ANSWER: B) Liver transplant
Explanation: Biliary atresia is often treated with a liver transplant as the
condition involves an obstruction of bile ducts, leading to liver damage.
8. What is the most likely cause of genital warts?
- A) Herpes Simplex Virus
- B) Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- C) Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- D) Cytomegalovirus
ANSWER: C) Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation: Genital warts are primarily caused by low-risk strains of HPV,
particularly types 6 and 11.
9. What renal tissue is affected by pyelonephritis?
- A) Cortex only
- B) Renal pelvis and kidney interstitium
- C) Glomeruli only
- D) Renal tubules only
ANSWER: B) Renal pelvis and kidney interstitium
Explanation: Pyelonephritis is an infectious process affecting the renal pelvis and
the interstitial tissue of the kidney, typically due to urinary tract infections.
10. What is the underlying cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
- A) Decreased gastric acid production
WILKES EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- LATEST AND COMPLETE UPDATE WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS – ASSURED PASS WITH ISTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF.
1. What is the classification of an ovarian cyst that contains skin, hair, cartilage, and
bone?
- A) Follicular Cyst
- B) Dermoid Cyst
- C) Functional Cyst
- D) Corpus Luteum Cyst
ANSWER: B) Dermoid Cyst
Explanation: Dermoid cysts, also known as mature teratomas, can contain
various types of tissues derived from all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm,
endoderm), and thus may have skin, hair, and even bone components.
2. In treating a patient with endometriosis, which aspect of physiology would you
want to suppress?
- A) Menstruation
- B) Ovulation
- C) Estrogen levels
- D) Progesterone levels
ANSWER: B) Ovulation
Explanation: Suppressing ovulation can lower estrogen levels in the body, which
may alleviate the proliferation of endometrial tissue and the associated symptoms
of endometriosis.
,3. What is the most likely diagnosis for a 2-week-old infant with forceful vomiting
after feeding and undigested food?
- A) Pyloric Stenosis
- B) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
- C) Intussusception
- D) Volvulus
ANSWER: A) Pyloric Stenosis
Explanation: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by a narrowing of the pylorus,
leading to projectile, non-bilious vomiting in infants, often accompanied by a
palpable olive-sized mass in the abdomen.
4. What pathological process causes tissue damage in pancreatitis?
- A) Pancreatic duct obstruction
- B) Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency
- C) Alcoholic Liver Disease
- D) Beta cell destruction
ANSWER: A) Pancreatic duct obstruction
Explanation: Tissue damage in pancreatitis arises when digestive enzymes
become prematurely activated within the pancreas due to obstruction, leading to
auto-digestion.
5. What form of jaundice is caused by the breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs)?
- A) Hepatocellular
- B) Hemolytic
, - C) Obstructive
- D) Neonatal
ANSWER: B) Hemolytic
Explanation: Hemolytic jaundice occurs due to excess breakdown of red blood
cells, resulting in the production of bilirubin that overwhelms the liver's ability to
process it.
6. What is the most common disorder associated with upper GI bleeding?
- A) Peptic Ulcer Disease
- B) Esophageal Varices
- C) Gastritis
- D) Mallory-Weiss Tear
ANSWER: B) Esophageal Varices
Explanation: Esophageal varices, engorged veins in the esophagus due to portal
hypertension, are a leading cause of upper GI bleeding, particularly in patients with
liver cirrhosis.
7. You are examining a 6-month-old patient with jaundice, clay-colored stool, and
failure to gain weight. You suspect biliary atresia. What is the most likely
treatment for this disorder?
- A) Surgical correction
- B) Liver transplant
- C) Chemotherapy
- D) Nutrition therapy
, ANSWER: B) Liver transplant
Explanation: Biliary atresia is often treated with a liver transplant as the
condition involves an obstruction of bile ducts, leading to liver damage.
8. What is the most likely cause of genital warts?
- A) Herpes Simplex Virus
- B) Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- C) Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- D) Cytomegalovirus
ANSWER: C) Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation: Genital warts are primarily caused by low-risk strains of HPV,
particularly types 6 and 11.
9. What renal tissue is affected by pyelonephritis?
- A) Cortex only
- B) Renal pelvis and kidney interstitium
- C) Glomeruli only
- D) Renal tubules only
ANSWER: B) Renal pelvis and kidney interstitium
Explanation: Pyelonephritis is an infectious process affecting the renal pelvis and
the interstitial tissue of the kidney, typically due to urinary tract infections.
10. What is the underlying cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
- A) Decreased gastric acid production
