NUR 265 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026-2027 | LATEST VERIFIED EXAM … EXAM
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NUR 265 Exam 1 Questions
& Answers 2026-2027 |
Latest Verified Exam
(Rationales)
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
100 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document contains 100 verified exam questions with correct answers and detailed rationales focusing
on nursing concepts. It provides a comprehensive resource for understanding key topics and principles in
nursing education. Students can utilize this material for effective study, thorough review, and preparation
for certification exams.
CONTENTS
01 Renal Disorders Q1–Q12
02 Chronic Kidney Disease Q13–Q24
03 Liver Disorders Q25–Q36
Page 1
, 04 Pancreatitis Q37–Q48
05 Hematological Disorders Q49–Q58
06 Laboratory Values Q59–Q67
07 Cardiac Assessment Q68–Q78
08 Cardiac Conditions Q79–Q89
09 Cardiac Pharmacology Q90–Q100
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 100
What is nephrotic syndrome?
CORRECT ANSWER
A condition of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane
into the urine and then be excreted.
RATIONALE
In nephrotic syndrome, heightened glomerular permeability results from damage to the glomerular filtration barrier,
leading to the excretion of large proteins, such as albumin, in the urine. This pathophysiological change disrupts
normal protein balance, contributing to edema and hypoalbuminemia.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 100
Page 2
,What are key features of nephrotic syndrome?
CORRECT ANSWER
-
Massive proteinuria
-Hypoalbuminemia
-Edema (facial and periorbital)
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function
RATIONALE
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by significant protein loss through urine leading to hypoalbuminemia, which
causes edema due to decreased oncotic pressure. Additionally, lipiduria and hyperlipidemia result from altered lipid
metabolism, while increased coagulation and reduced kidney function are secondary complications of the
underlying pathophysiology.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 100
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what?
CORRECT ANSWER
3.5g in 24 hours
RATIONALE
5 grams per 24 hours. This hallmark of nephrotic syndrome indicates a loss of serum albumin, contributing to edema
and hypoalbuminemia.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 100
What is nephrotic syndrome treated with?
CORRECT ANSWER
-immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)
Page 3
, RATIONALE
Immunosuppressants target underlying immune-mediated processes in nephrotic syndrome, while ACE inhibitors
reduce proteinuria by decreasing glomerular pressure; statins manage dyslipidemia, and heparin addresses
thromboembolic risks associated with nephrotic syndrome’s hypercoagulable state. This multifaceted approach
reflects the complex pathophysiology of nephrotic syndrome and aims to restore renal function and reduce
complications.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 100
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples.
CORRECT ANSWER
Decreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
RATIONALE
Decreased perfusion to the kidneys leads to prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI), where insufficient blood flow
compromises renal function, often due to factors such as NSAID use, severe dehydration, and conditions like
myocardial infarction or heart failure that reduce cardiac output. Recognizing the underlying causes of prerenal AKI
is crucial for timely intervention and prevention of irreversible kidney damage.
Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 100
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples.
CORRECT ANSWER
Tissue damage to the actual kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
Page 4
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NUR 265 Exam 1 Questions
& Answers 2026-2027 |
Latest Verified Exam
(Rationales)
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
100 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document contains 100 verified exam questions with correct answers and detailed rationales focusing
on nursing concepts. It provides a comprehensive resource for understanding key topics and principles in
nursing education. Students can utilize this material for effective study, thorough review, and preparation
for certification exams.
CONTENTS
01 Renal Disorders Q1–Q12
02 Chronic Kidney Disease Q13–Q24
03 Liver Disorders Q25–Q36
Page 1
, 04 Pancreatitis Q37–Q48
05 Hematological Disorders Q49–Q58
06 Laboratory Values Q59–Q67
07 Cardiac Assessment Q68–Q78
08 Cardiac Conditions Q79–Q89
09 Cardiac Pharmacology Q90–Q100
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 100
What is nephrotic syndrome?
CORRECT ANSWER
A condition of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane
into the urine and then be excreted.
RATIONALE
In nephrotic syndrome, heightened glomerular permeability results from damage to the glomerular filtration barrier,
leading to the excretion of large proteins, such as albumin, in the urine. This pathophysiological change disrupts
normal protein balance, contributing to edema and hypoalbuminemia.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 100
Page 2
,What are key features of nephrotic syndrome?
CORRECT ANSWER
-
Massive proteinuria
-Hypoalbuminemia
-Edema (facial and periorbital)
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function
RATIONALE
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by significant protein loss through urine leading to hypoalbuminemia, which
causes edema due to decreased oncotic pressure. Additionally, lipiduria and hyperlipidemia result from altered lipid
metabolism, while increased coagulation and reduced kidney function are secondary complications of the
underlying pathophysiology.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 100
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what?
CORRECT ANSWER
3.5g in 24 hours
RATIONALE
5 grams per 24 hours. This hallmark of nephrotic syndrome indicates a loss of serum albumin, contributing to edema
and hypoalbuminemia.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 100
What is nephrotic syndrome treated with?
CORRECT ANSWER
-immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)
Page 3
, RATIONALE
Immunosuppressants target underlying immune-mediated processes in nephrotic syndrome, while ACE inhibitors
reduce proteinuria by decreasing glomerular pressure; statins manage dyslipidemia, and heparin addresses
thromboembolic risks associated with nephrotic syndrome’s hypercoagulable state. This multifaceted approach
reflects the complex pathophysiology of nephrotic syndrome and aims to restore renal function and reduce
complications.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 100
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples.
CORRECT ANSWER
Decreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
RATIONALE
Decreased perfusion to the kidneys leads to prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI), where insufficient blood flow
compromises renal function, often due to factors such as NSAID use, severe dehydration, and conditions like
myocardial infarction or heart failure that reduce cardiac output. Recognizing the underlying causes of prerenal AKI
is crucial for timely intervention and prevention of irreversible kidney damage.
Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 100
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples.
CORRECT ANSWER
Tissue damage to the actual kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
Page 4
