NURS 5463/ NURS5463 Exam 2 (New 2026/ 2027 Update) Adult Gerontology Acute Care Guide | Questions & Answers | Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified Solutions)- UTA

NURSl 5463/l NURS5463l Examl 2l (Newl
2026/l 2027l Update)l Adultl Gerontologyl
Acutel Carel Guide|l Questionsl &l Answersl
|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl
Solutions)-l UTA


QUESTION
Hyperglycemial froml Inflammation

Answer:
Elevationl in:
pro-inflammationl cytokines,l tumorl necrosisl factor-alpha,l interleukinl 1B,l 6,l 8,l lipidl
peroxidationl markers,l plasminogenl activatorl inhibitorsl 1l andl C-reactivel protein



QUESTION
Totall Dailyl Dosel (TDD)l ofl SubQl Insulin

Answer:
*0.4l tol 0.6l U/Kg/day*

-l Usel lowerl parameterl forl ptsl whol arel *not*l onl insulinl priorl tol admission
-l Usel higherl parameterl forl ptsl whol arel onl insulinl priorl tol admission,l obese,l orl onl
corticosteroids



QUESTION
TDDl ofl SubQl Insulinl forl Elderly/Renall Failure

Answer:
Canl startl asl lowl asl 0.3l U/Kg/day

,QUESTION
DKA

Answer:
Hallmark:l Anionl gapl metabolicl acidosis,l hyperglycemia,l elevatedl ketonesl inl urinel andl
blood

-l Beta-hydroxybutyratel (BHB)l isl bestl diagnosticl forl ketones



QUESTION
HHS

Answer:
Hallmark:l Littlel orl nol ketoacidl accumulation,l seruml BSl frequentlyl >l 1000l mg/dL,l
seruml osmolalityl >l 320l butl mayl reachl 380l osmol/kg,l neurologicl abnormalitiesl arel
frequentlyl presentl (comal inl 25l tol 50l percentl ofl cases)

Nol ketonel inl UA,l Elevatedl BUN/CRl froml volumel depletion



QUESTION
DKAl vs.l HHS

Answer:
DKA:
-l Anionl Gapl Metabolicl acidosis
-l Seruml Osmol isl lower
-l Mentall statusl changes
-l Abdominall painl canl bel present
-l Waterl deficitl @l 6l litersl

HHN:
-l Bloodl sugarsl >l 600l orl higher
-l Acidosisl isl notl present
-l Presentl withl Stuporl orl coma

,-l Seruml Osmolel isl >l 320l mOsm/kg
-l Waterl deficitl @l 9l liters



QUESTION
Freel Waterl Deficit

Answer:
*FWl deficit=l 0.6l xl Weightl inl KGl Xl ((currentl NA/140)l -1)*

%l totall bodyl waterl variablel tol consider:l 0.6l men,l 0.5l women/elderlyl men,l 0.45l elderlyl
woman



QUESTION
Correctedl Seruml Sodium

Answer:
*Correctedl NAl =l Seruml NAl +l [(Glucosel -100)/100]l xl 1.6*

Usel tol determinel fluidl resuscitation
-l Ifl Correctedl Sodiuml isl aroundl normall rangel >l 135l mEq/Ll usel ½l NS
-l Ifl Correctedl Sodiuml isl lessl thanl <135l (morel likel 129l )l thenl usel NSl (0.9%)



QUESTION
Adrenall Insufficiency:l Signsl andl Symptoms

Answer:
Hyperpigmentation,l vitiligo,l weakness,l fatigue,l poorl appetite,l weightl loss,l nausea,l
vomiting,l diarrhea,l myalgiasl asl resultl ofl hyperkalemia,l cravingl salt,l hypoglycemia



QUESTION
Adrenall Insufficiency:l Diagnosing

Answer:
ACTHl Stimulationl testl (cosyntropin)

, CMP
-l Hyponatremia
-l Hyperkalemia
-l Mildl non-gapl acidosis
-l Hypoglycemia
CBC
-l Lymphocytosis
-l Eosinophilia
TSH
-l Mayl bel increased



QUESTION
Adrenall Insufficiency:l Treatment

Answer:
Crisis:
Fluidl resuscitationl withl NSl orl D5NS
Stressl dosel steroidsl (hydrocortisone,l dexamethasone)
Determinel cause
Vasopressorsl ifl necessary

Insufficiency:l
Stressl dosel steroidsl (hydrocortisone,l prednisone)



QUESTION
Cushingl Diseasel vsl Cushingl Syndrome

Answer:




QUESTION
Cushingl Disorder:l Signsl &l Symptoms

Answer:
-l Moonl face,l buffalol hump,l centrall obesity