Exam 2: BIOS 252 / BIOS252 (Latest Update 2026/2027) Anatomy and Physiology II with Lab | Questions & Verified
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT - EXAM
Exam 2: BIOS 252 / BIOS252 (Latest
Update 2026/2027) Anatomy and
Physiology II with Lab | Questions &
Verified
75 QUESTIONS Answers
VERIFIED|ANSWERS
Grade A2026/2027
| 100% EDITION
Comprehensive assessment Expert-reviewed rationales Latest curriculum update
Correct - Chamberlain 2026/2027
TOPICS COVERED
• Cardiovascular System • Digestive System & Metabolism
• Lymphatic & Immune System • Urinary System, Fluid/Electrolyte
• Respiratory System • Acid-Base Balance
PASSING SCORE: 80% (60/75)
COVER PAGE - 1
, SECTION 1: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
/2027) Anatomy and Physiology II with Lab | Questions & Verified Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct - Chamberlain 2026/2027
Q1 A 58-year-old patient presents with crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm. An ECG
reveals ST-segment elevation in leads V1-V4. The nurse suspects an anterior wall myocardial
infarction. Which coronary artery is most likely occluded?
A. Left anterior descending artery
B. Left circumflex artery
C. Right coronary artery
D. Posterior descending artery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The left anterior descending artery supplies the anterior wall of the left ventricle, and ST elevation in V1-V4 is
classic for an anterior MI. The right coronary artery typically affects inferior leads (II, III, aVF).
Q2 During a routine physical, a 42-year-old male is found to have a blood pressure of 158/96
mmHg on three separate occasions. His physician explains that sustained elevation in his
diastolic pressure increases afterload on the left ventricle. Which structural change will most
likely occur in the myocardium as a compensatory response?
A. Eccentric hypertrophy with chamber dilation
B. Concentric hypertrophy with thickened walls
C. Myocardial atrophy and fibrosis
D. Dilation of the coronary arteries
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic pressure overload from hypertension causes concentric hypertrophy, where the ventricular walls thicken
without chamber dilation. Eccentric hypertrophy occurs with volume overload, such as in valvular regurgitation.
Q3 A nursing student is reviewing the cardiac cycle and notes that the aortic valve closes when
ventricular pressure drops below aortic pressure. This event marks the beginning of which
phase?
A. Isovolumetric contraction
B. Rapid ventricular ejection
C. Isovolumetric relaxation
D. Rapid ventricular filling
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aortic valve closure occurs at the dicrotic notch and begins isovolumetric relaxation, during which all valves are
closed and ventricular volume remains constant. Isovolumetric contraction begins with mitral valve closure.
Q4 A 67-year-old woman with chronic heart failure is taking a medication that blocks the
conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Her nurse understands that reducing angiotensin
II levels decreases which of the following harmful effects on the cardiovascular system?
A. Vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion
B. Bradycardia and decreased preload
C. Vasoconstriction and increased aldosterone secretion
D. Increased natriuretic peptide release
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone release, which promotes sodium/water
retention. ACE inhibitors block this pathway, reducing afterload and preload. Vasodilation would be beneficial, not harmful.
,Anatomy and Physiology II with Lab | Questions & Verified Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct - Chamberlain 2026/2027
Q5 During a cardiac catheterization, a physician threads a catheter through the femoral vein into
the right side of the heart. As the catheter passes through the tricuspid valve, it enters which
chamber?
A. Right ventricle
B. Right atrium
C. Left atrium
D. Pulmonary artery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle. Blood flows from the right atrium through the
tricuspid valve into the right ventricle during diastole.
Q6 A patient with atrial fibrillation is at increased risk for stroke because blood stasis in the atria
promotes thrombus formation. The nurse explains that the left atrial appendage is particularly
prone to clot formation. Which vessel would a dislodged clot from this location most likely
enter first?
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Aorta
C. Superior vena cava
D. Coronary sinus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood from the left atrium flows through the mitral valve into the left ventricle and then into the aorta. A clot from the
left atrium would enter systemic circulation via the aorta, potentially causing an embolic stroke in the brain.
Q7 A 55-year-old marathon runner has a resting heart rate of 48 beats per minute. His physician
explains that chronic aerobic training increases vagal tone and stroke volume. Which equation
best describes how his cardiac output is maintained at rest despite the low heart rate?
A. Cardiac output = Heart rate / Stroke volume
B. Cardiac output = Blood pressure x Peripheral resistance
C. Cardiac output = Heart rate x Stroke volume
D. Cardiac output = End-diastolic volume - End-systolic volume
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cardiac output is defined as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume (CO = HR x SV). In trained athletes, increased
stroke volume compensates for decreased heart rate, maintaining normal cardiac output at rest.
Q8 A patient with severe aortic stenosis develops syncope upon exertion. The nurse recognizes
that the narrowed aortic valve obstructs outflow from the left ventricle, limiting cardiac output.
Which hemodynamic parameter is most directly compromised by this condition?
A. Venous return to the right atrium
B. Pulmonary blood flow to the left atrium
C. Left ventricular ejection into the aorta
D. Coronary artery perfusion during systole
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aortic stenosis directly obstructs left ventricular outflow into the aorta, reducing stroke volume and causing
symptoms like syncope, angina, and dyspnea. Coronary perfusion is primarily a diastolic phenomenon.
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT - EXAM
Exam 2: BIOS 252 / BIOS252 (Latest
Update 2026/2027) Anatomy and
Physiology II with Lab | Questions &
Verified
75 QUESTIONS Answers
VERIFIED|ANSWERS
Grade A2026/2027
| 100% EDITION
Comprehensive assessment Expert-reviewed rationales Latest curriculum update
Correct - Chamberlain 2026/2027
TOPICS COVERED
• Cardiovascular System • Digestive System & Metabolism
• Lymphatic & Immune System • Urinary System, Fluid/Electrolyte
• Respiratory System • Acid-Base Balance
PASSING SCORE: 80% (60/75)
COVER PAGE - 1
, SECTION 1: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
/2027) Anatomy and Physiology II with Lab | Questions & Verified Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct - Chamberlain 2026/2027
Q1 A 58-year-old patient presents with crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm. An ECG
reveals ST-segment elevation in leads V1-V4. The nurse suspects an anterior wall myocardial
infarction. Which coronary artery is most likely occluded?
A. Left anterior descending artery
B. Left circumflex artery
C. Right coronary artery
D. Posterior descending artery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The left anterior descending artery supplies the anterior wall of the left ventricle, and ST elevation in V1-V4 is
classic for an anterior MI. The right coronary artery typically affects inferior leads (II, III, aVF).
Q2 During a routine physical, a 42-year-old male is found to have a blood pressure of 158/96
mmHg on three separate occasions. His physician explains that sustained elevation in his
diastolic pressure increases afterload on the left ventricle. Which structural change will most
likely occur in the myocardium as a compensatory response?
A. Eccentric hypertrophy with chamber dilation
B. Concentric hypertrophy with thickened walls
C. Myocardial atrophy and fibrosis
D. Dilation of the coronary arteries
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic pressure overload from hypertension causes concentric hypertrophy, where the ventricular walls thicken
without chamber dilation. Eccentric hypertrophy occurs with volume overload, such as in valvular regurgitation.
Q3 A nursing student is reviewing the cardiac cycle and notes that the aortic valve closes when
ventricular pressure drops below aortic pressure. This event marks the beginning of which
phase?
A. Isovolumetric contraction
B. Rapid ventricular ejection
C. Isovolumetric relaxation
D. Rapid ventricular filling
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aortic valve closure occurs at the dicrotic notch and begins isovolumetric relaxation, during which all valves are
closed and ventricular volume remains constant. Isovolumetric contraction begins with mitral valve closure.
Q4 A 67-year-old woman with chronic heart failure is taking a medication that blocks the
conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Her nurse understands that reducing angiotensin
II levels decreases which of the following harmful effects on the cardiovascular system?
A. Vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion
B. Bradycardia and decreased preload
C. Vasoconstriction and increased aldosterone secretion
D. Increased natriuretic peptide release
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone release, which promotes sodium/water
retention. ACE inhibitors block this pathway, reducing afterload and preload. Vasodilation would be beneficial, not harmful.
,Anatomy and Physiology II with Lab | Questions & Verified Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct - Chamberlain 2026/2027
Q5 During a cardiac catheterization, a physician threads a catheter through the femoral vein into
the right side of the heart. As the catheter passes through the tricuspid valve, it enters which
chamber?
A. Right ventricle
B. Right atrium
C. Left atrium
D. Pulmonary artery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle. Blood flows from the right atrium through the
tricuspid valve into the right ventricle during diastole.
Q6 A patient with atrial fibrillation is at increased risk for stroke because blood stasis in the atria
promotes thrombus formation. The nurse explains that the left atrial appendage is particularly
prone to clot formation. Which vessel would a dislodged clot from this location most likely
enter first?
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Aorta
C. Superior vena cava
D. Coronary sinus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood from the left atrium flows through the mitral valve into the left ventricle and then into the aorta. A clot from the
left atrium would enter systemic circulation via the aorta, potentially causing an embolic stroke in the brain.
Q7 A 55-year-old marathon runner has a resting heart rate of 48 beats per minute. His physician
explains that chronic aerobic training increases vagal tone and stroke volume. Which equation
best describes how his cardiac output is maintained at rest despite the low heart rate?
A. Cardiac output = Heart rate / Stroke volume
B. Cardiac output = Blood pressure x Peripheral resistance
C. Cardiac output = Heart rate x Stroke volume
D. Cardiac output = End-diastolic volume - End-systolic volume
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cardiac output is defined as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume (CO = HR x SV). In trained athletes, increased
stroke volume compensates for decreased heart rate, maintaining normal cardiac output at rest.
Q8 A patient with severe aortic stenosis develops syncope upon exertion. The nurse recognizes
that the narrowed aortic valve obstructs outflow from the left ventricle, limiting cardiac output.
Which hemodynamic parameter is most directly compromised by this condition?
A. Venous return to the right atrium
B. Pulmonary blood flow to the left atrium
C. Left ventricular ejection into the aorta
D. Coronary artery perfusion during systole
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aortic stenosis directly obstructs left ventricular outflow into the aorta, reducing stroke volume and causing
symptoms like syncope, angina, and dyspnea. Coronary perfusion is primarily a diastolic phenomenon.
