TEST BANK Fundamentals of Nursing
OpenStax Senior Contributing Authors:
Christy Bowen, Lindsay Draper, Heather
Moore
Total Questions: 200
Question Type: Multiple Choice
Answer Key: Correct answer indicated in bold after each question
Rationales: Provided for each correct answer
UNIT 1: FOUNDATION OF NURSING AND THE HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Nursing Profession: Evolution, Theories, and Practice
1. The nurse is caring for a patient who is anxious about an upcoming surgery. Which nursing
action best demonstrates the role of the nurse as an advocate?
- A) Explaining the surgical procedure in detail
- B) Administering prescribed anti-anxiety medication
- C) Speaking with the surgeon about the patient's concerns and ensuring the patient's wishes
are respected
- D) Encouraging the patient to focus on positive outcomes
Answer: C
Rationale: Advocacy involves protecting the patient's rights and speaking on their behalf. By
communicating the patient's concerns to the surgeon and ensuring their wishes are respected,
the nurse is acting as an advocate. While patient education (A) and medication administration
(B) are important nursing roles, they do not specifically represent advocacy. Encouraging
positive thinking (D) is supportive but does not address the advocacy role.
2. Which statement best describes Florence Nightingale's contribution to nursing?
- A) She established the American Red Cross
,- B) She developed the first nursing theory based on self-care
- C) She defined nursing as both an art and a science and created freestanding nursing
education
- D) She pioneered the use of evidence-based practice in nursing
Answer: C
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of modern nursing. She defined
nursing as both an art and a science, differentiated nursing from medicine, created freestanding
nursing education, and published influential books. Clara Barton established the American Red
Cross (A).
3. A nurse is caring for a patient with a chronic illness. According to Maslow's hierarchy of
needs, which need should the nurse prioritize first?
- A) Self-esteem needs
- B) Love and belonging needs
- C) Physiologic needs (oxygen, food, water, rest)
- D) Self-actualization needs
Answer: C
Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy of needs provides a framework for nursing assessment and
understanding patient needs. Physiologic needs (oxygen, food, water, rest, physical activity) are
the most basic and must be met before higher-level needs can be addressed. This is Level 1 of
Maslow's hierarchy.
4. A nurse is admitted to the hospital with a severe illness. The nurse is concerned about
missing work and letting colleagues down. This concern reflects which level of Maslow's
hierarchy of needs?
- A) Physiologic needs
- B) Safety and security needs
- C) Love and belonging needs
- D) Self-esteem needs
Answer: C
Rationale: Love and belonging needs include relationships, social connections, and feeling
accepted by others. The nurse's concern about letting colleagues down reflects the need for
belonging and social connection. This is Level 3 of Maslow's hierarchy.
,5. A nurse is teaching a patient about medication administration. This action reflects which
interrelated role of the nurse?
- A) Advocate
- B) Teacher
- C) Leader
- D) Researcher
Answer: B
Rationale: The interrelated roles of nurses include communicator, teacher, counselor, leader,
researcher, advocate, and collaborator. Teaching a patient about medication administration is a
direct example of the teacher role.
6. A new graduate nurse is learning about the criteria that define nursing as a profession. Which
of the following is a characteristic of a profession?
- A) General knowledge base that is not specific to nursing
- B) Dependence on other professions for authority
- C) A code of ethics and professional organization that sets standards
- D) Limited research and autonomy in practice
Answer: C
Rationale: Nursing is recognized as a profession based on several criteria, including a
well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge, a strong service orientation, recognized
authority by a professional group (ANA), a code of ethics, a professional organization that sets
standards, ongoing research, and autonomy and self-regulation.
7. Which nursing theorist is known for developing the Theory of Self-Care?
- A) Florence Nightingale
- B) Dorothea Orem
- C) Jean Watson
- D) Hildegard Peplau
Answer: B
Rationale: Dorothea Orem developed the Self-Care Deficit Theory, which focuses on the
patient's ability to perform self-care activities. Jean Watson is known for the Theory of Human
Caring. Hildegard Peplau is known for the Theory of Interpersonal Relations.
8. A nurse is using the nursing process to plan care for a patient. In which phase does the nurse
establish goals and expected outcomes?
, - A) Assessment
- B) Diagnosis
- C) Planning
- D) Evaluation
Answer: C
Rationale: The nursing process includes five phases: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, and Evaluation. During the planning phase, the nurse establishes goals and
expected outcomes. The nursing process helps nurses implement their roles, integrates the art
and science of nursing, and allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning.
9. A patient is learning to manage a new diagnosis of diabetes. The nurse helps the patient
identify community support resources. This nursing action addresses which aspect of coping?
- A) Coping with acute illness only
- B) Coping with disability and chronic illness
- C) Coping with terminal illness only
- D) Coping with psychosocial stress
Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses help patients cope with disability and death by using optimal function of
maximum strengths and potentials, referring to community support systems, and providing care
to families and patients during end-of-life care and hospice.
10. The LPN/LVN is preparing to administer a medication. The nurse understands that the legal
scope of practice is defined by:
- A) The Nurse Practice Act in the state where they practice
- B) The American Nurses Association (ANA)
- C) The hospital policy manual
- D) The National League for Nursing (NLN)
Answer: A
Rationale: Nurse Practice Acts define the legal scope of nursing practice, create state boards of
nursing to make and enforce rules and regulations, define important terms and activities in
nursing, including legal requirements and titles for RNs and LPNs, and establish criteria for
education and licensure of nurses.
Chapter 2: Communication
OpenStax Senior Contributing Authors:
Christy Bowen, Lindsay Draper, Heather
Moore
Total Questions: 200
Question Type: Multiple Choice
Answer Key: Correct answer indicated in bold after each question
Rationales: Provided for each correct answer
UNIT 1: FOUNDATION OF NURSING AND THE HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Nursing Profession: Evolution, Theories, and Practice
1. The nurse is caring for a patient who is anxious about an upcoming surgery. Which nursing
action best demonstrates the role of the nurse as an advocate?
- A) Explaining the surgical procedure in detail
- B) Administering prescribed anti-anxiety medication
- C) Speaking with the surgeon about the patient's concerns and ensuring the patient's wishes
are respected
- D) Encouraging the patient to focus on positive outcomes
Answer: C
Rationale: Advocacy involves protecting the patient's rights and speaking on their behalf. By
communicating the patient's concerns to the surgeon and ensuring their wishes are respected,
the nurse is acting as an advocate. While patient education (A) and medication administration
(B) are important nursing roles, they do not specifically represent advocacy. Encouraging
positive thinking (D) is supportive but does not address the advocacy role.
2. Which statement best describes Florence Nightingale's contribution to nursing?
- A) She established the American Red Cross
,- B) She developed the first nursing theory based on self-care
- C) She defined nursing as both an art and a science and created freestanding nursing
education
- D) She pioneered the use of evidence-based practice in nursing
Answer: C
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of modern nursing. She defined
nursing as both an art and a science, differentiated nursing from medicine, created freestanding
nursing education, and published influential books. Clara Barton established the American Red
Cross (A).
3. A nurse is caring for a patient with a chronic illness. According to Maslow's hierarchy of
needs, which need should the nurse prioritize first?
- A) Self-esteem needs
- B) Love and belonging needs
- C) Physiologic needs (oxygen, food, water, rest)
- D) Self-actualization needs
Answer: C
Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy of needs provides a framework for nursing assessment and
understanding patient needs. Physiologic needs (oxygen, food, water, rest, physical activity) are
the most basic and must be met before higher-level needs can be addressed. This is Level 1 of
Maslow's hierarchy.
4. A nurse is admitted to the hospital with a severe illness. The nurse is concerned about
missing work and letting colleagues down. This concern reflects which level of Maslow's
hierarchy of needs?
- A) Physiologic needs
- B) Safety and security needs
- C) Love and belonging needs
- D) Self-esteem needs
Answer: C
Rationale: Love and belonging needs include relationships, social connections, and feeling
accepted by others. The nurse's concern about letting colleagues down reflects the need for
belonging and social connection. This is Level 3 of Maslow's hierarchy.
,5. A nurse is teaching a patient about medication administration. This action reflects which
interrelated role of the nurse?
- A) Advocate
- B) Teacher
- C) Leader
- D) Researcher
Answer: B
Rationale: The interrelated roles of nurses include communicator, teacher, counselor, leader,
researcher, advocate, and collaborator. Teaching a patient about medication administration is a
direct example of the teacher role.
6. A new graduate nurse is learning about the criteria that define nursing as a profession. Which
of the following is a characteristic of a profession?
- A) General knowledge base that is not specific to nursing
- B) Dependence on other professions for authority
- C) A code of ethics and professional organization that sets standards
- D) Limited research and autonomy in practice
Answer: C
Rationale: Nursing is recognized as a profession based on several criteria, including a
well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge, a strong service orientation, recognized
authority by a professional group (ANA), a code of ethics, a professional organization that sets
standards, ongoing research, and autonomy and self-regulation.
7. Which nursing theorist is known for developing the Theory of Self-Care?
- A) Florence Nightingale
- B) Dorothea Orem
- C) Jean Watson
- D) Hildegard Peplau
Answer: B
Rationale: Dorothea Orem developed the Self-Care Deficit Theory, which focuses on the
patient's ability to perform self-care activities. Jean Watson is known for the Theory of Human
Caring. Hildegard Peplau is known for the Theory of Interpersonal Relations.
8. A nurse is using the nursing process to plan care for a patient. In which phase does the nurse
establish goals and expected outcomes?
, - A) Assessment
- B) Diagnosis
- C) Planning
- D) Evaluation
Answer: C
Rationale: The nursing process includes five phases: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, and Evaluation. During the planning phase, the nurse establishes goals and
expected outcomes. The nursing process helps nurses implement their roles, integrates the art
and science of nursing, and allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning.
9. A patient is learning to manage a new diagnosis of diabetes. The nurse helps the patient
identify community support resources. This nursing action addresses which aspect of coping?
- A) Coping with acute illness only
- B) Coping with disability and chronic illness
- C) Coping with terminal illness only
- D) Coping with psychosocial stress
Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses help patients cope with disability and death by using optimal function of
maximum strengths and potentials, referring to community support systems, and providing care
to families and patients during end-of-life care and hospice.
10. The LPN/LVN is preparing to administer a medication. The nurse understands that the legal
scope of practice is defined by:
- A) The Nurse Practice Act in the state where they practice
- B) The American Nurses Association (ANA)
- C) The hospital policy manual
- D) The National League for Nursing (NLN)
Answer: A
Rationale: Nurse Practice Acts define the legal scope of nursing practice, create state boards of
nursing to make and enforce rules and regulations, define important terms and activities in
nursing, including legal requirements and titles for RNs and LPNs, and establish criteria for
education and licensure of nurses.
Chapter 2: Communication
