ANTHP 10100 EXAM 2 | PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Phylogeny - correct answer ✔✔Evolutionary Branching Tree; ex: family tree
Systematics - correct answer ✔✔Science of constructing phylogenies
Clade - correct answer ✔✔A group of taxa which includes a common ancestor and all of its
descendants
Sister taxa - correct answer ✔✔Group of organisms that share an immediate common ancestor
Taxonomy - correct answer ✔✔a system of rules for naming or classifying things
Homologous traits - correct answer ✔✔Those whose similarity is due to common ancestry
Analogous traits - correct answer ✔✔Not from common ancestry
Homoplasy - correct answer ✔✔Development of analogous traits
convergent evolution - correct answer ✔✔the process whereby distantly related organisms
independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar necessities
Synamorphy - correct answer ✔✔Shared dervied traits; synamorphies identif monpphyletic
groups
, Clade - correct answer ✔✔Group of taxa which includes common ancestor and all of its
descendants; monophyletic group
Molecular Phylogeny - correct answer ✔✔Using genetic data to infer evolutionary relationship
betwene species. Starts w/ multiple sequence aligment of homologous regions of DNA in
different species
Symplesiomorphy - correct answer ✔✔shared ancestral or "primitive" feature
Molecular Clock - correct answer ✔✔If genes change at a constant rate,
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species: - correct answer ✔✔Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Pan
Species: Troglodytes
Traits common to all primates - correct answer ✔✔Post orbital bar or wall, grasping hands and
feet, more complex brain, nails, forward facing eyes, relatively short snout
STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Phylogeny - correct answer ✔✔Evolutionary Branching Tree; ex: family tree
Systematics - correct answer ✔✔Science of constructing phylogenies
Clade - correct answer ✔✔A group of taxa which includes a common ancestor and all of its
descendants
Sister taxa - correct answer ✔✔Group of organisms that share an immediate common ancestor
Taxonomy - correct answer ✔✔a system of rules for naming or classifying things
Homologous traits - correct answer ✔✔Those whose similarity is due to common ancestry
Analogous traits - correct answer ✔✔Not from common ancestry
Homoplasy - correct answer ✔✔Development of analogous traits
convergent evolution - correct answer ✔✔the process whereby distantly related organisms
independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar necessities
Synamorphy - correct answer ✔✔Shared dervied traits; synamorphies identif monpphyletic
groups
, Clade - correct answer ✔✔Group of taxa which includes common ancestor and all of its
descendants; monophyletic group
Molecular Phylogeny - correct answer ✔✔Using genetic data to infer evolutionary relationship
betwene species. Starts w/ multiple sequence aligment of homologous regions of DNA in
different species
Symplesiomorphy - correct answer ✔✔shared ancestral or "primitive" feature
Molecular Clock - correct answer ✔✔If genes change at a constant rate,
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species: - correct answer ✔✔Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Pan
Species: Troglodytes
Traits common to all primates - correct answer ✔✔Post orbital bar or wall, grasping hands and
feet, more complex brain, nails, forward facing eyes, relatively short snout
