PEDIATRIC DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
MOCK EXAM AND STUDY MATERIAL WITH
CLINICAL CASE SCENARIOS AND DECISION-
MAKING PRACTICE
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 7-year-old boy with headaches and
joint pain?
Answer: Diagnosis: Neuro-arthritic diathesis; Investigations:
Urinalysis, Biochemical blood tests; Treatment: Diet with purine
restriction, Sedatives, Metabolic correction.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 6-month-old infant with a weeping
rash and itching?
Answer: Diagnosis: Atopic dermatitis (exudative-catarrhal
diathesis); Investigations: Allergy history, IgE levels; Treatment:
Elimination diet, Antihistamines, Emollients and topical anti-
inflammatories.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 6-year-old girl with abdominal pain
and poor sleep?
Answer: Diagnosis: Functional abdominal pain (functional
dyspepsia); Differential diagnosis: Gastritis, Peptic ulcer disease,
,Parasitic infection; Treatment: Normalization of diet and daily
routine, Sedatives, psychotherapy, Antispasmodics if needed.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 7-year-old boy with abdominal pain
and hyperacidity?
Answer: Diagnosis: Chronic hyperacid gastritis (antral),
exacerbation; Differential diagnosis: Peptic ulcer disease, Functional
dyspepsia; Treatment: Diet (fractional, gentle), Antacids, proton-
pump inhibitors, Sedatives.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 3-year-old boy with acute vomiting
after eating cottage cheese?
Answer: Diagnosis: Acute food poisoning (toxicoinfection);
Investigations: Stool culture, Blood tests; Treatment: Gastric lavage,
Oral/IV rehydration, Enterosorbents, Diet.
◉ What is the diagnosis for an 8-year-old girl with chronic pain after
fatty food?
Answer: Diagnosis: Biliary dyskinesia, hypokinetic type; Differential
diagnosis: Cholecystitis, Gallstone disease; Treatment: Diet (table
No. 5), Choleretics, Physical activity normalization.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 14-year-old boy with right
hypochondrial pain after cold food?
, Answer: Diagnosis: Biliary dyskinesia, hyperkinetic type; Differential
diagnosis: Gallstones, Peptic ulcer disease; Treatment:
Antispasmodics, Sedatives, Fractional warm meals.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 7-year-old boy with severe epigastric
pain after overeating fruit?
Answer: Diagnosis: To be determined; Emergency care needed.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 12-year-old boy with epigastric pain,
heartburn, and endoscopy showing esophagitis?
Answer: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with reflux
esophagitis
◉ What are the differential diagnoses for GERD?
Answer: Chronic gastritis, Peptic ulcer disease
◉ What is the treatment for GERD?
Answer: PPIs, Prokinetics, Diet and posture therapy
◉ What is the diagnosis for an 8-month-old infant with pallor,
hepatomegaly, and hypochromia?
Answer: Iron-deficiency anemia
MOCK EXAM AND STUDY MATERIAL WITH
CLINICAL CASE SCENARIOS AND DECISION-
MAKING PRACTICE
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 7-year-old boy with headaches and
joint pain?
Answer: Diagnosis: Neuro-arthritic diathesis; Investigations:
Urinalysis, Biochemical blood tests; Treatment: Diet with purine
restriction, Sedatives, Metabolic correction.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 6-month-old infant with a weeping
rash and itching?
Answer: Diagnosis: Atopic dermatitis (exudative-catarrhal
diathesis); Investigations: Allergy history, IgE levels; Treatment:
Elimination diet, Antihistamines, Emollients and topical anti-
inflammatories.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 6-year-old girl with abdominal pain
and poor sleep?
Answer: Diagnosis: Functional abdominal pain (functional
dyspepsia); Differential diagnosis: Gastritis, Peptic ulcer disease,
,Parasitic infection; Treatment: Normalization of diet and daily
routine, Sedatives, psychotherapy, Antispasmodics if needed.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 7-year-old boy with abdominal pain
and hyperacidity?
Answer: Diagnosis: Chronic hyperacid gastritis (antral),
exacerbation; Differential diagnosis: Peptic ulcer disease, Functional
dyspepsia; Treatment: Diet (fractional, gentle), Antacids, proton-
pump inhibitors, Sedatives.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 3-year-old boy with acute vomiting
after eating cottage cheese?
Answer: Diagnosis: Acute food poisoning (toxicoinfection);
Investigations: Stool culture, Blood tests; Treatment: Gastric lavage,
Oral/IV rehydration, Enterosorbents, Diet.
◉ What is the diagnosis for an 8-year-old girl with chronic pain after
fatty food?
Answer: Diagnosis: Biliary dyskinesia, hypokinetic type; Differential
diagnosis: Cholecystitis, Gallstone disease; Treatment: Diet (table
No. 5), Choleretics, Physical activity normalization.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 14-year-old boy with right
hypochondrial pain after cold food?
, Answer: Diagnosis: Biliary dyskinesia, hyperkinetic type; Differential
diagnosis: Gallstones, Peptic ulcer disease; Treatment:
Antispasmodics, Sedatives, Fractional warm meals.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 7-year-old boy with severe epigastric
pain after overeating fruit?
Answer: Diagnosis: To be determined; Emergency care needed.
◉ What is the diagnosis for a 12-year-old boy with epigastric pain,
heartburn, and endoscopy showing esophagitis?
Answer: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with reflux
esophagitis
◉ What are the differential diagnoses for GERD?
Answer: Chronic gastritis, Peptic ulcer disease
◉ What is the treatment for GERD?
Answer: PPIs, Prokinetics, Diet and posture therapy
◉ What is the diagnosis for an 8-month-old infant with pallor,
hepatomegaly, and hypochromia?
Answer: Iron-deficiency anemia
