ADN 106 Review Verified Exam Questions and Answers Latest update
2026/2027
Question:
What is the normal serum value for sodium?
Answer:
135 - 145 mEq/L
Question:
What is the normal serum value for potassium?
Answer:
3.5 - 5.3 mEq/L
Question:
What is the normal serum value for calcium?
Answer:
9 - 11 mg/DL
Question:
A client hospitalized for treatment of a pulmonary embolism develops respiratory alkalosis. Which
clinical findings commonly accompany respiratory alkalosis? Nausea or vomiting Abdominal pain or
diarrhea Hallucinations or tinnitus Light-headedness or paresthesia
Answer:
Light-headedness or paresthesia
Question:
A nurse correctly identifies a urine specimen with a pH of 4.3 as being which type of solution? Neutral
Alkaline Acidic Basic
Answer:
Acidic
Question:
To compensate for decreased fluid volume (hypovolemia), the nurse can anticipate which response by
the body? Bradycardia Tachycardia Vasodilation Increased urine output
Answer:
Tachycardia
,Question:
A 64-year-old client is brought in to the clinic with thirsty, dry, sticky mucous membranes, decreased
urine output, fever, a rough tongue, and lethargy. Serum sodium level is above 145 mEq/L. Should the
nurse start salt tablets when caring for this client? Yes, this will correct the sodium deficit. Yes, along
with the hypotonic IV. No, start with the sodium chloride IV. No, sodium intake should be restricted.
Answer:
No, sodium intake should be restricted.
Question:
A client was admitted to the hospital unit after 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. The client's spouse
became alarmed when the client demonstrated confusion and elevated temperature, and reported "dry
mouth." The nurse suspects the client is experiencing which condition? dehydration hypervolemia
hypercalcemia hyperkalemia
Answer:
dehydration
Question:
A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client admitted with pneumonia: pH,
7.51; PaCO2, 28 mm Hg; PaO2, 70 mm Hg; and HCO3--, 24 mEq/L. What do these values
indicate? Metabolic acidosis Metabolic alkalosis Respiratory acidosis Respiratory alkalosis
Answer:
Respiratory alkalosis
Question:
A client with Guillain-Barré syndrome develops respiratory acidosis as a result of reduced alveolar
ventilation. Which combination of arterial blood gas (ABG) values confirms respiratory acidosis? pH,
7.5; PaCO2 30 mm Hg pH, 7.40; PaCO2 35 mm Hg pH, 7.35; PaCO2 40 mm Hg pH, 7.25; PaCO2 50
mm Hg
Answer:
pH, 7.25; PaCO2 50 mm Hg
Question:
Which is an insensible mechanism of fluid loss? Urination Bowel elimination Breathing Nausea
Answer:
Breathing
, Question:
Which is considered an isotonic solution?
0.9% normal saline
Dextran in normal saline
0.45% normal saline
3% NaCl
Answer:
0.9% normal saline
Question:
You are caring for a 72-year-old client who has been admitted to your unit for a fluid volume
imbalance. You know which of the following is the most common fluid imbalance in older adults?
Hypovolemia Dehydration Hypervolemia Fluid volume excess
Answer:
Dehydration
Question:
A nurse is caring for a client with metastatic breast cancer who is extremely lethargic and very slow to
respond to stimuli. The laboratory report indicates a serum calcium level of 12.0 mg/dl, a serum
potassium level of 3.9 mEq/L, a serum chloride level of 101 mEq/L, and a serum sodium level of 140
mEq/L. Based on this information, the nurse determines that the client's symptoms are most likely
associated with which electrolyte imbalance? Hyperkalemia Hypocalcemia Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
Answer:
Hypercalcemia
Question:
A client is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Laboratory
results reveal serum sodium level 130 mEq/L and urine specific gravity 1.030. Which nursing
intervention helps prevent complications associated with SIADH? Restricting fluids to 800 ml/day
Administering vasopressin as ordered Elevating the head of the client's bed to 90 degrees Restricting
sodium intake to 1 gm/day
Answer:
Restricting fluids to 800 ml/day Excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) disturbs fluid and
electrolyte balance in SIADH. The excessive ADH causes an inability to excrete dilute urine, retention
of free water, expansion of extracellular fluid volume, and hyponatremia. Symptomatic treatment
begins with restricting fluids to 800 ml/day. Vasopressin is administered to clients with diabetes
insipidus a condition in which circulating ADH is deficient. Elevating the head of the bed decreases
vascular return and decreases atrial-filling pressure, which increases ADH secretion, thus worsening
the client's condition. The client's sodium is low and, therefore, shouldn't be restricted.
2026/2027
Question:
What is the normal serum value for sodium?
Answer:
135 - 145 mEq/L
Question:
What is the normal serum value for potassium?
Answer:
3.5 - 5.3 mEq/L
Question:
What is the normal serum value for calcium?
Answer:
9 - 11 mg/DL
Question:
A client hospitalized for treatment of a pulmonary embolism develops respiratory alkalosis. Which
clinical findings commonly accompany respiratory alkalosis? Nausea or vomiting Abdominal pain or
diarrhea Hallucinations or tinnitus Light-headedness or paresthesia
Answer:
Light-headedness or paresthesia
Question:
A nurse correctly identifies a urine specimen with a pH of 4.3 as being which type of solution? Neutral
Alkaline Acidic Basic
Answer:
Acidic
Question:
To compensate for decreased fluid volume (hypovolemia), the nurse can anticipate which response by
the body? Bradycardia Tachycardia Vasodilation Increased urine output
Answer:
Tachycardia
,Question:
A 64-year-old client is brought in to the clinic with thirsty, dry, sticky mucous membranes, decreased
urine output, fever, a rough tongue, and lethargy. Serum sodium level is above 145 mEq/L. Should the
nurse start salt tablets when caring for this client? Yes, this will correct the sodium deficit. Yes, along
with the hypotonic IV. No, start with the sodium chloride IV. No, sodium intake should be restricted.
Answer:
No, sodium intake should be restricted.
Question:
A client was admitted to the hospital unit after 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. The client's spouse
became alarmed when the client demonstrated confusion and elevated temperature, and reported "dry
mouth." The nurse suspects the client is experiencing which condition? dehydration hypervolemia
hypercalcemia hyperkalemia
Answer:
dehydration
Question:
A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client admitted with pneumonia: pH,
7.51; PaCO2, 28 mm Hg; PaO2, 70 mm Hg; and HCO3--, 24 mEq/L. What do these values
indicate? Metabolic acidosis Metabolic alkalosis Respiratory acidosis Respiratory alkalosis
Answer:
Respiratory alkalosis
Question:
A client with Guillain-Barré syndrome develops respiratory acidosis as a result of reduced alveolar
ventilation. Which combination of arterial blood gas (ABG) values confirms respiratory acidosis? pH,
7.5; PaCO2 30 mm Hg pH, 7.40; PaCO2 35 mm Hg pH, 7.35; PaCO2 40 mm Hg pH, 7.25; PaCO2 50
mm Hg
Answer:
pH, 7.25; PaCO2 50 mm Hg
Question:
Which is an insensible mechanism of fluid loss? Urination Bowel elimination Breathing Nausea
Answer:
Breathing
, Question:
Which is considered an isotonic solution?
0.9% normal saline
Dextran in normal saline
0.45% normal saline
3% NaCl
Answer:
0.9% normal saline
Question:
You are caring for a 72-year-old client who has been admitted to your unit for a fluid volume
imbalance. You know which of the following is the most common fluid imbalance in older adults?
Hypovolemia Dehydration Hypervolemia Fluid volume excess
Answer:
Dehydration
Question:
A nurse is caring for a client with metastatic breast cancer who is extremely lethargic and very slow to
respond to stimuli. The laboratory report indicates a serum calcium level of 12.0 mg/dl, a serum
potassium level of 3.9 mEq/L, a serum chloride level of 101 mEq/L, and a serum sodium level of 140
mEq/L. Based on this information, the nurse determines that the client's symptoms are most likely
associated with which electrolyte imbalance? Hyperkalemia Hypocalcemia Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
Answer:
Hypercalcemia
Question:
A client is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Laboratory
results reveal serum sodium level 130 mEq/L and urine specific gravity 1.030. Which nursing
intervention helps prevent complications associated with SIADH? Restricting fluids to 800 ml/day
Administering vasopressin as ordered Elevating the head of the client's bed to 90 degrees Restricting
sodium intake to 1 gm/day
Answer:
Restricting fluids to 800 ml/day Excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) disturbs fluid and
electrolyte balance in SIADH. The excessive ADH causes an inability to excrete dilute urine, retention
of free water, expansion of extracellular fluid volume, and hyponatremia. Symptomatic treatment
begins with restricting fluids to 800 ml/day. Vasopressin is administered to clients with diabetes
insipidus a condition in which circulating ADH is deficient. Elevating the head of the bed decreases
vascular return and decreases atrial-filling pressure, which increases ADH secretion, thus worsening
the client's condition. The client's sodium is low and, therefore, shouldn't be restricted.
