PN 2003 FINAL PAPER 2026 DETAILED
QUESTIONS ACCURATE ANSWERS
PREMIUM QUALITY
◉ fremitus
Answer: a vibration felt during palpation of the chest
◉ kyphosis
Answer: curvature of the spine causing bowing out of upper spine
◉ total lung capacity
Answer: maximum volume that lungs can expand during fullest
inspiration
◉ vital capacity
Answer: maximum amount of air that can be expelled following
maximum inspiration
◉ What is chronic bronchitis?
Answer: inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles due to chronic
exposure to irritants
,◉ Emphysema
Answer: a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged
and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
◉ What is pneumonia?
Answer: infection of the lungs
◉ nursing considerations for respiratory conditions
Answer: recognizing symptoms
preventing complications (RR, pulse,BP, Temp, neck veins (
distention) patency of airways,coughing,quality of secretions, mental
status)
◉ ensuring safe o2 admin
Answer: high levels of o2- depression of resp stimulus-reduced resp-
carbon dioxide retention- restlessness, irritability, dyspnea, coma.
performing posural drainage, promtoe productive coughing,
complementary therapies, promoting self care and encouragement
◉ onset of depression
Answer: coincide with major life changes, often abrupt
◉ course of depression
, Answer: Diurnal effects, typically worse in the morning; situational
fluctuations but less than with delirium.
◉ progression of depression
Answer: variable, rapid or slow but even
◉ duration of depression
Answer: at least 6 weeks can be several months to years
◉ thinking during depression
Answer: intact but with themes of hopelessness, helplessness or self
depriciation
◉ perception during depression
Answer: intact, delusions and hallucinations absent except in severe
cases
◉ psychomotor behavior of depression
Answer: Variable; Psychomotor retardation or agitation.
◉ depression sleep wake cycle
Answer: Disturbed, usually early morning awakening
QUESTIONS ACCURATE ANSWERS
PREMIUM QUALITY
◉ fremitus
Answer: a vibration felt during palpation of the chest
◉ kyphosis
Answer: curvature of the spine causing bowing out of upper spine
◉ total lung capacity
Answer: maximum volume that lungs can expand during fullest
inspiration
◉ vital capacity
Answer: maximum amount of air that can be expelled following
maximum inspiration
◉ What is chronic bronchitis?
Answer: inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles due to chronic
exposure to irritants
,◉ Emphysema
Answer: a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged
and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
◉ What is pneumonia?
Answer: infection of the lungs
◉ nursing considerations for respiratory conditions
Answer: recognizing symptoms
preventing complications (RR, pulse,BP, Temp, neck veins (
distention) patency of airways,coughing,quality of secretions, mental
status)
◉ ensuring safe o2 admin
Answer: high levels of o2- depression of resp stimulus-reduced resp-
carbon dioxide retention- restlessness, irritability, dyspnea, coma.
performing posural drainage, promtoe productive coughing,
complementary therapies, promoting self care and encouragement
◉ onset of depression
Answer: coincide with major life changes, often abrupt
◉ course of depression
, Answer: Diurnal effects, typically worse in the morning; situational
fluctuations but less than with delirium.
◉ progression of depression
Answer: variable, rapid or slow but even
◉ duration of depression
Answer: at least 6 weeks can be several months to years
◉ thinking during depression
Answer: intact but with themes of hopelessness, helplessness or self
depriciation
◉ perception during depression
Answer: intact, delusions and hallucinations absent except in severe
cases
◉ psychomotor behavior of depression
Answer: Variable; Psychomotor retardation or agitation.
◉ depression sleep wake cycle
Answer: Disturbed, usually early morning awakening
