APEA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL 500 EXAM
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Which type of angina results from coronary artery vasospasm and
occurs in atypical patterns?
Classic angina
Prinzmetal's angina
Unstable angina
Pleuritic chest pain.
Answer: Prinzmetal's angina
Results from coronary artery vasospasm and occurs in an atypical
pattern. It is usually at a single site. It can occur in a normal or
disease vessel. Pain is usually resolved with angina medication.
Classic (stable angina) occurs when the heart is stressed, lasts less
than 5 minutes, and usually resolves with rest.
Unstable angina is considered a medical emergency because it lasts
longer than 5 minutes, does not follow the normal pain pattern, and
may not resolve with rest or angina medication. It is often associated
or signals a MI.
◉ A patient who is in cardiogenic shock will present with:
a high cardiac index
,decreased vascular resistance
increased ventricular ejection fraction
mixed venous oxygen saturation.
Answer: mixed venous oxygen saturation
Patients will have a low cardiac index, elevated filling pressures of
the left, right, or both ventricles, and a decreased mixed venous
oxygen saturation.
◉ With each heart beat, blood within the left and right ventricle is
ejected into the:
left atrium only
aorta and pulmonary artery
anterior descending artery
right coronary artery.
Answer: aorta and pulmonary artery
◉ The primary cause of cardiogenic shock in a patient with an acute
MI is:
failure of the ventricle to pump blood adequately
failure of the aortic valve to pump blood adequately
regurgitation of the tricuspid valve
regurgitation of the mitral valve.
,Answer: failure of the ventricle to pump adequately
◉ Unstable angina is characterized by:
angina with prolonged activity
angina symptoms lasting >6 months.
increasing crescendo angina
angina with elevated cardiac markers.
Answer: increased crescendo angina
unstable angina is characterized by prolonged angina at rest (usually
>20 minutes at rest), and increasing crescendo angina (now more
frequent & longer duration)
◉ Which one of the following produces visible evidence of an
underlying problem with reverse venous flow?
cellulitis
bruising
stasis dermatitis
varicose veins.
Answer: varicose veins
◉ Which one of the following is NOT an assessment finding in a
patient who is experiencing shock?
, low urine output
end-organ hyperperfusion
poor mentation
hypotension.
Answer: end-organ hyperperfusion
◉ A progressive disease of heart muscle that is characterized by
ventricular chamber enlargement and contractile dysfunction is:
acute coronary syndrome
cardiac tamponade
dilated cardiomyopathy
thyrotoxicosis.
Answer: dilated cardiomyopathy
◉ Patients with acute coronary syndrome may experience chest
pain secondary to:
arterial vasodilation
oxygen demand
potassium depletion
elevated creatine.
Answer: oxygen demand
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Which type of angina results from coronary artery vasospasm and
occurs in atypical patterns?
Classic angina
Prinzmetal's angina
Unstable angina
Pleuritic chest pain.
Answer: Prinzmetal's angina
Results from coronary artery vasospasm and occurs in an atypical
pattern. It is usually at a single site. It can occur in a normal or
disease vessel. Pain is usually resolved with angina medication.
Classic (stable angina) occurs when the heart is stressed, lasts less
than 5 minutes, and usually resolves with rest.
Unstable angina is considered a medical emergency because it lasts
longer than 5 minutes, does not follow the normal pain pattern, and
may not resolve with rest or angina medication. It is often associated
or signals a MI.
◉ A patient who is in cardiogenic shock will present with:
a high cardiac index
,decreased vascular resistance
increased ventricular ejection fraction
mixed venous oxygen saturation.
Answer: mixed venous oxygen saturation
Patients will have a low cardiac index, elevated filling pressures of
the left, right, or both ventricles, and a decreased mixed venous
oxygen saturation.
◉ With each heart beat, blood within the left and right ventricle is
ejected into the:
left atrium only
aorta and pulmonary artery
anterior descending artery
right coronary artery.
Answer: aorta and pulmonary artery
◉ The primary cause of cardiogenic shock in a patient with an acute
MI is:
failure of the ventricle to pump blood adequately
failure of the aortic valve to pump blood adequately
regurgitation of the tricuspid valve
regurgitation of the mitral valve.
,Answer: failure of the ventricle to pump adequately
◉ Unstable angina is characterized by:
angina with prolonged activity
angina symptoms lasting >6 months.
increasing crescendo angina
angina with elevated cardiac markers.
Answer: increased crescendo angina
unstable angina is characterized by prolonged angina at rest (usually
>20 minutes at rest), and increasing crescendo angina (now more
frequent & longer duration)
◉ Which one of the following produces visible evidence of an
underlying problem with reverse venous flow?
cellulitis
bruising
stasis dermatitis
varicose veins.
Answer: varicose veins
◉ Which one of the following is NOT an assessment finding in a
patient who is experiencing shock?
, low urine output
end-organ hyperperfusion
poor mentation
hypotension.
Answer: end-organ hyperperfusion
◉ A progressive disease of heart muscle that is characterized by
ventricular chamber enlargement and contractile dysfunction is:
acute coronary syndrome
cardiac tamponade
dilated cardiomyopathy
thyrotoxicosis.
Answer: dilated cardiomyopathy
◉ Patients with acute coronary syndrome may experience chest
pain secondary to:
arterial vasodilation
oxygen demand
potassium depletion
elevated creatine.
Answer: oxygen demand
