PSC 101 TEST PAPER 2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Block Grants - ✔✔Flexible funding.
✔✔Unfunded Mandates - ✔✔Federal requirements without funding.
✔✔Devolution - ✔✔Returning powers to states.
✔✔Civil Liberties - ✔✔Protections from government interference.
✔✔Selective Incorporation - ✔✔Applying the Bill of Rights to states via 14th
Amendment.
✔✔First Amendment Protections - ✔✔Religion, speech, press, assembly, petition.
✔✔Establishment Clause - ✔✔No state religion.
✔✔Free Exercise Clause - ✔✔Freedom to practice religion.
✔✔Freedom of Speech - ✔✔Includes symbolic speech; protected from censorship.
✔✔Due Process (5th & 14th Amendments) - ✔✔Fair treatment in legal system.
✔✔Exclusionary Rule - ✔✔Evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court.
✔✔Miranda Rights - ✔✔Rights read to suspects upon arrest.
✔✔Civil Rights - ✔✔Protection from discrimination.
✔✔Equal Protection Clause (14th Amendment) - ✔✔States must treat all people
equally.
✔✔Jim Crow Laws - ✔✔Legalized racial segregation in the South.
✔✔De Jure vs. De Facto Segregation - ✔✔By law vs by practice.
✔✔Voting Rights Act (1965) - ✔✔Banned discriminatory voting practices.
✔✔Levels of Scrutiny - ✔✔Different standards used by courts to evaluate laws.
✔✔Strict Scrutiny - ✔✔Most strict; used for race.
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Block Grants - ✔✔Flexible funding.
✔✔Unfunded Mandates - ✔✔Federal requirements without funding.
✔✔Devolution - ✔✔Returning powers to states.
✔✔Civil Liberties - ✔✔Protections from government interference.
✔✔Selective Incorporation - ✔✔Applying the Bill of Rights to states via 14th
Amendment.
✔✔First Amendment Protections - ✔✔Religion, speech, press, assembly, petition.
✔✔Establishment Clause - ✔✔No state religion.
✔✔Free Exercise Clause - ✔✔Freedom to practice religion.
✔✔Freedom of Speech - ✔✔Includes symbolic speech; protected from censorship.
✔✔Due Process (5th & 14th Amendments) - ✔✔Fair treatment in legal system.
✔✔Exclusionary Rule - ✔✔Evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court.
✔✔Miranda Rights - ✔✔Rights read to suspects upon arrest.
✔✔Civil Rights - ✔✔Protection from discrimination.
✔✔Equal Protection Clause (14th Amendment) - ✔✔States must treat all people
equally.
✔✔Jim Crow Laws - ✔✔Legalized racial segregation in the South.
✔✔De Jure vs. De Facto Segregation - ✔✔By law vs by practice.
✔✔Voting Rights Act (1965) - ✔✔Banned discriminatory voting practices.
✔✔Levels of Scrutiny - ✔✔Different standards used by courts to evaluate laws.
✔✔Strict Scrutiny - ✔✔Most strict; used for race.
