PN 2003 PRACTICE FINAL 3 2026 FULL
REVISION COLLECTION COMPLETE PAPER
AND ANSWERS FOR EXAM PREPARATION
◉ Insulin independence
Answer: - ability of client's own naturally produced insulin to
regulate blood glucose levels within consistently normal ranges.
◉ Insulin resistance
Answer: - decreased sensitivity to insulin at the tissue level
◉ Insulin : type 1
Answer: no insulin is produced
◉ Insulin : type 2
Answer: not enough insulin
◉ Hypoglycemia
Answer: low level of sugar in the blood
◉ Hyperglycemia
,Answer: is an increased level of sugar in the blood
◉ Alzheimer's disease: early stage
Answer: mild impairment, short term memory loss and depression
◉ Alzheimer's disease: middle stage
Answer: increased need for assistance with ADL's (Activities of daily
living and IADL's (instrumental activities of daily living)
◉ Alzheimer's disease
Answer: Late Stage
24-hour care is required, unable to communicate or look after
themselves
◉ What are characteristics of vascular?
Answer: Vascular Dementia is caused by small cerebral infarctions.
Brain damage may be local or systemic, the onset is more rapid, and
the disease progresses more predictably
onset of cognitive deficits associated with stroke
- abrupt onset of signs and symptoms
- infarctions are seen on cerebral imaging
, caused by damage to the brain from small infarctions
caused by circulatory problems with insufficient blood flow and
oxygen reaching the brain
Risk factors include
- smoking - vasoconstriction constricts the flow of blood to the brain
- hypertension
- hyperlipidemia - atherosclerosis causes narrowed blood flow to
brain
- inactivity
- history of stoke or cardiovascular disease
◉ What is dementia?
Answer: Dementia is an irreversible, progressive impairment in
cognitive function, affecting
- memory
- orientation
- judgement
- reasoning
- attention span
- language and problem-solving skills
REVISION COLLECTION COMPLETE PAPER
AND ANSWERS FOR EXAM PREPARATION
◉ Insulin independence
Answer: - ability of client's own naturally produced insulin to
regulate blood glucose levels within consistently normal ranges.
◉ Insulin resistance
Answer: - decreased sensitivity to insulin at the tissue level
◉ Insulin : type 1
Answer: no insulin is produced
◉ Insulin : type 2
Answer: not enough insulin
◉ Hypoglycemia
Answer: low level of sugar in the blood
◉ Hyperglycemia
,Answer: is an increased level of sugar in the blood
◉ Alzheimer's disease: early stage
Answer: mild impairment, short term memory loss and depression
◉ Alzheimer's disease: middle stage
Answer: increased need for assistance with ADL's (Activities of daily
living and IADL's (instrumental activities of daily living)
◉ Alzheimer's disease
Answer: Late Stage
24-hour care is required, unable to communicate or look after
themselves
◉ What are characteristics of vascular?
Answer: Vascular Dementia is caused by small cerebral infarctions.
Brain damage may be local or systemic, the onset is more rapid, and
the disease progresses more predictably
onset of cognitive deficits associated with stroke
- abrupt onset of signs and symptoms
- infarctions are seen on cerebral imaging
, caused by damage to the brain from small infarctions
caused by circulatory problems with insufficient blood flow and
oxygen reaching the brain
Risk factors include
- smoking - vasoconstriction constricts the flow of blood to the brain
- hypertension
- hyperlipidemia - atherosclerosis causes narrowed blood flow to
brain
- inactivity
- history of stoke or cardiovascular disease
◉ What is dementia?
Answer: Dementia is an irreversible, progressive impairment in
cognitive function, affecting
- memory
- orientation
- judgement
- reasoning
- attention span
- language and problem-solving skills
