NR 302 Exam questions and answers
with rationales/graded A+/2026
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1. The concept of health and healing has evolved in recent years. Which is the best
description of health?
A) Health is the absence of disease.
B) Health is a dynamic process toward optimal functioning.
C) Health depends on an interaction of mind, body, and spirit within the
environment.
D) Health is the prevention of disease.
Answer: C) Health depends on an interaction of mind, body, and spirit within the
environment.
Rationale: Modern nursing defines health holistically—as more than just the absence of
disease. Health is viewed as a state of optimal functioning or well-being that
encompasses physical, social, and mental components influenced by the interaction of
mind, body, and spirit within the environment.
2. What is the primary purpose of the nursing health assessment?
A) To diagnose medical conditions
B) To establish a baseline of patient health status
, C) To collect holistic data to formulate a nursing diagnosis
D) To evaluate treatment effectiveness
Answer: C) To collect holistic data to formulate a nursing diagnosis
Rationale: The primary purpose of health assessment is to collect holistic, subjective, and
objective data to determine a patient's overall level of functioning and formulate
nursing diagnoses. While establishing a baseline is important, it serves this broader
purpose.
3. Which of the following are components of the nursing process? (Select all that
apply)
A) Assessment
B) Diagnosis
C) Planning
D) Implementation
E) Evaluation
F) Prescription
Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Rationale: The nursing process follows the ADPIE framework: Assessment, Diagnosis,
Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation. Prescription is not part of the nursing
process—it falls under the medical model.
4. Which would be included in the database for a new patient admission to a
surgical unit?
, A) All subjective and objective data gathered by a health practitioner from a
patient
B) All objective data obtained from a patient through inspection, percussion,
palpation, and auscultation
C) A summary of a patient's record, including laboratory studies
D) All subjective and objective data gathered from a patient and the results of any
laboratory or diagnostic studies completed
Answer: D) All subjective and objective data gathered from a patient and the
results of any laboratory or diagnostic studies completed
Rationale: A complete health database includes both subjective data (from the patient
interview and health history) and objective data (from physical examination, laboratory
studies, and diagnostic tests). This comprehensive approach yields the first diagnosis
and describes the current and past health state.
5. The nurse uses a stethoscope to auscultate breath sounds. This is an example of
which type of assessment skill?
A) Inspection
B) Palpation
C) Percussion
D) Auscultation
Answer: D) Auscultation
Rationale: Auscultation is the skill of listening to sounds produced by the body using a
stethoscope. Breath sounds, heart sounds, and bowel sounds are assessed this way.
Inspection involves visual examination, palpation involves touch, and percussion
involves tapping to produce sound.
, 6. A patient is in the emergency department with nausea and vomiting. Which
would you include in the database?
A) A complete health history and full physical examination
B) A diet and GI history
C) Previously identified problems
D) Start collection of data in conjunction with lifesaving measures
Answer: B) A diet and GI history
Rationale: This is a focused/episodic database appropriate for a patient presenting with
a specific, limited problem (nausea and vomiting). A focused assessment targets the
specific problem rather than collecting complete data on all systems.
7. You are reviewing assessment data of a 45-year-old male patient and note pain
of 8 on a scale of 10, labored breathing, and pale skin color on the electronic
health record. This documentation is an example of:
A) Hypothetical reasoning
B) Diagnostic reasoning
C) Data cluster
D) Signs and symptoms
Answer: C) Data cluster
Rationale: A data cluster is a group of related cues or data points that together suggest
a potential problem or diagnosis. Pain (8/10), labored breathing, and pale skin are
clustered cues that may indicate a specific issue.
with rationales/graded A+/2026
update/100% correct /instant
download
1. The concept of health and healing has evolved in recent years. Which is the best
description of health?
A) Health is the absence of disease.
B) Health is a dynamic process toward optimal functioning.
C) Health depends on an interaction of mind, body, and spirit within the
environment.
D) Health is the prevention of disease.
Answer: C) Health depends on an interaction of mind, body, and spirit within the
environment.
Rationale: Modern nursing defines health holistically—as more than just the absence of
disease. Health is viewed as a state of optimal functioning or well-being that
encompasses physical, social, and mental components influenced by the interaction of
mind, body, and spirit within the environment.
2. What is the primary purpose of the nursing health assessment?
A) To diagnose medical conditions
B) To establish a baseline of patient health status
, C) To collect holistic data to formulate a nursing diagnosis
D) To evaluate treatment effectiveness
Answer: C) To collect holistic data to formulate a nursing diagnosis
Rationale: The primary purpose of health assessment is to collect holistic, subjective, and
objective data to determine a patient's overall level of functioning and formulate
nursing diagnoses. While establishing a baseline is important, it serves this broader
purpose.
3. Which of the following are components of the nursing process? (Select all that
apply)
A) Assessment
B) Diagnosis
C) Planning
D) Implementation
E) Evaluation
F) Prescription
Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Rationale: The nursing process follows the ADPIE framework: Assessment, Diagnosis,
Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation. Prescription is not part of the nursing
process—it falls under the medical model.
4. Which would be included in the database for a new patient admission to a
surgical unit?
, A) All subjective and objective data gathered by a health practitioner from a
patient
B) All objective data obtained from a patient through inspection, percussion,
palpation, and auscultation
C) A summary of a patient's record, including laboratory studies
D) All subjective and objective data gathered from a patient and the results of any
laboratory or diagnostic studies completed
Answer: D) All subjective and objective data gathered from a patient and the
results of any laboratory or diagnostic studies completed
Rationale: A complete health database includes both subjective data (from the patient
interview and health history) and objective data (from physical examination, laboratory
studies, and diagnostic tests). This comprehensive approach yields the first diagnosis
and describes the current and past health state.
5. The nurse uses a stethoscope to auscultate breath sounds. This is an example of
which type of assessment skill?
A) Inspection
B) Palpation
C) Percussion
D) Auscultation
Answer: D) Auscultation
Rationale: Auscultation is the skill of listening to sounds produced by the body using a
stethoscope. Breath sounds, heart sounds, and bowel sounds are assessed this way.
Inspection involves visual examination, palpation involves touch, and percussion
involves tapping to produce sound.
, 6. A patient is in the emergency department with nausea and vomiting. Which
would you include in the database?
A) A complete health history and full physical examination
B) A diet and GI history
C) Previously identified problems
D) Start collection of data in conjunction with lifesaving measures
Answer: B) A diet and GI history
Rationale: This is a focused/episodic database appropriate for a patient presenting with
a specific, limited problem (nausea and vomiting). A focused assessment targets the
specific problem rather than collecting complete data on all systems.
7. You are reviewing assessment data of a 45-year-old male patient and note pain
of 8 on a scale of 10, labored breathing, and pale skin color on the electronic
health record. This documentation is an example of:
A) Hypothetical reasoning
B) Diagnostic reasoning
C) Data cluster
D) Signs and symptoms
Answer: C) Data cluster
Rationale: A data cluster is a group of related cues or data points that together suggest
a potential problem or diagnosis. Pain (8/10), labored breathing, and pale skin are
clustered cues that may indicate a specific issue.
