ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 4
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE
◉ A nurse is teaching about the functions of the pulmonary system.
Which
information should the nurse include? One of the functions of the
pulmonary system is the:
A. Expelling of bacteria B. Exchange of gases between the
environment and blood
C. Movement of blood into and out of the capillaries
D. Principle mechanism for cooling of the heart
Answer: Exchange of gases between the environment and blood
◉ During inspiration, muscular contraction of the diaphragm causes
air to
move into the lung. The mechanisms that drive air movement during
inspiration are a(n):
A. Decrease in intra-alveolar pressure and shortening of the rib cage
, B. Decrease in the size of the thorax and alveolar expansion C.
Increase in the size of the thorax and a decrease in intrapleural
pressure
D. Increase in atmospheric pressure and intrapleural pressure
Answer: Increase in the size of the thorax and a decrease in
intrapleural pressure
◉ An aide asks a nurse how surfactant works. How should the nurse
respond?
Surfactant facilitates alveolar distention and ventilation by:
A. Decreasing thoracic compliance
B. Attracting water to the alveolar surface
C. Decreasing surface tension in alveoli
D. Increasing diffusion in alveoli
Answer: Decreasing surface tension in alveoli
◉ Which principle should the nurse remember while planning care
for a
patient with a respiratory problem? Under most circumstances,
increased
work of breathing results in:
A. Increased partial pressure of O2 in the lungs
B. Increased oxygen consumption
,C. Decreased PaCO2
D. Alterations in alveolar perfusion
Answer: Increased oxygen consumption
◉ A patient wants to know how carbon dioxide is transported in the
body.
How should the nurse respond? Carbon dioxide (CO2) is mainly
transported
in the blood:
A. Attached to oxygen (O2)
B. Dissolved in red blood cells
C. Combined with albumin D. In the form of bicarbonate
Answer: In the form of bicarbonate
◉ Which of the following terms should the nurse use when there is a
balance between outward recoil of the chest wall and inward recoil
of
lungs at rest?
A. Functional residual capacity (FRC) is reached.
B. Vital capacity (VC) is reached.
C. Total lung capacity (TLC) is reached.
D. Residual volume (RV) is reached.
, Answer: Functional residual capacity (FRC) is reached.
◉ If an individual with respiratory difficulty were retaining too
much
carbon dioxide, which of the following compensatory responses
would the
nurse expect to be initiated? A. Increase in respiratory rate
B. Decrease in ventilation rate
C. Increase in tidal volume
D. Vasodilation of the pulmonary arterioles
Answer: Increase in respiratory rate
◉ A nurse remembers the majority of total airway resistance occurs
in the:
A. Bronchi
B. Nose
C. Oral pharynx
D. Diaphragm
Answer: Nose
◉ The nurse is describing the receptors in the lung that decrease
ventilatory rate and volume when stimulated. Which receptors is the
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE
◉ A nurse is teaching about the functions of the pulmonary system.
Which
information should the nurse include? One of the functions of the
pulmonary system is the:
A. Expelling of bacteria B. Exchange of gases between the
environment and blood
C. Movement of blood into and out of the capillaries
D. Principle mechanism for cooling of the heart
Answer: Exchange of gases between the environment and blood
◉ During inspiration, muscular contraction of the diaphragm causes
air to
move into the lung. The mechanisms that drive air movement during
inspiration are a(n):
A. Decrease in intra-alveolar pressure and shortening of the rib cage
, B. Decrease in the size of the thorax and alveolar expansion C.
Increase in the size of the thorax and a decrease in intrapleural
pressure
D. Increase in atmospheric pressure and intrapleural pressure
Answer: Increase in the size of the thorax and a decrease in
intrapleural pressure
◉ An aide asks a nurse how surfactant works. How should the nurse
respond?
Surfactant facilitates alveolar distention and ventilation by:
A. Decreasing thoracic compliance
B. Attracting water to the alveolar surface
C. Decreasing surface tension in alveoli
D. Increasing diffusion in alveoli
Answer: Decreasing surface tension in alveoli
◉ Which principle should the nurse remember while planning care
for a
patient with a respiratory problem? Under most circumstances,
increased
work of breathing results in:
A. Increased partial pressure of O2 in the lungs
B. Increased oxygen consumption
,C. Decreased PaCO2
D. Alterations in alveolar perfusion
Answer: Increased oxygen consumption
◉ A patient wants to know how carbon dioxide is transported in the
body.
How should the nurse respond? Carbon dioxide (CO2) is mainly
transported
in the blood:
A. Attached to oxygen (O2)
B. Dissolved in red blood cells
C. Combined with albumin D. In the form of bicarbonate
Answer: In the form of bicarbonate
◉ Which of the following terms should the nurse use when there is a
balance between outward recoil of the chest wall and inward recoil
of
lungs at rest?
A. Functional residual capacity (FRC) is reached.
B. Vital capacity (VC) is reached.
C. Total lung capacity (TLC) is reached.
D. Residual volume (RV) is reached.
, Answer: Functional residual capacity (FRC) is reached.
◉ If an individual with respiratory difficulty were retaining too
much
carbon dioxide, which of the following compensatory responses
would the
nurse expect to be initiated? A. Increase in respiratory rate
B. Decrease in ventilation rate
C. Increase in tidal volume
D. Vasodilation of the pulmonary arterioles
Answer: Increase in respiratory rate
◉ A nurse remembers the majority of total airway resistance occurs
in the:
A. Bronchi
B. Nose
C. Oral pharynx
D. Diaphragm
Answer: Nose
◉ The nurse is describing the receptors in the lung that decrease
ventilatory rate and volume when stimulated. Which receptors is the
