UF AMH2020 EXAM #1 Questions with correct answers
THE VERSAILLES TREATY - ✔✔1919; To prevent Germany from going to War
again/prevent another war from happening (Germany already owed $33 billion);
to bring peace; Americans believed and aimed for peace, less war (prominently
women); it ended war between Germany and the Allied Powers
WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE AND FREEDOM (WILPF) -
✔✔1919-Present; Anti-War Organization; an effect of WWI; women became
more outspoken in politics bc people believed women were "more moral"(voting
19th amendment in 1919).
WOMEN'S PEACE UNION - ✔✔1921-1939; should be a national vote to go to war
or not; widespread support (Christians, Quakers, YMCA, etc); women tried to
advocate for more peaceful efforts and this helped to prevent abruptly going to
war.
WASHINGTON DISARMAMENT CONFERENCE - ✔✔1921; a military conference
limited the weapons to prevent war (mainly reduced battleships, naval ships,
bases, weaponry, bombs and ammunition); the president/government's
involvement in trying to prevent access to weapons therefore preventing war
from easily happening.
KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT - ✔✔1928; international agreement to not use war as
resolution to conflicts, only use as self-defense (optimism and good will weren't
good enough); American economy became the creditor nation since they had
become so involved with other countries (Germany - General Electric; Standard
Oil Company - Middle East); it kept nations from overstepping each other's
boundaries and reduced unnecessary aggression and impulse.
,DAWES PLAN - ✔✔1924; to solve debt problems from WWI/the debt that
Germany owed US (extended repay period, reduced monthly payment, even
forgave some of their debt; in 1929, $2.6/$33 billion was repaid but Germany
gave up on the rest which resulted in the bad blood between America and
Germany.
ISOLATIONISM - ✔✔1920s-1930s; politicians decided America needed to stay out
of European issues bc war damages reform movements, the economy in the
nation - The Great Depression of 1930s (America had its own problems to tend
to); it allowed America to focus on and resolve its own issues (ie. The Great
Depression) before focusing on other worldly issues.
NYE COMMITTEE HEARINGS - ✔✔1934-1936; it blamed weapon-supply
businesses for assisting the tragedies of WWI bc they financially benefited from it
(no data, unproven); their defense was that they only "sell" not inquire use; it
prevented the idea and effectiveness of "Isolationism" if businesses aided other
countries' war efforts.
NEUTRALITY ACTS - ✔✔Congress' lawmaking efforts to prevent war again.
1935; prohibited arms shipments to either side if a war should break out (America
can't help Germany or France).
1936; US can't loan money to belligerent countries.
1937; Cash and Carry Principle - should a war break out, you have to pay cash and
carry away on your own ships (come get your stuff). America wasn't gonna send
ships across the Atlantic just to get sunk by a German u-boat.
It was America's efforts to protect themselves from war and further hinder their
involvement in it.
, HERBERT HOOVER - ✔✔1929-1933; believed government should have minimal
involvement in economy (believed to have had a Darwinist viewpoint that the
"best will survive"); his belief in governmental absence in economy and allowance
for businesses and industry leaders to independently perform in the economy led
to and rooted the beginnings of the Great Depression.
THE CRASH OF 1929 - "BLACK TUESDAY" - ✔✔Oct. 29,1929; investors on Wall
Street traded millions of shares and lost billions of dollars which wiped them out;
it was and economic downturn that spiraled into and brought forth the Great
Depression.
FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT - ✔✔1932- 1945(death); winning the 1932
election against Hoover by a landslide and serving for 13 years (longest
presidency term, reelected 4 times), FDR believed rich and government should
help the poor/respond to social need [the New Deal - employ, fix system, fix
economy] (jobs and food) which allowed people to find comfort in him and his
promise though some people were skeptical about his New Deal fearing
regulations and unions; fireside chats (radio show) "the only thing we have to fear
is fear itself); "Brain Trust" advisers he collaborated with to 1. create economic
regulations ensuring fair market and market stability and 2. "welfare state"
ending poverty and helping those who need it; FDR redefined and expanded the
roles of the federal government with the New Deal and brought America through
and out of the Great Depression.
"THE HUNDRED DAYS" - ✔✔1933; during FDR's first 100 days in office, he passed
many laws involving economy - 1. Glass-Steagall Act 2. Agricultural Adjustment
Act (AAA) 3. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) 4. Civilian Conservation Corps
(CCC); these allowed his vision for the "New Deal" to be carried out, eventually
leading America out of The Great Depression.
THE VERSAILLES TREATY - ✔✔1919; To prevent Germany from going to War
again/prevent another war from happening (Germany already owed $33 billion);
to bring peace; Americans believed and aimed for peace, less war (prominently
women); it ended war between Germany and the Allied Powers
WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE AND FREEDOM (WILPF) -
✔✔1919-Present; Anti-War Organization; an effect of WWI; women became
more outspoken in politics bc people believed women were "more moral"(voting
19th amendment in 1919).
WOMEN'S PEACE UNION - ✔✔1921-1939; should be a national vote to go to war
or not; widespread support (Christians, Quakers, YMCA, etc); women tried to
advocate for more peaceful efforts and this helped to prevent abruptly going to
war.
WASHINGTON DISARMAMENT CONFERENCE - ✔✔1921; a military conference
limited the weapons to prevent war (mainly reduced battleships, naval ships,
bases, weaponry, bombs and ammunition); the president/government's
involvement in trying to prevent access to weapons therefore preventing war
from easily happening.
KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT - ✔✔1928; international agreement to not use war as
resolution to conflicts, only use as self-defense (optimism and good will weren't
good enough); American economy became the creditor nation since they had
become so involved with other countries (Germany - General Electric; Standard
Oil Company - Middle East); it kept nations from overstepping each other's
boundaries and reduced unnecessary aggression and impulse.
,DAWES PLAN - ✔✔1924; to solve debt problems from WWI/the debt that
Germany owed US (extended repay period, reduced monthly payment, even
forgave some of their debt; in 1929, $2.6/$33 billion was repaid but Germany
gave up on the rest which resulted in the bad blood between America and
Germany.
ISOLATIONISM - ✔✔1920s-1930s; politicians decided America needed to stay out
of European issues bc war damages reform movements, the economy in the
nation - The Great Depression of 1930s (America had its own problems to tend
to); it allowed America to focus on and resolve its own issues (ie. The Great
Depression) before focusing on other worldly issues.
NYE COMMITTEE HEARINGS - ✔✔1934-1936; it blamed weapon-supply
businesses for assisting the tragedies of WWI bc they financially benefited from it
(no data, unproven); their defense was that they only "sell" not inquire use; it
prevented the idea and effectiveness of "Isolationism" if businesses aided other
countries' war efforts.
NEUTRALITY ACTS - ✔✔Congress' lawmaking efforts to prevent war again.
1935; prohibited arms shipments to either side if a war should break out (America
can't help Germany or France).
1936; US can't loan money to belligerent countries.
1937; Cash and Carry Principle - should a war break out, you have to pay cash and
carry away on your own ships (come get your stuff). America wasn't gonna send
ships across the Atlantic just to get sunk by a German u-boat.
It was America's efforts to protect themselves from war and further hinder their
involvement in it.
, HERBERT HOOVER - ✔✔1929-1933; believed government should have minimal
involvement in economy (believed to have had a Darwinist viewpoint that the
"best will survive"); his belief in governmental absence in economy and allowance
for businesses and industry leaders to independently perform in the economy led
to and rooted the beginnings of the Great Depression.
THE CRASH OF 1929 - "BLACK TUESDAY" - ✔✔Oct. 29,1929; investors on Wall
Street traded millions of shares and lost billions of dollars which wiped them out;
it was and economic downturn that spiraled into and brought forth the Great
Depression.
FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT - ✔✔1932- 1945(death); winning the 1932
election against Hoover by a landslide and serving for 13 years (longest
presidency term, reelected 4 times), FDR believed rich and government should
help the poor/respond to social need [the New Deal - employ, fix system, fix
economy] (jobs and food) which allowed people to find comfort in him and his
promise though some people were skeptical about his New Deal fearing
regulations and unions; fireside chats (radio show) "the only thing we have to fear
is fear itself); "Brain Trust" advisers he collaborated with to 1. create economic
regulations ensuring fair market and market stability and 2. "welfare state"
ending poverty and helping those who need it; FDR redefined and expanded the
roles of the federal government with the New Deal and brought America through
and out of the Great Depression.
"THE HUNDRED DAYS" - ✔✔1933; during FDR's first 100 days in office, he passed
many laws involving economy - 1. Glass-Steagall Act 2. Agricultural Adjustment
Act (AAA) 3. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) 4. Civilian Conservation Corps
(CCC); these allowed his vision for the "New Deal" to be carried out, eventually
leading America out of The Great Depression.
