Thermodynamics
Exam #1Questions and
Answers Updated 2026
extensiveBpropertiesB-
BAnswerBpropertiesBthatBdoBdependBonBtheBamountBofBmatterBpresentB(variesBdirect
lyBwithBmass)
ex:Bmass,Bweight,Bvolume,Blength,BtotalBinternalBenergy
intensiveBpropertiesB-
BAnswerBpropertiesBthatBdoBNOTBdependBonBtheBamountBofBmatterBpresentB(indepe
ndentBofBmass)
ex:Bcolor,Bodor,Bdensity,BboilingBpoint,Bmelting/freezing,Bconductivity,Bhardness
1stBLawBofBThermodynamicsB-BAnswerBconservationBofBenergy
energyBisBaBthermodynamicsBproperty
2ndBLawBofBThermodynamicsB-BAnswerBenergyBhasBqualityBandBquantity
actualBprocessesBoccurBinBdirectionBofBdecreasingBquality
closedBsystemB-BAnswerBsystemBhasBaBfixedBmass,BnoBmassBcanBenterBorBleave
heatBandBworkBcanBcrossBboundaryBofBaBclosedBsystem
openBsystemB-BAnswerBmassBtransferBoccursBacrossBboundary
, thermodynamicBequilibriumB-
BAnswerBmaintainsBthermal,Bmechanical,Bphase,BandBchemicalBequilibrium
quasi-staticBorBquasi-equilibriumBprocessB-
BAnswerBsystemBisBpracticallyBinBequilibriumBatBallBtimes
ZerothBLawBofBThermodynamicsB-
BAnswerBTwoBbodiesBareBinBthermalBequilibriumBifBbothBhaveBtheBsameBtemperature
BreadingBevenBifBtheyBareBnotBinBcontact
gageBpressureB-BAnswerBdifferenceBbetweenBabsoluteBandBlocalBatmosphericBpressure
P_gageB=BP_absB-BP_atm
vacuumBpressureB-BAnswerBpressureBbelowBatmosphericBpressure
P_vacB=BP_atmB-BP_abs
VariationBofBpressureBwithBelevationB-BAnswerBdP/dzB=B-ρg
totalBenergyB-
BAnswerBsumBofBallBformsBofBenergyBofBaBsystemB(internal,Bkinetic,BandBpotential)
internalBenergyB-
BAnswerBmolecularBenergyBofBaBsystem,BmayBexistBinBsensible,Blatent,Bchemical,Band
BnuclearBforms
mechanicalBenergyB-
BAnswerBformBofBenergyBthatBcanBbeBconvertedBtoBmechanicalBworkBcompletelyBand
BdirectlyBbyBaBmechanicalBdeviceBsuchBasBanBidealBturbine
Exam #1Questions and
Answers Updated 2026
extensiveBpropertiesB-
BAnswerBpropertiesBthatBdoBdependBonBtheBamountBofBmatterBpresentB(variesBdirect
lyBwithBmass)
ex:Bmass,Bweight,Bvolume,Blength,BtotalBinternalBenergy
intensiveBpropertiesB-
BAnswerBpropertiesBthatBdoBNOTBdependBonBtheBamountBofBmatterBpresentB(indepe
ndentBofBmass)
ex:Bcolor,Bodor,Bdensity,BboilingBpoint,Bmelting/freezing,Bconductivity,Bhardness
1stBLawBofBThermodynamicsB-BAnswerBconservationBofBenergy
energyBisBaBthermodynamicsBproperty
2ndBLawBofBThermodynamicsB-BAnswerBenergyBhasBqualityBandBquantity
actualBprocessesBoccurBinBdirectionBofBdecreasingBquality
closedBsystemB-BAnswerBsystemBhasBaBfixedBmass,BnoBmassBcanBenterBorBleave
heatBandBworkBcanBcrossBboundaryBofBaBclosedBsystem
openBsystemB-BAnswerBmassBtransferBoccursBacrossBboundary
, thermodynamicBequilibriumB-
BAnswerBmaintainsBthermal,Bmechanical,Bphase,BandBchemicalBequilibrium
quasi-staticBorBquasi-equilibriumBprocessB-
BAnswerBsystemBisBpracticallyBinBequilibriumBatBallBtimes
ZerothBLawBofBThermodynamicsB-
BAnswerBTwoBbodiesBareBinBthermalBequilibriumBifBbothBhaveBtheBsameBtemperature
BreadingBevenBifBtheyBareBnotBinBcontact
gageBpressureB-BAnswerBdifferenceBbetweenBabsoluteBandBlocalBatmosphericBpressure
P_gageB=BP_absB-BP_atm
vacuumBpressureB-BAnswerBpressureBbelowBatmosphericBpressure
P_vacB=BP_atmB-BP_abs
VariationBofBpressureBwithBelevationB-BAnswerBdP/dzB=B-ρg
totalBenergyB-
BAnswerBsumBofBallBformsBofBenergyBofBaBsystemB(internal,Bkinetic,BandBpotential)
internalBenergyB-
BAnswerBmolecularBenergyBofBaBsystem,BmayBexistBinBsensible,Blatent,Bchemical,Band
BnuclearBforms
mechanicalBenergyB-
BAnswerBformBofBenergyBthatBcanBbeBconvertedBtoBmechanicalBworkBcompletelyBand
BdirectlyBbyBaBmechanicalBdeviceBsuchBasBanBidealBturbine