HONDROS NUR 212 EXAM 3 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH 100% RATED EXPERT
SOLUTIONS |2026 LATEST UPDATED
1. What is diabetes?: A disorder in the pancreas.
chronic disease
7th leading cause of death in the USA
2. What happens when glucose cannot be metabolized in diabetes?: Cells die due to lack of primary fuel source.
3. What is the primary fuel source for cells in the CNS?: Glucose.
4. What is glycogen?: A stored form of glucose in the liver and muscles, used for energy when needed.
5. What is glucose?: A simple sugar that is the body's main source of energy.
6. What is glucose resistance?: Reduced ability of cells to respond to insulin, leading to higher blood glucose
levels (common in Type 2 diabetes).
7. What is the cornerstone treatment for diabetes?: Dietary management
8. How many calories should come from carbs with a diabetic patient?: 45-65% 9. If a patient has a blood glucose
level of 250 and urinary ketones present: the patient should not exercise until the patients levels return to normal
10. How often should A1C be tested for DM patients?: every 3 to 6 months
11. What should diabetics avoid applying directly on their feet?: Hot and cold
12. Should diabetics go barefoot?: No
13. What should diabetics use to care for their feet?: Moisturize feet but avoid creams between toes
14. What should a patient being treated for DKA be monitored closely for?: Signs of intracranial pressure.
,15. What can happen if blood glucose levels fall too far or too fast in a DKA patient?: Water is pulled from the
blood to the cerebrospinal fluid and the brain, causing cerebral edema.
16. What condition can result from rapid changes in blood glucose levels in a
DKA patient?: Increased intracranial pressure.
17. How should diabetics break in new shoes?: Gradually
18. How often should a diabetic see an ophthalmologist?: annually
19. What are causes of hyperglycemia?: Illness, infection, corticosteroids, too much food, too little or no diabetes
medication, inactivity, stress, poor absorption of insulin.
20. The onset of insulin tells you when: the patient should be fed
21 How often should the patient exercise?: Daily with gradual increase
22. When should the patient exercise?: At the same time daily
23. What should the patient eat prior to working out?: A carb 10-15g to avoid hypoglycemia
24. the typical carb amount per meal for a diabetic is: 45-60g per meal
The amount of carbs per meal should be tailored for each patient
25. How long can the effects of exercise last?: Up to 48 hours so a patient can experience hypoglycemia long after
exercising.
26. chronic complications of diabetes: Macrovascular and microvascular disease
skin conditions
27. 4 Microvascular Complications include: -Retinopathy
(vision problems)
-Nephropathy
, (kidney dysfunction)
-Neuropathy
(nerve dysfunction)
-male erectile dysfunction
Appears 10 to 20 years after diagnosis
28. Neuropathy: nerve damage due to metabolic imbalances of diabetes 60%- 70% of diabetics are effected
major risk for lower extremity amputations
29. Macrovasular disease due to diabetes: Coronary Heart Disease - blood supply to the heart Cerebrovascular
Disease - Blood supply to the brain
Peripheral arterial disease -
blood supply to arms and legs (diabetic foot)
30. Acanthosis nigricans: Dark, thickened skin patches, often linked to insulin resistance. (ie. neck) - patient looks
dirty
31. Diabetes dermopathy: Skin spots or patches caused by diabetes-related changes in blood vessels.
32. What is polyuria?: Excessive urination.
33 What is polydipsia?: Excessive thirst.
34. What is polyphagia?: Means difficulty swallowing but it means excessive hunger in diabetes
35. Risk Factors of Diabetic Nephropathy: Hypertension
Genetics
Smoking
Chronic hyperglycemia
36. 3 Acute Complications of Diabetes: 1)Hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar State (HHS) 2) DKA
SOLUTIONS |2026 LATEST UPDATED
1. What is diabetes?: A disorder in the pancreas.
chronic disease
7th leading cause of death in the USA
2. What happens when glucose cannot be metabolized in diabetes?: Cells die due to lack of primary fuel source.
3. What is the primary fuel source for cells in the CNS?: Glucose.
4. What is glycogen?: A stored form of glucose in the liver and muscles, used for energy when needed.
5. What is glucose?: A simple sugar that is the body's main source of energy.
6. What is glucose resistance?: Reduced ability of cells to respond to insulin, leading to higher blood glucose
levels (common in Type 2 diabetes).
7. What is the cornerstone treatment for diabetes?: Dietary management
8. How many calories should come from carbs with a diabetic patient?: 45-65% 9. If a patient has a blood glucose
level of 250 and urinary ketones present: the patient should not exercise until the patients levels return to normal
10. How often should A1C be tested for DM patients?: every 3 to 6 months
11. What should diabetics avoid applying directly on their feet?: Hot and cold
12. Should diabetics go barefoot?: No
13. What should diabetics use to care for their feet?: Moisturize feet but avoid creams between toes
14. What should a patient being treated for DKA be monitored closely for?: Signs of intracranial pressure.
,15. What can happen if blood glucose levels fall too far or too fast in a DKA patient?: Water is pulled from the
blood to the cerebrospinal fluid and the brain, causing cerebral edema.
16. What condition can result from rapid changes in blood glucose levels in a
DKA patient?: Increased intracranial pressure.
17. How should diabetics break in new shoes?: Gradually
18. How often should a diabetic see an ophthalmologist?: annually
19. What are causes of hyperglycemia?: Illness, infection, corticosteroids, too much food, too little or no diabetes
medication, inactivity, stress, poor absorption of insulin.
20. The onset of insulin tells you when: the patient should be fed
21 How often should the patient exercise?: Daily with gradual increase
22. When should the patient exercise?: At the same time daily
23. What should the patient eat prior to working out?: A carb 10-15g to avoid hypoglycemia
24. the typical carb amount per meal for a diabetic is: 45-60g per meal
The amount of carbs per meal should be tailored for each patient
25. How long can the effects of exercise last?: Up to 48 hours so a patient can experience hypoglycemia long after
exercising.
26. chronic complications of diabetes: Macrovascular and microvascular disease
skin conditions
27. 4 Microvascular Complications include: -Retinopathy
(vision problems)
-Nephropathy
, (kidney dysfunction)
-Neuropathy
(nerve dysfunction)
-male erectile dysfunction
Appears 10 to 20 years after diagnosis
28. Neuropathy: nerve damage due to metabolic imbalances of diabetes 60%- 70% of diabetics are effected
major risk for lower extremity amputations
29. Macrovasular disease due to diabetes: Coronary Heart Disease - blood supply to the heart Cerebrovascular
Disease - Blood supply to the brain
Peripheral arterial disease -
blood supply to arms and legs (diabetic foot)
30. Acanthosis nigricans: Dark, thickened skin patches, often linked to insulin resistance. (ie. neck) - patient looks
dirty
31. Diabetes dermopathy: Skin spots or patches caused by diabetes-related changes in blood vessels.
32. What is polyuria?: Excessive urination.
33 What is polydipsia?: Excessive thirst.
34. What is polyphagia?: Means difficulty swallowing but it means excessive hunger in diabetes
35. Risk Factors of Diabetic Nephropathy: Hypertension
Genetics
Smoking
Chronic hyperglycemia
36. 3 Acute Complications of Diabetes: 1)Hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar State (HHS) 2) DKA
