,Table of Contents
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Chapter 01 Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
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Chapter 02 Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
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Chapter 03 Leukocyte Circulation and Migration Into Tissues
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Chapter 04 Innate Immunity
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Chapter 05 Antibodies and Antigens
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Chapter 06 Antigen Presentation to T Lymphocytes and the Functions of Major
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Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
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Chapter 07 Immune Receptors and Signal Transduction
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Chapter 08 Lymphocyte Development and Antigen Receptor Gene Rearrangement
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Chapter 09 Activation of T Lymphocytes
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Chapter 10 Differentiation and Functions of CD4+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 11 Differentiation and Functions of CD8+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 12 B Cell Activation and Antibody Production
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Chapter 13 Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
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Chapter 14 Specialized Immunity at Epithelial Barriers and in Immune Privileged Tissues
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Chapter 15 Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity
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Chapter 16 Immunity to Microbes
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Chapter 17 Transplantation Immunology
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Chapter 18 Tumor Immunology
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Chapter 19 Hypersensitivity Disorders
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Chapter 20 Allergy
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Chapter 21 Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
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,Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
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Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 11th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE kb
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
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a. Defense against cancer kb kb
b. Repair of injured tissues kb kb kb
c. Defense against microbial infections kb kb kb
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases kb kb kb
e. Protection against environmental toxins kb kb kb
ANS: C
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbi
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
al infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that “immun o
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surveillance” against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is controversi al.
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Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune responses a nd
b kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b kb
inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are needed to prev
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
ent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a primary fu nction.
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The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally does not offer pr
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
otection against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
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2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successf
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ul vaccination?
kb
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was a g
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
ainst smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980
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, smallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective va
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
ccines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th c ent
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ury and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberc ulosis.
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3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
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a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens kb kb kb kb kb kb
b. Self-nonself discrimination kb
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
d. Protection against viral infections kb kb kb
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to t kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
he same microbe kb kb
ANS: A
, Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B lympho cy
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tes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system. Both th
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e innate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-
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associated and soluble receptors to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-
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nonself discrimination, and protect against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same mi c
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robe, the adaptive immune response becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this i
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s the manifestation of memory.
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4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types
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of immunity? kb
a. Innate and adaptive kb kb
b. Passive and active kb kb
c. Specific and nonspecific kb kb
d. Humoral and cell-mediated kb kb
e. Adult and neonatal kb kb
ANS: D
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B lymphocy
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te s produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of humoral im
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mun e responses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote eradication of int
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rac ellular pathogens in cell-
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mediated immunity. Passive and active immunity both can be mediated by either B or T ly
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mphocytes. Specific immunity is another term for adaptive immunity. Both B and T lymp h
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ocytes participate in adult adaptive immunity but are still developing in the neonatal peri o
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d.
5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
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a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes kb kb kb kb kb kb
b. Natural killer cells and cytoWtoWxW
ic.TTlB
yS
mMph.oW
cyStes kb kb kb kb
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells kb kb kb kb kb kb
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells kb kb kb kb
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells kb kb kb kb kb
ANS: A
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Mo s
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t effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other im
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
mune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T lymphocyt es,
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bwhich directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T lymphocytes.
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Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells. kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
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a. Natural killer cells kb kb
b. Dendritic cells kb
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes kb kb
d. B lymphocytes kb
e. Helper T lymphocytes kb kb
ANS: D
Humoral immune responses are antibody- kb kb kb kb
mediated immune responses, and all antibodies are made by B lymphocytes and no oth
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
er cell type.
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Chapter 01 Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
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Chapter 02 Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
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Chapter 03 Leukocyte Circulation and Migration Into Tissues
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Chapter 04 Innate Immunity
kb kb kb 10
Chapter 05 Antibodies and Antigens
kb kb kb kb 17
Chapter 06 Antigen Presentation to T Lymphocytes and the Functions of Major
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Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
kb k b 20
Chapter 07 Immune Receptors and Signal Transduction
kb kb kb kb kb kb 27
Chapter 08 Lymphocyte Development and Antigen Receptor Gene Rearrangement
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Chapter 09 Activation of T Lymphocytes
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Chapter 10 Differentiation and Functions of CD4+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 11 Differentiation and Functions of CD8+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 12 B Cell Activation and Antibody Production
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Chapter 13 Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
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Chapter 14 Specialized Immunity at Epithelial Barriers and in Immune Privileged Tissues
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Chapter 15 Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity
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Chapter 16 Immunity to Microbes
kb kb kb k b 67
Chapter 17 Transplantation Immunology
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Chapter 18 Tumor Immunology
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Chapter 19 Hypersensitivity Disorders
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Chapter 20 Allergy
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Chapter 21 Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
kb kb kb kb k b 89
,Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 11th Edition
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
MULTIPLE CHOICE kb
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
a. Defense against cancer kb kb
b. Repair of injured tissues kb kb kb
c. Defense against microbial infections kb kb kb
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases kb kb kb
e. Protection against environmental toxins kb kb kb
ANS: C
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbi
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
al infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that “immun o
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
surveillance” against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is controversi al.
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b k
Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune responses a nd
b kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b kb
inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are needed to prev
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
ent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a primary fu nction.
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally does not offer pr
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
otection against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
kb kb kb kb kb
2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successf
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
ul vaccination?
kb
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was a g
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
ainst smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
, smallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective va
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
ccines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th c ent
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
ury and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberc ulosis.
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens kb kb kb kb kb kb
b. Self-nonself discrimination kb
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
d. Protection against viral infections kb kb kb
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to t kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
he same microbe kb kb
ANS: A
, Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B lympho cy
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
tes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system. Both th
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k
e innate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-
b kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
associated and soluble receptors to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-
kb kb kb k b k b kb k b k b k b kb kb
nonself discrimination, and protect against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same mi c
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
robe, the adaptive immune response becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this i
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
s the manifestation of memory.
kb kb kb kb
4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
of immunity? kb
a. Innate and adaptive kb kb
b. Passive and active kb kb
c. Specific and nonspecific kb kb
d. Humoral and cell-mediated kb kb
e. Adult and neonatal kb kb
ANS: D
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B lymphocy
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
te s produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of humoral im
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
mun e responses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote eradication of int
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
rac ellular pathogens in cell-
kb kb kb kb
mediated immunity. Passive and active immunity both can be mediated by either B or T ly
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
mphocytes. Specific immunity is another term for adaptive immunity. Both B and T lymp h
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
ocytes participate in adult adaptive immunity but are still developing in the neonatal peri o
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b
d.
5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes kb kb kb kb kb kb
b. Natural killer cells and cytoWtoWxW
ic.TTlB
yS
mMph.oW
cyStes kb kb kb kb
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells kb kb kb kb kb kb
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells kb kb kb kb
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells kb kb kb kb kb
ANS: A
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Mo s
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
t effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other im
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
mune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T lymphocyt es,
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb k b k
bwhich directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T lymphocytes.
k b k b k b k b k b k b k b k b k b k b k b
Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells. kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
a. Natural killer cells kb kb
b. Dendritic cells kb
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes kb kb
d. B lymphocytes kb
e. Helper T lymphocytes kb kb
ANS: D
Humoral immune responses are antibody- kb kb kb kb
mediated immune responses, and all antibodies are made by B lymphocytes and no oth
kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb kb
er cell type.
kb kb
